Wake wahamba ehlathini noma waya phesheya wazizwa ungaphilile kahle, ushisa kancane, kanye nokuqubuka okungajwayelekile emzimbeni wakho? Sivame ukucabanga ngalezi zinto njengezinto ezivamile bese sizilahla. Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi ngemuva kwalezi zinto ezincane kungase kube nesifo esingakazwa kakhulu ngaso, kodwa kubaluleke kakhulu ukusazi. Namuhla sizokhuluma ngesifo esisodwa esinjalo, futhi leso yisifo se-Lyme.
Kalula nje, siyini isifo seLyme?
Isifo se-Lyme, ngezinye izikhathi esibizwa ngokuthi i-borreliosis, empeleni siwukutheleleka . Sibangelwa uhlobo oluthile lwe-tick (deer tick) olusilumayo. I-tick ithwala igciwane elibizwa ngokuthi i-Borrelia burgdorferi elingena emizimbeni yethu futhi libangele lesi sifo.
Cabanga nje, la makhizane mancane kakhulu, ngezinye izikhathi awakhulu kunembewu yesinaphi. Ngakho-ke singase singazi nokuthi anamathele emizimbeni yethu. La makhizane atholakala kakhulu ezindaweni ezinomswakama, ezinamahlathi emazweni anjengeMelika neYurophu. Ngakho-ke uma uya endaweni enjalo, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela lokhu.
Into ebalulekile ukuthi lesi sifo asiveli ngokushesha ngemva kokulunywa yi-tick. Ngokuvamile, uma i-tick ethelelekile inamathele emzimbeni isikhathi esingaphezu kwamahora angu-24 futhi ibilokhu imunca igazi, amabhaktheriya avame ukungena emizimbeni yethu.
Yiziphi izigaba nezimpawu zesifo seLyme?
Lesi sifo siqhubeka emizimbeni yethu ngezigaba ezintathu eziyinhloko. Izimpawu zingase zihluke esigabeni ngasinye. Uma lesi sifo sibonakala futhi selashwa kusenesikhathi, izinkinga ezinkulu zingavinjelwa.
Ake sibheke lokhu ukuze siqonde kahle lesi sigaba kanye nezici zaso ezihlobene naso.
| Isigaba salesi sifo | Izimpawu okufanele uzilindele |
|---|---|
| Okwasendaweni Kwasekuqaleni (Phakathi kwezinsuku ezingu-1-28 ngemva kokulunywa yizimpukane) |
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| Isigaba sesibili (Ukusatshalaliswa Kwasekuqaleni) (amasonto ama-3-12 ngemva kokutheleleka) |
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| Isigaba Sokugcina (Ngemva kwezinyanga) |
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Okunye okwengeziwe ngomonakalo we-"Bullseye"
Lolu uphawu oluhlukile kakhulu. Luqala njengebala elincane elibomvu endaweni yokulunywa yizimpukane futhi lukhula kancane kancane ezinsukwini noma amasonto ambalwa. Lungaba yindilinga, lunxantathu, noma lube yi-oval ngesimo. Lubizwa ngokuthi "i-bull's-eye" ngoba lunesikhungo esicacile kanye nendandatho ebomvu elizungezile. Kodwa khumbula, abantu abangu-2-3 kwabayi-10 abathola isifo se-Lyme ababi nalolu daba. Ngakho-ke noma ngabe lolu phawu alukho, uma unezinye izimpawu, kufanele nakanjani ufune iseluleko sezokwelapha.
Udokotela usithola kanjani lesi sifo?
Uma uya kudokotela, ucabangela izinto eziningana.
- Izimpawu zakho: Sizolalela ngokucophelela ukuze sithole ukuthi yiziphi izinkinga onazo.
- Umlando wakho: Kubaluleke kakhulu ukwazi ukuthi usanda kuhamba izintaba ehlathini noma uye ezweni lapho isifo seLyme sivame khona.
- Ukuhlolwa kwegazi: Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kungenziwa ukuqinisekisa lesi sifo. Lokhu kuhlola ama-antibodies awenziwe ngumzimba wakho ngokumelene namagciwane abangela isifo se-Lyme.
Kodwa nansi into encane. Kuthatha amasonto ambalwa ukuthi igciwane lingene emizimbeni yethu nokuthi kukhiqizwe ama-antibodies ukuze alwe nalo. Ngakho-ke uma wenza lokhu kuhlolwa ezinsukwini zokuqala, kungabonisa ukuthi awunaso lesi sifo (kungase kube negative).
Ngakho-ke, uma unalobo buhlungu obufana ne-"bull's-eye" futhi uke waya endaweni lapho kungenzeka khona ukuthi kube khona amakhizane, udokotela wakho angase angalindi ngisho nemiphumela yokuhlolwa kwegazi ukuthi ibuye ngaphambi kokuqala ukwelashwa.
