Uma udokotela wakho ekutshela ukuthi udinga ukuhlinzwa kwe-laryngectomy, ukuhlinzwa kokususa ibhokisi lakho lezwi, ungase uzizwe wesaba kakhulu futhi ushaqekile. Ungase ube nemibuzo eminingi engqondweni yakho, njengokuthi "Ngizophinde ngikhulume kanjani futhi?" nokuthi "Kuzokwenzekani empilweni yami esikhathini esizayo?" Lokhu kujwayelekile kakhulu. Kodwa ungakhathazeki. Ake sixoxe ngakho konke kalula nangokucacile.
Kalula nje, kuyini ukususwa kwe-laryngectomy?
Ukususwa kwe-laryngectomy inqubo yokuhlinzwa esusa yonke noma ingxenye ye-larynx yakho (ibhokisi lezwi).
Cabanga nge-larynx yakho njengethuluzi elincane elisebenza ezindaweni ezintathu ezibalulekile. Litholakala ngaphezu kwe-trachea yakho (umphimbo womoya). Lixhumanisa izindlela zomoya ezivela ekhaleni lakho nasemlonyeni wakho namaphaphu akho.
Le larynx inemisebenzi emithathu eyinhloko:
- Ukukusiza ukuthi ukhulume: Izintambo zezwi ezikhiqiza izwi lakho zitholakala lapha.
- Ukusiza ukuphefumula: Imigudu yomoya emaphashini iyavuleka.
- Ukusiza ngokugwinya: Uma kugwinya, kuvikela ukudla ekungeneni ku-trachea.
Kungani umuntu engafuna ukwenza lokhu kuhlinzwa?
Kunezizathu eziningana ezenza udokotela angase ancome lokhu kuhlinzwa. Kuye ngokuthi isimo sakho sibucayi kangakanani, bangase banqume ukususa ingxenye kuphela ye-larynx yakho (i-Partial Laryngectomy) noma i-larynx yonke (i-Total Laryngectomy).
Bheka ithebula elingezansi ngezizathu eziyinhloko.
| Isizathu sokuhlinzwa | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| Umdlavuza we-laryngeal | Lena imbangela evame kakhulu. I-larynx kufanele isuswe ukuze kususwe amangqamuzana omdlavuza. |
| Ukuphuka kwe-laryngeal | Ukushaywa kanzima entanyeni engozini kungaphula amathambo e-larynx. |
| Umonakalo omkhulu | Uma i-larynx yonakaliswe ngendlela engenakulungiswa ngenye ingozi noma ukulimala. |
| Umonakalo obangelwa ukwelashwa ngemisebe (i-Chondronecrosis) | Lesi yisimo esingavamile kakhulu. Singabangelwa ukulimala kwe-cartilage ye-larynx ngemva kokwelashwa ngemisebe yomdlavuza. |
Kwenzekani ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa?
Kulungile, ake sithi usunqume ukuhlinzwa. Ngaphambi kwalokho, udokotela wakho uzokuxilonga kahle. Uzokwenza nokuhlolwa okumbalwa ukuze abone ukuthi umzimba wakho usukulungele yini ukuhlinzwa.
- Ukuhlolwa kwegazi: Ngokuvamile, kwenziwa izinto ezifana nokubalwa kwegazi okuphelele.
- I-X-ray yesifuba: Hlola isimo samaphaphu akho.
- Ukuhlolwa kwe-ECG (i-Electrocardiogram): Hlola ukuthi ukusebenza kwenhliziyo yakho kusezingeni elingakwazi ukumelana nokuhlinzwa.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, udokotela wakho uzokudlulisela kwabanye ochwepheshe abaningana, njengoDokotela Wezifo Zolimi Lokukhuluma kanye noDokotela Wokugwinya . Laba bantu bazokusiza ukulungiselela impilo ngemva kokuhlinzwa. Ngakho ungaphuthelwa yila ma-aphoyintimenti.
