Ingabe amehlo akho omile njalo? Ingabe ayaluma? Ingabe kungenxa yenkinga yezindlala ze-meibomian? (Ukungasebenzi kahle kwezindlala ze-Meibomian)

Ingabe ngezinye izikhathi uzizwa sengathi amehlo akho omile nje, sengathi kukhona okuthile ngaphakathi, noma ukuthi ahlala eluma futhi ebomvu? Ungase ucabange ukuthi lokhu kuyinto evamile, njengengcosana yothuli. Kodwa-ke, uma lezi zimpawu ziqhubeka, kungaba yinkinga ngezindlala ezincane zamafutha ezinkopheni zakho. Namuhla, sizokhuluma ngesinye sezimo ezinjalo, i-Meibomian Gland Dysfunction (MGD) .

Kuyini ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-meibomian gland (MGD)?

Kalula nje, i-Meibomian Gland Dysfunction (MGD) yilapho izindlala ezincane zamafutha emaphethelweni aphezulu nangaphansi ezinkopheni zakho (esizibiza ngokuthi lezi zindlala zeMeibomian) zingakhiphi kahle amafutha (abizwa ngokuthi i-meibum) adingwa amehlo akho. La mafutha abaluleke kakhulu ukuvimbela amehlo akho ukuba ome.

Cabanga nje, kukhona ifilimu yezinyembezi evikela amehlo ethu. Inezendlalelo ezintathu eziyinhloko:

1. Ingqimba yangaphandle enamafutha: Lokhu kwakhiwe ngamafutha avela kuma-gland e-meibomian. Lokhu kuvimbela ungqimba olungaphansi kwamanzi ukuthi lungashisi ngokushesha kakhulu.

2. Ingqimba ephakathi enamanzi: Lena yingxenye enkulu kakhulu yefilimu yokudabuka. Yiyona ngxenye eyinhloko emanzisa, yondle futhi ihlanze iso.

3. Ingqimba engaphakathi equkethe i-mucus: Lokhu kusiza ukugcina ungqimba lwamanzi lugcotshwe kahle ebusweni beso.

Manje usuyaqonda ukuthi amafutha avela kuma-gland e-meibomian abaluleke kangakanani? Ku-MGD, lawa ma-gland awakhiqizi uwoyela owanele , noma ikhwalithi yawoyela akhiqizwayo iyehla . Ngokuvamile, izikhala zala ma-gland ziyavaleka futhi uwoyela awukwazi ukuphuma. Lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi i-MGD evimbelayo .

Lesi simo singaba yinto yokuzalwa noma etholwe ngokutholwa. Singathinta kokubili abantu abasha nabadala.

Sivame kangakanani lesi simo?

Eqinisweni, i-MGD yisimo esivame kakhulu kunalokho ongakucabanga. Kulinganiselwa ukuthi cishe abantu abangu-35.8% emhlabeni banalesi simo. E-United States, cishe abantu abangu-70% abangaphezu kweminyaka engu-60 bane-MGD.

Ngokuvamile kuvame kakhulu kwabesilisa kunabesifazane. Ukusabalala kwayo kuyahlukahluka phakathi kwamaqembu ezinhlanga ezahlukene. Isibonelo, i-MGD ivame kakhulu kubantu bomdabu base-Asia kunakwabamhlophe.

Ingabe nawe unalezi zimpawu?

Abanye abantu abane-MGD ababonisi zimpawu. Kodwa-ke, uma uba nezimpawu, zingase zihlanganise:

• Amehlo ahlala eluma noma ezwa ukushisa .
• Amehlo abomvu noma abuhlungu .
• Amajwabu amehlo abukeka evuvukele .
• Amehlo ami ayaconsa ngeze.(Lokhu kwenzeka ngoba iso lomile, futhi iso liphendula ngokukhipha izinyembezi eziningi zamanzi).
• Umuzwa womzimba wangaphandle, njengohlamvu lwesihlabathi esweni.
• Umbono wami ubonakala ungacacile .
• Ama-styes nama-chalazion avame ukuvela ezinkopheni.
• Izinkophe zami zinezicucu noma izinto ezinamathelayo ezinamathele kuzo ekuseni.
• Uma usebenzisa ama-contact lens, kungaba nzima ukuwagqoka ngokunethezeka .