Ilashwa kanjani? Ingabe lokhu kungelapheka?
Yebo, nakanjani! Ukwelashwa okuyinhloko nokuphumelela kakhulu kwalokhu ama-antibiotic . Ngokuvamile, udokotela unikeza imithi efana ne-'doxycycline' kanye ne-'amoxicillin'.
Ubude besikhathi osidingayo ukuthatha umuthi buzohluka kuye ngesigaba sesifo kanye nobunzima bezimpawu zakho. Ezigabeni zokuqala, kungadingeka ukuthi uthathe umuthi cishe izinsuku eziyi-10. Kodwa-ke, uma uhlelo lwezinzwa noma inhliziyo luthintekile, kungadingeka ukuthi uthathe umuthi isikhathi eside.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthatha umuthi onikezwe udokotela njengoba nje uyalelwe, ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa usuku olulodwa. Ngaphandle kwalokho, lesi sifo singase singalapheki ngokuphelele futhi kungase kuvele izinkinga kamuva.
Yiziphi izinto ezingathi sína ezingase zenzeke uma zingelashwa?
Uma isifo seLyme singelashwa ngokushesha, ukutheleleka kungasakazeka emzimbeni wonke futhi kubangele izinkinga ezinkulu.
- I-Arthritis: Ukuvuvukala kwamalunga kanye nobuhlungu obufika buphele kungavela ngokuzumayo.
- Isifo senhliziyo: Umsebenzi kagesi wenhliziyo uyaphazamiseka, okuholela ekushayweni kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile (i-Lyme carditis).
- Izinkinga zesimiso sezinzwa: Izimo ezinzima njengokuvuvukala kwezicubu ezimboze ubuchopho kanye nomgogodla (i-meningitis) kanye nokutheleleka ngamagciwane kobuchopho uqobo (i-encephalopathy) kungenzeka.
Ngakho-ke, uma unezinsolo ngisho nangesibonakaliso esincane kakhulu, kungcono ukubona udokotela.
Ungazivikela kanjani kulesi sifo?
Nakuba kunezindlela zokwelapha lesi sifo, kungcono ukusivimbela ngaphambi kokuba siqale. Kunezinto ezimbalwa ezilula ongazenza ukuze usivimbele.
- Izingubo: Uma uhamba ehlathini noma otshanini obude, gqoka amabhulukwe amade nemikhono emide. Faka iziphetho zamabhulukwe akho emasokisini akho.
- Isixosha izinambuzane: Faka isixosha izinambuzane esikhumbeni sakho nasezingutsheni zakho ukuze uvimbele amakhizane.
- Ukuhlolwa komzimba: Ngemva kokuphuma ehlathini noma endaweni efanayo, hlola umzimba wakho wonke kahle, ikakhulukazi ngaphansi kwamakhwapha, imbobo, phakathi kwezinwele, kanye nangemuva kwezindlebe. Hlola nezilwane ezifuywayo.
- Indlela yokususa i-tick uma ikhona:Uma uthola ikhikhi emzimbeni wakho, ungesabi. Sebenzisa ama-tweezers ukuze ubambe ikhanda lekhikhi eduze kwesikhumba bese ulidonsa kancane kancane phezulu. Ungalichobozi, uligcobe ngamafutha, noma ulishise ikhikhi. Ukwenza kanjalo kwandisa amathuba okungena kwamagciwane emzimbeni.
- Ukususwa ngokushesha: Ukususa ikhikhi zingakapheli amahora angama-24 kunganciphisa kakhulu ingozi yokuthola isifo seLyme.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Isifo se-Lyme siwukutheleleka kwamagciwane okudluliselwa ngokulunywa yikhikhi ethile.
- Nakuba uphawu oluyinhloko luwukuqubuka kwe-"bull's-eye" okufana nebhodi eliqondiwe, akuwona wonke umuntu okuqondayo. Qaphela futhi izimpawu ezifana nomkhuhlane, ukukhathala, kanye nekhanda elibuhlungu.
- Uma kwelashwa ngama-antibiotic kusenesikhathi, lesi sifo singalapheka ngokuphelele.
- Uma uzizwa ugula ngemva kokuvakashela indawo lapho kungase kube khona amakhizane, noma uma ubona isilonda esisolisayo, bona udokotela wakho ngokushesha.
- Ukuvimbela kungcono kakhulu. Gqoka izingubo zokuzivikela uma uya ezindaweni ezinamahlathi, hlola umzimba wakho, bese ususa amakhizane ngendlela efanele futhi ngokushesha uma uwabona.
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