O, ingabe wena noma ingane yakho niphule ithambo? (Ukuphuka Kwamathambo) Ungakhathazeki, ake sixoxe ngalokhu!

Kungaba yinto eyesabekayo futhi ebangela ukukhathazeka ukucabanga ukuthi wena, ingane yakho, noma othile omaziyo uzophuka ithambo. Ngezinye izikhathi kungenzeka ngokuwa okuncane, ngenkathi udlala, noma ngisho nengozi encane ngenkathi ugibele imoto. Ngakho-ke namuhla, ake sixoxe ngokuthi liyini ithambo eliphukile, ukuthi ungalibona kanjani, odokotela benzani ngalo, futhi okubaluleke kakhulu, ukuthi liphulukiswa kanjani.

Kusho ukuthini ngempela ukuphula ithambo?

Kalula nje, ithambo eliphukile livela lapho ithambo eliqinile emzimbeni wethu liphuka noma liqhekeka, kungaba ngokuphelele noma ngokwengxenye. Thina odokotela sivame ukukubiza lokhu ngokuthi 'ukuphuka' . Ngisho noma amathambo ethu eqinile kakhulu, uma ebhekene namandla amakhulu kunomkhawulo othile, njengokuwa noma ukushaywa kanzima, angaphuka. Cabanga ngakho njengenduku yokhuni, ungayigoba kancane, kodwa uma usufinyelele umkhawulo, izophuka, akunjalo? Yileyo ndlela okuyona.

Kungani siphula amathambo ethu kanje? Yiziphi izizathu?

Kungaba nezizathu eziningi zokuphuka kwethambo. Ake sibheke ezinye zezizathu eziyinhloko.

• Ukuwa: Lena yimbangela evame kakhulu yokuphuka kwamathambo, ikakhulukazi ezinganeni nakubantu asebekhulile. Izingane ezincane zingawa ngenkathi zigijima, zikhuphuka izihlahla, noma zihleli nje ekhaya. Njengoba sikhula, ibhalansi yethu iyancipha futhi amathambo ethu aba buthakathaka, okwenza kube lula ukuthi siphuke ithambo ngenxa yokuwa.
• Izingozi: Amathambo angaphuka ngenxa yezinto ezifana nezingozi zomgwaqo, ukuwa ezindaweni eziphakeme, noma izingozi emsebenzini.
• Ukulimala Kwezemidlalo: Abadlali bangaphuka amathambo ngenkathi bedlala imidlalo enomthelela omkhulu njengekhilikithi, ibhola likanobhutshuzwayo, i-rugby, noma ukugijima nokugxuma. Ngezinye izikhathi, lokhu kungenzeka ngisho nalapho befika endaweni engavamile.
• Ukucindezeleka Okuphindaphindayo: Uma uqhubeka nokwenza ukunyakaza okufanayo, inani elincane lokucindezeleka lingabekwa ethanjeni elihilelekile. Abasebenzi bezempi nabagijimi bamabanga amade bangaba namathambo aqhekekile amancane (`Ukucindezeleka Kwamathambo`) ngenxa yalezi zizathu.
• Ukuphuka Kwethambo: Ezinye izimo, njenge-osteoporosis kanye nomdlavuza wamathambo, zingawenza buthaka amathambo futhi zibangele ukuthi aphuke ngisho nangamandla amancane.

Ingabe kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zokuphuka kwamathambo?

Yebo, empeleni kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zokuphuka kwamathambo, kuye ngokuthi amathambo aphukile kanjani kanye nohlobo lwezingcezu zamathambo eziphukile. Odokotela basebenzisa lolu hlobo lokuhlukaniswa ukuze banqume izinketho zokwelapha. Ake sibheke kafushane ezinye zezinhlobo eziyinhloko zokuphuka kwamathambo.

