Kudabukisa kangakanani ukubona umama wakho, ubaba, noma umuntu oseduze nawe ekhohlwa yonke into kancane kancane? Isifo i-Alzheimer's, esiqala ngokukhohlwa amagama nezindawo, nokungakwazi ukukhumbula ngisho nezinto ezincane, siya siba sibi kancane kancane ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Okwamanje akukho ukwelashwa kwalesi sifo. Kodwa-ke, manje sekukhona umuthi omusha obizwa ngokuthi i-Leqembi (lecanemab) onganciphisa ukusabalala kwalesi sifo ezigabeni zokuqala. Ake sixoxe ngalokhu kalula nangomusa namuhla.
Yini ngempela eyenziwa yilesi sidakamizwa esibizwa ngokuthi iLeqembi ebuchosheni?
Kalula nje, uLeqembi usiza abantu abasesigabeni sokuqala sesifo i-Alzheimer's ukuba benze izinto zabo futhi baphile ngokuzimela isikhathi eside.
Cabanga ngamaseli ezinzwa ebuchosheni bethu njengasemigwaqweni yedolobha. Ulwazi nezinkumbulo zihamba kule migwaqo. Esifweni i-Alzheimer's, uhlobo lweprotheni olubizwa ngokuthi 'i-amyloid beta' luyaqongelela bese lubekwa njengezinqwaba zemfucuza kule migwaqo. Lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi 'ama-amyloid beta plaques.' Le nqwaba yemfucuza ivimbela ukugeleza kolwazi phakathi kwamangqamuzana ezinzwa. Yingakho izinto ezinjengokulahlekelwa yinkumbulo, ukungakwazi ukucabanga, nokudideka kwenzeka kancane kancane.
Umuthi kaLeqembi wenza lokhu ngqo ngokuhlanza ubuchopho ngokususa lawa "ma-amyloid beta plaques ." Lokhu kunciphisa ukuphazamiseka kokuxhumana phakathi kwamangqamuzana obuchopho, kunciphise ukuqhubeka kwesifo.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi lo muthi awukwazi ukubuyisela inkumbulo elahlekile. Kodwa-ke, unganciphisa ijubane lokuqhubeka kwesifo futhi uvumele isiguli siphile kahle isikhathi eside.
Ungayithola kanjani le ndlela yokwelashwa?
Leli akulona iphilisi ongalithatha ekhaya. I-Leqembi umuthi owuketshezi ofakwa emthanjeni (ngokufakwa kwe-intravenous - IV) . Lokhu kwelashwa kunikezwa esibhedlela noma emtholampilo, ngaphansi kokuqashwa kwezokwelapha.
- Uhlelo lokwelashwa: Lo muthi uvame ukunikezwa njalo emavikini amabili.
- Isikhathi: Iseshini ngayinye ithatha cishe ihora. Kodwa-ke, yonke i-aphoyintimenti ingathatha isikhathi eside ngoba uzoqashwa ngaphambi nangemva kokunikezwa umuthi.
- Ukuhlolwa: Ngaphambi kokuqala lokhu kwelashwa, udokotela wakho uzokwenza iskena se-MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) ukuze ahlole ama-amyloid beta plaques ebuchosheni bakho. Ngesikhathi sokwelashwa, amaskena e-MRI nawo enziwa ukuze kubonakale ukuthi umuthi uyasebenza yini nokuthi unomthelela yini ebuchosheni bakho.
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuya emihlanganweni yokwelashwa njengoba nje kuhlelwe udokotela wakho. Ukuyeqa kunganciphisa ukusebenza kahle kwemithi.
Ubani ofanele lo muthi? Ubani ongafaneleki?