Cabanga nje, uNilanthi ungumuntu osebenza kukhompyutha ngaso sonke isikhathi. Kusihlwa, amehlo akhe aba bomvu futhi alume. Ngezinye izikhathi uzizwa sengathi kukhona okubambekile emehlweni akhe. Wayecabanga ukuthi kungenxa yokukhathala. Kodwa kwaba yilapho ebona udokotela kuphela lapho athola khona ukuthi une-MGD.

Kungani lokhu kwenzeka? Yiziphi izizathu?

Imbangela eyinhloko ye-MGD ukuvaleka kwezindlala ze-meibomian esikhulume ngazo ngaphambili. Lokhu kusho ukuthi uwoyela uqoqana ezimbotsheni zezindlala, ubhajwe, futhi awukwazi ukuphuma. Esinye isizathu ukuthi ikhwalithi yamafutha akhishwa yizindlala iyancipha .

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukusetshenziswa kwemithi ethile kungabangela i-MGD. Isibonelo:

• Eminye imithi yokwelapha i-glaucoma.
• Imithi equkethe ama-retinoids (asetshenziselwa induna).
• I-estrogen inikezwa ukwelashwa kokufaka esikhundleni sama-hormone.
• Imithi enciphisa amazinga e-androgen.

Ubani onamathuba amaningi okuthuthukisa lokhu? (Izici eziyingozi)

Izinto eziyingozi yizinto ezandisa amathuba okuthola isifo. I-MGD inezici eziningana ezinjalo eziyingozi:

• Ukuguga: Njengoba ukhula, ukusebenza kwalezi zindlala kungase kwehle.
• Imiphumela yama-hormone: Ikakhulukazi ukwehla kwe-androgen ye-hormone.
• Ukuba nomkhuba wokungezwani komzimba.
• Ukugqoka ama-contact lens: Ingozi iphezulu uma uwagqoka isikhathi eside kunesikhathi esinconywayo ngaphandle kokuwahlanza kahle.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma unezimo ezithile zezokwelapha, kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi ube ne-MGD. Le ngozi iphezulu kakhulu kubantu abanezifo ezihlobene nesimiso somzimba sokuzivikela.

Izingozi ezihambisana nobuthakathaka besimiso somzimba sokuzivikela

Abantu abanalezi zimo bangaba ne-MGD:

• I-Rosacea ( i-Rosacea ): Isimo lapho isikhumba siba bomvu khona futhi imithambo yegazi emincane ibonakala ebusweni.
• I-Sjögren's syndrome: Isifo sokuzivikela komzimba esibangela amehlo nomlomo owomile.
• I-Lupus: Isifo sokuzivikela komzimba esithinta izingxenye ezahlukene zomzimba.
• I-Psoriasis: Isifo sesikhumba esibangela amabala acwebezelayo.
• Isifo samathambo esibizwa ngokuthi i-rheumatoid arthritis:Isifo sokuzivikela komzimba esithinta amalunga.

Ezinye izimo zezokwelapha ezandisa ingozi ye-MGD

• I-blepharitis engapheli: Imiphetho yamehlo ihlala ivuvukele futhi ibomvu.
• I-Stevens-Johnson syndrome: Isimo esithinta kakhulu isikhumba kanye nolwelwesi lwamafinyila.
• Umfutho wegazi ophezulu.
• Amazinga aphezulu e-cholesterol egazini.
• Ukutheleleka kwamehlo, njenge -trachoma .
• I-Aniridia: Isimo lapho i-iris yeso ingekho ngokuphelele noma ingxenye yayo.

Yiziphi izinkinga ezingaba khona uma zingelashwa?

I-MGD akuyona nje iso elomile. Uma ingelashwa kahle, ingaholela ezinkingeni ezahlukahlukene. Ngakho-ke, akuwona umqondo omuhle ukuyishaya indiva.