Uma ubhema, uzonikezwa iseluleko nokusekelwa ukuze uyeke ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa. Uzonikezwa neseluleko sokudla okunempilo ukuze sikusize ululame ngokushesha ngemva kokuhlinzwa.
Indlela ukuhlinzwa okwenziwa ngayo
Lokhu kuhlinzwa kwenziwa ngaphansi kwe-anesthesia ejwayelekile. Ngakho-ke ngeke uzwe ubuhlungu noma yini. Udokotela ohlinzayo uzolandela lezi zinyathelo:
1. Ukwenza i-incision: Okokuqala, udokotela ohlinzayo usika ngokucophelela isikhumba sentamo yakho.
2. Ukususwa kwe-larynx: Okulandelayo, kuye ngesimo sakho, ingxenye noma yonke i-larynx yakho izosuswa. Ngezinye izikhathi, ama-lymph node noma ingxenye yomphimbo wakho (i-pharynx) kungadingeka ukuthi kususwe.
3. Ukudala i-Stoma: Lolu ushintsho olukhulu kakhulu ngemva kokuhlinzwa. Udokotela ohlinzayo uzodala imbobo encane ngaphambili kwentamo yakho, exhunywe ngqo nomphimbo wakho. Lo mbobo ubizwa ngokuthi i-stoma . Ngemva kokuhlinzwa, uzophefumula ngale stoma. Ipayipi elincane (`i-laryngectomy tube`) libekwa ekuqaleni ukuze lisize ngalokhu.
4. Ukwenza i-TEP:Ngezinye izikhathi, udokotela ohlinzayo wenza imbobo encane phakathi komphimbo wakho (i-trachea) kanye ne-esophagus yakho (i-oesophagus). Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-`Tracheoesophageal Puncture (TEP).` Lokhu kwenziwa ukuze kufakwe idivayisi (`i-voice prosthesis`) kamuva ukuze ikusize ukhulume. Kodwa-ke, lokhu akufanele wonke umuntu. Kufanele ukhulume nodokotela wakho ukuze unqume ukuthi lokhu kulungile yini kuwe.
5. Ukuvala i-incision: Ekugcineni, i-incision ivalwa ngezitishi.
Ngemva kokuhlinzwa, ngokuvamile uzohlala esibhedlela isonto elilodwa noma amabili. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, ithimba lezokwelapha lizokunakekela kahle. Ezinsukwini ezimbalwa zokuqala, uzondliwa ngepayipi lokuncelisa. Ipayipi lizosuswa uma usukwazi ukugwinya uketshezi.
Ukhuluma kanjani ngemva kokuhlinzwa?
Yilokhu okwesabisa abantu abaningi. Yebo, ukuhlinzwa kuzosusa izwi lakho lemvelo. Kodwa lokho akusho ukuthi ngeke uphinde ukwazi ukukhuluma. Ungafunda izindlela ezintsha zokukhuluma, futhi uchwepheshe wakho wezokukhuluma angakusiza ngalokho.
Ngezansi kunezinye zezindlela eziyinhloko.
| Indlela yokuxhumana | Indlela esebenza ngayo |
|---|---|
| I-Prosthesis Yezwi | Uma kwenziwa imbobo ye-TEP ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa, le divayisi encane inamathiselwe kuyo. Ngemva kokuqeqeshwa, uzokwazi ukuqondisa umoya ovela emaphashini akho uye emphinjeni wakho bese wakha amagama analokho kudlidliza. |
| I-Electrolarynx | Lena idivayisi encane esebenza ngebhethri. Uma uyibeka entanyeni yakho bese uyicindezela, ungenza amagama ngokudlidliza okukhiqizayo. Nakuba kuzwakala sengathi kuyirobhothi kancane, kuyindlela enhle yokuqala ukukhuluma ngokushesha. |
| Inkulumo Yesisu | Le ndlela ayidingi mishini. Ihilela ukungenisa umoya ngomlomo, ukuwubamba emphinjeni nasemakhaleni, bese uwukhipha ngendlela elawulwayo ukuze wakhe amagama. Lokhu kudinga ukuzijwayeza okuningi. |
| Ukuxhumana Okungewona Amazwi | Ngesikhathi sokululama, wonke umuntu kudingeka asebenzise lezi zindlela. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukushukuma komzimba, ukushaya izindebe, isimo sobuso, ukubhala ngesandla, kanye nokuthayipha ocingweni noma kukhompyutha. |
Ziyini izingozi nezinkinga zokuhlinzwa?