I-Leqembi akuyona imithi enganikezwa bonke abagulayo abane-Alzheimer's. Iqondiswe ngqo kulabo abasesigabeni sokuqala salesi sifo. Ake sichaze lokhu kabanzi kuthebula elingezansi.
| Isimo | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| Labo abafanelekela umuthi |
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| Labo abangafaneleki umuthi |
Izici zobungozi zofuzo
Abanye abantu bangase babe nesici esiyingozi sezakhi zofuzo esibizwa ngokuthi i-'homozygous apolipoprotein E gene.' Abantu abanalesi sakhi sofuzo basengozini enkulu yokuthola i-ARIA (echazwe ngezansi), umphumela omubi kakhulu womuthi. Ngakho-ke, udokotela wakho angase anqume ukwenza ukuhlolwa kwezakhi zofuzo ngaphambi kokuqala ukwelashwa, uma kudingeka.
Ingabe kufanele futhi siqaphele imiphumela emibi?
Njenganoma yimuphi umuthi, iLeqembi ingaba nemiphumela emibi. Nakuba eminye yale miphumela incane, kuneminye okufanele siyiqaphele ngokukhethekile.
| Umphumela ongemuhle | Incazelo nokuthi yini okufanele uyinake |
|---|---|
| Ukusabela okuhlobene nokufakwa | Kungenzeka uma umuthi unikezwa ngemithambo yegazi noma ngokushesha ngemva kwalokho. Izimpawu ezifana nomkhuhlane, ukubanda, izinhlungu zomzimba, ukushintsha kwenhliziyo, kanye nobunzima bokuphefumula kungase kube khona. Ithimba lezokwelapha lihlala liqapha lokhu. |
| I-ARIA (Ukukhubazeka Kokuthwebula Okuhlobene Ne-Amyloid) | Lona umphumela ongemuhle okufanele uwuqaphele kakhudlwana . Lokhu kungabangela ukuvuvukala okuncane noma ukuphuma kwegazi okuncane ebuchosheni. Abantu abaningi bane-ARIA ngaphandle kwezimpawu futhi iyazixazulula yodwa. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi kungaba yingozi kakhulu. Uma uhlangabezana nezimpawu ezifana nokudideka okukhulu okungazelelwe, isiyezi, noma ikhanda elibuhlungu elibi , kufanele wazise udokotela wakho ngokushesha. Odokotela bahlola njalo lesi simo nge-MRI scans. |
| Eminye imiphumela emibi evamile | Ubuhlungu bekhanda buvamile. Khuluma nodokotela wakho nganoma yiziphi izimpawu ezikukhathazayo. |
Ingabe ingasebenzisana neminye imithi?
Yebo, lowo ngumbuzo obaluleke kakhulu.
Uma uthatha imithi yokunciphisa igazi, njenge -aspirin, i-warfarin, noma i-apixaban (Eliquis) , kufanele utshele udokotela wakho ngalokhu. Ukuthatha le mithi noLeqembi kungandisa ingozi yokopha ebuchosheni (okubangelwa yi-ARIA).
Ngaphezu kwalokho, qiniseka ukuthi utshela udokotela wakho nganoma yimiphi eminye imithi, amavithamini, amakhambi, kanye nezithasiselo ozithathayo ukuze akwazi ukubona ukuthi lokhu kwelashwa kuphephile yini kuwe.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Leqembi ayilona ikhambi lesifo i-Alzheimer's. Iyindlela yokwelapha enciphisa izinga lesi sifo esiba sibi ngalo.
- Lokhu kwelashwa kungcono kakhulu kulabo abasesigabeni sokuqala salesi sifo, abanezimpawu ezincane.
- Lo muthi usebenza ngokususa ama-'amyloid beta plaques' aqoqana ebuchosheni.
- Ngesikhathi sokwelashwa, udokotela uvame ukwenza ama-MRI scan ukuze aqaphe imiphumela emibi efana ne-ARIA.
- Kubalulekile ukwazisa udokotela wakho ngayo yonke eminye imithi oyithathayo, ikakhulukazi imithi yokunciphisa igazi.
- Kubaluleke kakhulu ukwenza isinqumo ngemuva kokuxoxa ngokucophelela nodokotela wakho ukuthi ngabe lokhu kwelashwa kulungile yini kuwe nokuthi yiziphi izinzuzo nezinkinga zako.
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