• Ukuphuka kwe-Greenstick:Lokhu kufana nokuphula iqabunga eliluhlaza, elimanzi, uhlangothi olulodwa luyaphuka kanti olunye uhlangothi luyagoba. Uhlangothi olulodwa kuphela lwethambo luphukile ngokuphelele, kanti olunye uhlangothi lugobile nje. Lokhu kuvame kakhulu emathanjeni ezingane ezincane, ngoba amathambo azo athambile kancane futhi aguquguquka kakhudlwana.
• Ukuphuka kwe-Buckle noma i-Torus: Lokhu kwenzeka lapho uhlangothi olulodwa lwethambo lugoba kancane ngaphandle, njengefindo elincane. Olunye uhlangothi aluphukile. Lokhu futhi kuyimbangela evamile yokulimala ezinganeni ezincane.
• Ukuphuka Kwethambo: Imisipha yethu inamathele emathanjeni ethu yizicubu ezibizwa ngokuthi ama-tendon. Ngezinye izikhathi, lapho i-tendon isuka ekunamatheleni kwayo ethanjeni, ingxenye yethambo ingaphuma ngesikhathi esifanayo. Lokho kubizwa ngokuthi ukuphuka kwethambo.
• Ukuphuka Kwepuleti Lokukhula: Njengoba izingane nabantu abadala abasebasha bekhula, kunezindawo ezikhethekile emathanjeni abo lapho zikhula khona isikhathi eside. Sibiza lezi zindawo ngokuthi amapuleti okukhula. Uma ithambo liphuka kwelinye lala mapuleti okukhula, kubizwa ngokuthi ukuphuka kwepuleti lokukhula. Lokhu kuyinto okufanele ikhathazeke kakhulu ngayo, njengoba kungathinta ukukhula kwethambo lengane esikhathini esizayo.
• Ukuqhekeka Kokucindezeleka: Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, lapho ithambo licindezelwa njalo, njengakwabagijimi, kungakheka ukuqhekeka okuncane ngaphakathi kwethambo. Lokhu akusikho ukuqhekeka okukhulu okungazelelwe, kodwa ukuqhekeka okuncane okukhula kancane kancane ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ngenxa yokucindezeleka okuphindaphindiwe.
• Ukuphuka Okuhlanganisiwe: Lokhu kuwukuphuka okunzima kakhulu. Lokhu kwenzeka lapho ithambo liphuka libe yizicucu ezingaphezu kwezimbili. Lokhu kuvame ukwenzeka ngemva kwengozi enkulu noma ukushaywa kanzima.
• Ukuqhekeka Kokucindezeleka: Lokhu kwenzeka lapho ithambo licindezelwa, lichotshozwa, futhi lilahlekelwa ukuphakama kwalo. Kufana nesiponji esicindezelwayo. Lolu hlobo lokuqhekeka luvame ukubonakala emathanjeni omgogodla, ikakhulukazi kubantu asebekhulile abanezimo ezifana ne-osteoporosis.

Lezi ezinye nje zezinhlobo eziyinhloko. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunezinye izinhlobo zokuphuka kwamathambo, futhi udokotela angakutshela kuphela ukuthi hlobo luni lokuphuka kwamathambo ngokubuka i-X-ray.

Kuzwakala kanjani uma siphula ithambo? Ziyini izimpawu?

Uma ithambo liphuka, lingabonisa izimpawu ezahlukahlukene. Ezinye zisobala kakhulu, kanti ezinye zingabonakali kakhulu.

• Ubuhlungu: Lolu uphawu oluyinhloko cishe wonke umuntu aluzwayo. Kunobuhlungu obukhulu endaweni lapho kwaphuka khona. Ngezinye izikhathi, ubuhlungu benza kube nzima ukuhambisa indawo ethintekile.
• Ukuvuvukala: Indawo ezungeze ukuphuka izoqala ukuvuvukala. Lokhu kuyindlela yemvelo yokusabela komzimba.
• Ukuphuka/Ukuguquka kombala: Igazi lingena ngaphansi kwesikhumba endaweni lapho kuqhekeke khona, okwenza indawo ibonakale iluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, onsomi, noma iphuzi. Kubukeka njengokulimala okukhulu.
• Ubunzima Bokuthutha:Ingalo ephukile, umlenze, noma elinye ilunga kungenza kube nzima ukulihambisa noma ukulisebenzisa ngendlela evamile.
• Ukukhubazeka: Kwezinye izimo lapho kwaphuka khona kakhulu, isitho singase selulwe futhi sibonakale simile ngendlela engavamile. Lokhu kuyisibonakaliso esiyingozi futhi kufanele ubonane nodokotela ngokushesha.
• Ukuphuka Okuvulekile: Ngezinye izikhathi ingxenye yethambo eliphukile ingaphuka esikhumbeni bese iphuma. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi 'ukuphuka okuvulekile' (noma ukuphuka okuhlanganisiwe) . Lokhu kuyingozi kakhulu ngoba kunengozi enkulu yokopha nokutheleleka.
• I-Crepitus: Lapho izingcezu zamathambo eziphukile zishayisana, umsindo ongajwayelekile, njengomsindo 'wokuqhekeka', ungase uzwakale lapho indawo ithintwa noma inyakaziswa .