Inkinga eyinhloko ukuthuthukiswa kwe -dry eye syndrome (isifo samehlo esomile) . Lokhu kusho ukuthi amehlo ahlala omile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izifo zobuso beso (i-cornea kanye ne-conjunctiva), njengokuvuvukala kwamehlo (i-blepharitis), zingavela.

Uma i-MGD ingelashwa, kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi ube nokutheleleka kwamehlo noma izimo zokuvuvukala . Uma wenza noma yikuphi ukuhlinzwa kwamehlo, i-MGD nayo isengozini yezinkinga ngemva kwalokho kuhlinzwa. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, i-MGD engalashwanga ingalimaza ngisho ne-cornea .

Udokotela uyixilonga kanjani i-MGD?

Umhlinzeki wakho wokunakekelwa kwamehlo uzoqala ngokukubuza ngempilo yakho, imithi kanye nezimpawu. Ngemuva kwalokho, uzokwenza ukuhlolwa kwamehlo okuphelele . Ngokusekelwe ezimpendulweni zakho, udokotela uzokwazi ukubheka ngaphakathi kwamehlo akho ukuze abone izimpawu ze-MGD.

Yiziphi izivivinyo ezenziwayo ngalokhu?

Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi une-MGD, udokotela wakho angenza ukuhlolwa okulandelayo noma ngaphezulu:

• Ukuvezwa kwamafutha: Udokotela uzocindezela ngobumnene amehlo akho ukuze abone ukuthi amafutha ayaphuma yini ezindlaleni, uma kunjalo, angakanani, nokuthi uhlobo lwamafutha luyini.
• Ukuhlolwa kwesikhathi sokuhlukana kwefilimu yokudabuka (TBUT): Kufakwa idayi ekhethekile esweni lakho bese ucelwa ukuthi ucwayize. Ngemuva kwalokho, kusetshenziswa isibani esinqunyiwe ukukala ukuthi kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuthi ifilimu yokudabuka ihlukane. Ngokuvamile kufanele kube ngaphezu kwemizuzwana eyi-10.
• Ukuhlolwa kwe-Schirmer (Ukuhlolwa kokunyenya kwe-Schirmer): Kulolu vivinyo, kufakwa imichilo emibili ekhethekile yephepha lokuhlunga phakathi kwejwabu lakho elingezansi neso lakho. Ngemva kwemizuzu embalwa, inani lomswakama elimuncwa yimichilo yephepha liyalinganiswa ukuze kubonakale ukuthi amehlo akho akhipha izinyembezi ezanele yini.
• Ukuhlolwa kwesampula yokudabuka (Ukusampula):Ezinye izivivinyo zingathola ukuthi yimaphi amaprotheni asezinyembezini zakho.
• I-Meibography: Lolu vivinyo oluthatha izithombe zezindlala ze-meibomian. Lusebenzisa amasu ahlukahlukene, njenge-infrared, i-optical coherence tomography (OCT), kanye ne-laser imaging. Lungabonisa ukuma kwezindlala, ukuthi zingaki zazo ezivinjiwe, nokuthi zonakele yini.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha lokhu?

Ukwelashwa kwe-MGD kuncike ezintweni eziningi, okuhlanganisa ukuthi isimo sakho sibi kangakanani, ukuthi yini esibangele, kanye nempilo yakho iyonke.

Izinto ongazenza ekhaya

Udokotela uqala ngokuncoma izinto ezimbalwa ezilula ongazenza ekhaya:

• Ukucindezela okufudumele: Cwilisa indwangu ehlanzekile emanzini afudumele, uyikhame kahle, bese uyibamba phezu kwamehlo akho cishe imizuzu emi-5. Lokhu kuzosiza ukukhulula amanye amafutha avalelekile futhi kuvumele ukuthi aphume kalula. Kungcono ukwenza lokhu okungenani kabili ngosuku.
• Ukuhlikihla amajwabu amehlo: Ngemva kokufaka i-compress efudumele, hlikihla amajwabu amehlo akho ngobumnene ngeminwe yakho, uwasunduze uwabhekise emashiya akho (phansi ukuze uthole amajwabu amehlo aphezulu, phezulu ukuze uthole amajwabu amehlo angezansi). Lokhu kuzosiza ukukhulula amafutha ezindlaleni.
• Ukuhlanzeka kwamehlo: Hlanganisa insipho encane ethambile, njenge-shampoo yengane, namanzi amancane bese uhlanza kancane imiphetho yamehlo akho (lapho kuqala khona amehlo akho). Noma, sebenzisa isihlanzi sesembozo esikhethekile esinconywe udokotela wakho.
• Ukuthatha izithasiselo ze-Omega-3: Ukuthatha izithasiselo eziqukethe i-omega-3, njengamafutha enhlanzi noma amafutha e-flaxseed, kungathuthukisa ikhwalithi yamafutha futhi kunciphise izimpawu ze-MGD. Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngalokhu bese uqala.
• Ukunakekela imvelo: Nciphisa ukuchayeka emoyeni onamandla. Nciphisa isikhathi osichitha ubuka izikrini ezifana namakhompyutha namafoni. Nika amehlo akho ikhefu ngezikhathi ezithile.

Ukwelashwa okunconywe udokotela

Uma ukwelashwa ekhaya kuphela kunganele, udokotela wakho angase asikisele ezinye izindlela zokwelapha, ezifana nalezi:

• Izinyembezi/Ama-Lubricant Okwenziwa: Amaconsi amehlo agcotshwayo angasetshenziswa izikhathi eziningana ngosuku ukunciphisa ukoma emehlweni. Aphinde afike ngesimo sejeli noma amafutha.
• Imithi yokulwa nokutheleleka: Uma kukhona ukutheleleka emajwabu amehlo, amaconsi e-antibiotic, amafutha okugcoba, noma amaphilisi anganikezwa. Amanye ama-antibiotic (isib. i-doxycycline , i-azithromycin) angasiza futhi nge-MGD.
• Imithi yokulwa nokuvuvukala esetshenziswa endaweni:Amaconsi amehlo, njenge-cyclosporine noma ama-steroids, angasiza ekunciphiseni ukuvuvukala kwamehlo. Lawa kufanele asetshenziswe kuphela ngaphansi kweseluleko sikadokotela.
• Ukwelapha izifo ezihlobene: Isibonelo, uma kuyisimo esibangelwa yizibungu (i-Demodex) ezihlala ezinkopheni, yelapha.
• Izinqubo zokuvula ama-gland:
• Amadivayisi afana ne-Lipiflow, i-iLux, ne-TearCare: Lawa afaka ukushisa okulawulwayo kanye nengcindezi emajwabu amehlo, ancibilikise izindlala ze-meibomian ezivalekile bese ezisusa.
• Ukuhlolwa kwe-Meibomian gland: Kufakwa ithuluzi elincane (i-probe) ezimbotsheni ze-gland bese kusulwa ukuvaleka.
• Ukwelashwa nge-laser: Ezinye izinhlobo ze-laser nazo zisetshenziselwa ukuvuselela lezi zindlala nokususa ukuvaleka.

Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukululama ngemva kokwelashwa? Uyini umbono?

Iningi lezindlela zokwelapha ze-MGD azidingi "isikhathi esiningi sokululama." Eqinisweni, udokotela wakho uzokutshela ukuthi uqhubeke nezinto ezifana nokwandiswa kwezinkophe, ama-compress afudumele, kanye nezithasiselo.

Kuphela uma uhlinzwa, kungathatha isikhathi ukuthi ululame ngokugcwele.

Umbono womuntu one-MGD uvame ukuba muhle , ikakhulukazi uma wenza lokho okudingeka ukwenze ukuze uphathe lesi simo. Kungase kudingeke ukuthi uhlale unemikhuba emihle yokuhlanzeka kwamehlo impilo yakho yonke.

Ingabe i-MGD ingavinjelwa? Ingozi ingancishiswa kanjani ?

I-MGD ayinakuvinjelwa ngokuphelele, kodwa kwezinye izimo unganciphisa ingozi yakho .