Njenganoma yikuphi ukuhlinzwa, ukuhlinzwa kwe-laryngectomy kungaba nezingozi ezithile kanye nezinkinga.
Izingozi ezivamile
- Ukutheleleka
- Amahlule egazi
- Izimo zenhliziyo
- Ubunzima bokuphefumula
Izinkinga eziphathelene nokuhlinzwa
- Ukulimala ku-trachea noma i-bronchi
- Ukwehla komsebenzi we-thyroid
- Ubunzima bokugwinya ukudla, iziphuzo, nokukhuluma
- Ukuvinjelwa kokunyakaza kwentamo namahlombe
- Ukuxhumana okungavamile (ama-fistula) phakathi komphimbo nesikhumba
- Izinkinga ezihlobene ne-stoma
Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukululama nokuthi yini okufanele uyiqaphele?
Ngokuvamile kuthatha amasonto amabili kuya kwamathathu ukululama, kodwa lesi sikhathi singahluka kumuntu nomuntu, kuye ngokuthi umzimba wakho uyakwazi yini ukuphulukiswa kanye nobukhulu bokuhlinzwa.
Uma uke wahlinzwa ngenxa yomdlavuza, ungase udinge nezinye izindlela zokwelapha, njengokwelashwa ngemisebe noma ngamakhemikhali , ukuvimbela umdlavuza ukuthi ungabuyi. Kubalulekile futhi ukubona udokotela wakho ukuze akulandelele ngezikhathi ezihleliwe.
Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lizokufundisa ukuthi ungaphefumula kanjani, ukhulume, ugwinye, futhi unakekele kanjani i-stoma yakho futhi. Ukulandela le miyalelo kubalulekile ukuze ululame ngokushesha.
Isikhathi sokuthola iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha
Uma ubuyela ekhaya ngemva kokuhlinzwa, kufanele ubike ngokushesha noma yiziphi izimpawu eziphakamayo.
| Uzobona nini udokotela | |
|---|---|
| Khuluma nodokotela wakho: | |
| - Uma unomkhuhlane | - Uma kukhona ubomvu noma ubomvu eduze kwesilonda |
| Yiya eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (i-ETU) oseduze ngokushesha: | |
| - Uma unezinhlungu esifubeni | - Uma unenkinga enkulu yokuphefumula |
Ungalwi nemizwa oyizwayo uma utshelwa ukuthi kufanele uhlinzwe kanje wedwa. Khuluma nodokotela wakho, umndeni, noma umngane omethembayo ngemizwa yakho nokwesaba kwakho. Uma kudingeka, funa usizo lomeluleki. Futhi, ukujoyina amaqembu okusekelana nabantu abaye baba nokuhlangenwe nakho okufanayo kuzoba umthombo omkhulu wamandla.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ukususwa kwe-laryngectomy inqubo yokuhlinzwa yokususa i-larynx, ikakhulukazi yomdlavuza.
- Ngemva kokuhlinzwa, uzophefumula ngembobo ebizwa ngokuthi i-stoma eyenziwe ngaphambili entanyeni yakho.
- Ngisho noma ulahlekelwa yizwi lakho lemvelo, ungafunda izindlela ezintsha zokukhuluma ngosizo lochwepheshe bezenkulumo.
- Impilo yakho yengqondo ibaluleke njengempilo yakho engokomzimba. Ungesabi ukukhuluma ngemizwa yakho futhi uthole ukwesekwa okudingayo.
*Kukhona ithimba lezokwelapha elizinikele ukukusiza ohambweni lwakho lokululama. Landela iseluleko sabo.
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