Okubalulekile: Uma wena noma ingane yakho ninesinye salezi zimpawu noma ngaphezulu, ningazinaki njengokungathi niyinxeba nje. Funa iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha.

Odokotela bahlola kanjani ukuthi ithambo liphukile?

Uma uya kudokotela onethambo eliphukile, bazoqala bakubuze ukuthi kwenzeke kanjani nokuthi kubuhlungu kangakanani. Bese, bazohlola ngokucophelela ithambo okusolwa ukuthi liphukile. Bazobheka ukuvuvukala, izinguquko esimweni, ukunyakaza, kanye nobuhlungu uma bekuthinta.

Ngemuva kwalokho, i-X-ray iyalelwa ukuthi ithole ithambo liphukile yini, likuphi, nokuthi liphukile kanjani. I-X-ray ingabonisa izinto eziningi ngokucacile, njengokuthi ithambo liphukile kanjani, liphukile kuphi, nokuthi izingcezu zamathambo zisusiwe yini. Kwezinye izingcezu eziyinkimbinkimbi, i-CT scan noma i-MRI scan nayo ingenziwa.

Uwelapha kanjani amathambo aphukile? Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha?

Umgomo oyinhloko wokwelapha ithambo eliphukile ukubuyisela izingcezu eziphukile ndawonye kahle nokuzigcina zisendaweni yazo. Kulapho kuphela lapho ithambo lingaphola khona kahle. Kunezindlela ezahlukene zokwenza lokhu.

• Ukuphonsa: Lena yindlela evame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu. I-cast eqinile ifakwa engalweni ephukile, emlenzeni, noma kwenye ingxenye yomzimba. Lokhu kusiza ithambo eliphukile ukuthi liphole kahle ngokulivimba ukuthi linganyakazi. Ubude besikhathi okufanele i-cast igqokwe ngaso buxhomeke endaweni lapho iphukile khona, uhlobo lokuphuka, kanye nobudala bomuntu.
• I-Splint noma i-Brace: Ngezinye izikhathi, ikakhulukazi uma kunokuvuvukala okuningi ekuqaleni, kusetshenziswa isekelo esisuswayo (kungaba i-'splint' noma i-'brace') esingaqinile njenge-cast. I-cast ingasetshenziswa ngemva kokuba ukuvuvukala sekuphelile.
• Ukunciphisa: Ngezinye izikhathi ithambo eliphukile lingasuswa, izingcezu ezimbili ziqhubekele phambili naphambili. Uma lokho kwenzeka, udokotela uzozihlanganisa izingcezu ndawonye.I-plaster ifakwa ngemva kokuthi 'isethiwe'. Lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi 'isethi', futhi ngolimi lwezokwelapha ibizwa ngokuthi `(Ukunciphisa)`.
• Ukunciphisa Okuvaliwe: Kulokhu, izingcezu zamathambo zilungiswa ngaphandle ngaphandle kokusikwa kwesikhumba. Ngezinye izikhathi lokhu kwenziwa ngaphansi kwe-anesthesia elula (i-anesthesia), njengoba kungaba buhlungu kancane.
• Ukunciphisa Okuvulekile Nokulungiswa Kwangaphakathi (i-ORIF): Kwezinye izindawo eziphukile kakhulu, noma uma Ukunciphisa Okuvaliwe kwehluleka ukusetha kahle, kwenziwa ukuhlinzwa ukuze kususwe izingcezu zamathambo eziphukile bese zilungiswa ngaphakathi kusetshenziswa izintambo, amapuleti, izikulufo, namaphini.
• Ukuqina Kwangaphandle: Ezimweni zokuphuka okukhulu kakhulu, okuqhekekile, uhlaka lwensimbi ngezinye izikhathi lusetshenziswa ukubamba izingcezu zamathambo endaweni yazo.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, udokotela uzophinde anikeze imithi efana nemithi yokuqeda ubuhlungu kanye nama-antibiotic (uma kwenzeka ukuphuka kwamathambo okuvulekile).