Asikwazi ukushintsha ezinye izinto eziyingozi, njengobudala nohlanga. Kodwa-ke, kunezinto ezithile esingazishintsha:

• Ukuphatha ezinye izimo zempilo: Lawula izinto ezifana namazinga e-cholesterol egazini kanye nomfutho wegazi.
• Lawula indawo okuyo: Gwema izinto ezibangela ukungezwani komzimba ngangokunokwenzeka. Gwema ukungcola okuningi ngangokunokwenzeka. Nciphisa isikhathi sokubuka isikrini.
• Ukuhlolwa kwamehlo njalo.
• Uma ugqoka amalensi okuxhumana, wasebenzise futhi uwahlanze njengoba udokotela wakho encoma.
• Gcina amehlo akho nezinkophe zakho zihlanzekile.

Yiziphi izikhathi ezinhle kakhulu zokuya kudokotela?

Uma unezinkinga ezihlobene nokubona, njengobuhlungu bamehlo noma ukubona okufiphele, qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela.

Uma uzwa ubuhlungu bamehlo obungazelelwe noma ulahlekelwa umbono, hamba uye egumbini lezimo eziphuthumayo esibhedlela ngokushesha.

Imibuzo ebalulekile okufanele uyibuze udokotela wakho

Ungase ube nemibuzo eminingi okufanele uyibuze udokotela wakho wamehlo. Ungase ubuze izinto ezifana nalezi:

• Yini ebangela ukuthi ngibe nalesi simo se-MGD?
• Hlobo luni lokwelashwa olunconywayo?
• Ingabe ikhona imiphumela emibi (izinkinga) kulezi zindlela zokwelapha?
• Ingabe lesi simo sibangelwa ufuzo? Ingabe kufanele ngicele wonke umndeni wami ukuthi uyohlolwa?
• Kufanele ngihlolwe amehlo kangaki?
• Ngingasebenzisa amalensi okuxhumana?
• Ingabe lesi simo se-MGD siyoke sibe ngcono ngokuphelele?

Ingabe lesi simo se-MGD sizophulukiswa ngokuphelele?

Kwabanye abantu, i-MGD ingaba yinkinga yokuphila konke , ikakhulukazi uma unesinye isimo, njengokuphazamiseka kwesistimu yomzimba, esingalawulwa kodwa singelapheki ngokuphelele. Kodwa-ke, uma siphathwa kahle, singaba yinkinga yokuphila konke.

Ungayisetha kanjani kabusha i-meibomian glands evalekile?

Ungasebenzisa amakhambi asekhaya njenge-compress efudumele kanye ne-massage ukusiza ekususeni ama-meibomian glands avimbekile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunezindlela namathuluzi odokotela abawasebenzisayo.

Izibonelo zalokhu yilezi:

• Imishini efudumeza amehlo akho futhi incibilikise i-meibum eyomile noma ejiyile.
• Imishini esebenzisa imisebe ye-laser ukungena ezindlaleni futhi isuse ukuvinjelwa.
• Udokotela ufaka amathuluzi amancane (ama-probe) ezindlaleni ukuze asuse uwoyela we-meibomian ovalelekile.

Okokugcina, izinto ezibaluleke kakhulu okufanele uzikhumbule

Kubalulekile ukuhlolwa kwamehlo njalo. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi udokotela angathola ezinye izimo zamehlo (njenge-MGD) ngaphambi kokuba ube nezimpawu. Amehlo omile ngezikhathi ezithile angase angabi yinto enkulu. Kodwa-ke, amehlo omile awalungile kuwe. Izindlala zakho ze-meibomian ziyingxenye ebalulekile yempilo yamehlo akho esiza ekuvikeleni amehlo akho. Ngakho-ke, uma une-MGD, kubalulekile ukuyixilonga nokuyiphatha kusenesikhathi ukuze uvimbele izinkinga ezinkulu. Uma unemibuzo ngalokhu, ungangabazi ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho wamehlo.

Amehlo omile, izindlala ze-Meibomian, i-MGD, isifo samehlo esomile, impilo yamehlo, ukungasebenzi kahle kwendlala ye-Meibomian, isifo samehlo esomile