Akumangalisi yini? Ithambo emzimbeni wethu liphola kanjani?

Ukuphulukiswa kwamathambo kuyinqubo emangalisayo neyinkimbinkimbi emizimbeni yethu. Ake sibheke ukuthi kwenzeka kanjani isinyathelo ngesinyathelo.

1. Ukwakheka kwe-Hematoma: Okokuqala, ngokushesha nje lapho ithambo liphuka, igazi liqala ukuhlangana eduze kwendawo yokuqhekeka, kwakha ihlule legazi (noma i-hematoma). Lokhu kuvikela indawo yokuqhekeka futhi kuqala ukuqoqa amaseli akhethekile adingekayo ukuze aphulukiswe.

2. Ukwakheka Kwe-Callus: Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa, izicubu ezintsha, ezithambile (`i-soft callus`) ziqala ukwakheka zizungeze izingcezu ezimbili zamathambo eziphukile lapho kwakukhona khona ihlule legazi. Lokhu kufana nensini, kuhlanganisa izingcezu ezimbili zamathambo eziphukile ndawonye. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi (emasontweni ambalwa), le ``callus`` ethambile kancane kancane iqoqa i-calcium futhi iba ``i-bony callus`` eqinile neqinile (``i-hard callus``) . Yingakho kuthiwa i-plaster ishiywa isikhathi eside. Vikela le ``callus``` kuze kube yilapho yakheka kahle futhi ithambo liqinile.

3. Ukulungiswa Kwamathambo: I-callus esanda kwakheka, eqinile ekuqaleni ingaba nkulu kancane futhi ihluke esimweni sokuqala sethambo. Kodwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi (izinyanga ezimbalwa, mhlawumbe unyaka noma emibili), amangqamuzana akhethekile emzimbeni wethu (ama-osteoclast nama-osteoblast) ayaphula leli thambo elisha, alivuselele, futhi alibumbe kabusha ithambo libe nesimo salo sokuqala. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi Ukulungiswa Kwamathambo.

Ngakho-ke ungabona, yeka ukuthi kuyinqubo emangalisayo kangakanani ukuthi ithambo liphole. Ukubekezela nesikhathi kubaluleke kakhulu kulokhu.

Ngakho-ke, masikhumbule lokhu! (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Ukuphula ithambo kuyinto eyesabekayo nebuhlungu kunoma ubani. Kodwa uma ungesabi, ukuqonde kahle, futhi uthole ukwelashwa okufanele, ngokuvamile kungaphulukiswa ngokuphelele.

• Lapho nje kuba nokusola okuncane kakhulu ngokuhlukana,Ungacabangi nje ukuthi kuwukulimala noma ukuklwebheka, bona udokotela ngokushesha. Uma ulinda isikhathi eside, kulapho kuzothatha isikhathi eside ukuphola kanye nezinkinga eziningi ongase ube nazo.
• Landela imiyalelo kadokotela ngqo, ikakhulukazi mayelana nobude besikhathi okufanele usigcine i-plaster (i-cast), imithi, kanye nokuzivocavoca. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ukuze ululame ngokushesha.
• Qaphela kakhulu ngokuphuka kwamathambo ezinganeni, ikakhulukazi lawo athinta amalunga (ipuleti lokukhula), njengoba kungathinta ukukhula kwazo esikhathini esizayo.
• Kuthatha isikhathi ukuthi ithambo liphole. Yiba nesineke ngalo. Nikeza umzimba wakho isikhathi osidingayo ukuze wenze umsebenzi wawo ngendlela efanele.
• Ngisho nangemva kokususwa kweplasta, ukwenza izivivinyo ze-physiotherapy njengoba udokotela esikisela kuzosiza kakhulu ekubuyiseni ukunyakaza namandla kulelo lunga.
• Uma unemibuzo noma ukungabaza, ungalokothi wesabe noma ungabaze ukubuza udokotela wakho futhi. Unelungelo lokwaziswa ngempilo yakho.

Ngakho-ke, qaphela! Uma kwenzeka ingozi, ungesabi, funa iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha.

Amathambo aphukile, ukwaphuka, ukwaphuka, ukwelashwa ngeplasta, ukuphulukiswa kokuphuka, ukwaphuka ezinganeni, inqubo yokuphulukiswa kwamathambo