Wake walalela ukushaya kwenhliziyo yakho? Lowo msindo onesigqi othi "lub-dub...lub-dub..." wenziwa lapho izingxenye ezincane ezifana nomnyango ngaphakathi kwenhliziyo yakho zivuleka futhi zivaleka. Sibiza lezi zicabha ngokuthi "ama-valve." Ngakho-ke namuhla sizokhuluma nge-valve ebaluleke kakhulu kulawa, i-"Mitral Valve," esebenza njengesango eliyinhloko elinika umzimba wethu impilo. Ukwazi ngalokhu kubaluleke kakhulu empilweni yakho kanye nempilo yabathandekayo bakho.
Kalula nje, iyini i-Mitral Valve?
Cabanga ngenhliziyo yakho njengendlu encane enamakamelo amane. Amakamelo amabili phezulu namakamelo amabili phansi. Igazi ligeleza phakathi kwala makamelo liye ohlangothini olulodwa. Ukuze lokho kwenzeke, iminyango ephakathi kwalawo makamelo kufanele ivuleke futhi ivalwe ngesikhathi esifanele. Isibonelo, i-mitral valve iyisango eliphakathi kwegumbi eliphezulu (i-atrium yangakwesobunxele) kanye negumbi elingezansi (i-ventricle yangakwesobunxele) ohlangothini lwesobunxele lwenhliziyo yakho.
Umsebenzi wayo oyinhloko ukuvula umnyango ukuze igazi elinomoya-mpilo lisuke emaphashini lidlule lisuka ku-atrium yangakwesobunxele liye ku-ventricle yangakwesobunxele. Bese kuthi, njengoba i-ventricle yangakwesobunxele ipompa igazi liye kuwo wonke umzimba, le minyango emibili ivaleke kahle ukuvimbela igazi ukuthi libuyele ekamelweni eliphezulu. Le nqubo yingakho wonke amaseli emzimbeni wakho ethola umoya-mpilo nezakhamzimba ezidingayo.
Kalula nje, i-valve ye-mitral iyisango lokuphepha elibaluleke kakhulu elivumela igazi ukuthi ligeleze ohlangothini olulodwa kuphela.
Le valve yenziwe kanjani?
I-valve ye-mitral iyisakhiwo esibucayi kakhulu, kodwa esiqine kakhulu. Inezingxenye eziningana eziyinhloko:
- Amapheshana: Inamapheshana amabili amakhulu enziwe ngezicubu ezincane. Lawa afana nezingxenye ezimbili zomnyango ezivuleka futhi zivale. Elinye likhulu kancane, elinye lincane. Lawa mapheshana amabili ayavuleka futhi avale ngokushaya ngakunye kwenhliziyo.
- I-Chordae Tendineae: Njengezintambo zeparashuti, lawa mapheshana amabili anamathele emisipheni engezansi yenhliziyo yinethiwekhi yezintambo eziqinile kakhulu nezincane. Lawa yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi ``(Chordae Tendineae)``. Ngaphandle kwalezi zintambo, amapheshana evalvu angawa emuva ngokungalawuleki.
- Imisipha Ye-Papillary: Lezi zintambo zibanjwe ndawonye ngamakholomu amabili amancane emisipha odongeni lwenhliziyo. Ndawonye, le misipha nezintambo zilawula ukunyakaza kwamapheshana e-valve.
- I-Annulus: Amapheshana amabili e-valve anamathele endandatho yezicubu eqinile enomumo we-D. Yilokhu okunikeza i-valve isimo sayo esizinzile.
Kungenxa yokuthi zonke lezi zinto zisebenza ndawonye futhi zihambisana ngendlela emangalisayo ukuthi ukugeleza kwegazi enhliziyweni yakho kubushelelezi.
Yiziphi izimo ezivamile ezithinta i-valve ye-mitral?
Ngezinye izikhathi, ngezizathu ezahlukene, i-valve ye-mitral ingaba yinto engasebenzi kahle. Ngemuva kwalokho inhliziyo yakho kufanele isebenze kanzima kunokujwayelekile ukuze ipompe inani legazi elidingwa ngumzimba wakho. Ake sibheke ukuthi ziyini lezi zimo.
| Igama lesimo | Kalula nje, yilokhu okwenzekayo. |
|---|---|
| Ukwehla kwe-Mitral Valve | Uma ivalvu ivala, amapheshana ayo amabili awavali kahle, futhi ashelela kancane aye ekamelweni eliphezulu (i-atrium yesobunxele). Kufana nomnyango ongavali kahle emoyeni. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lokhu kungabangela ukuthi igazi liphume kuvalvu. |
| Ukuvuselelwa kwe-Mitral Valve | Ngenxa yokuthi ivalvu ayivali kahle, lapho igazi likhishwa lisuka ekamelweni elingezansi (i-ventricle yesobunxele), elinye lalo livuza libuyele ekamelweni eliphezulu. Lokhu kufana namanzi avuzayo epayipini elivuzayo. |
| I-Mitral Valve Stenosis | Ama-valve flaps aba makhulu futhi aqine, futhi awavuli kahle. Njengesivalo somnyango esigqwalile. Lokhu kuvimbela igazi elanele ukuthi lingagelezi lisuka ekamelweni eliphezulu liye ekamelweni elingezansi. |
| I-valve ye-Mitral ene-orifice ephindwe kabili | Lokhu kuyiphutha lokwakheka elizalwa nalo. Esikhundleni sesikhala esisodwa ku-valve, kwakheka izimbobo ezimbili. Isikhala esisodwa noma zombili zingaba mncane noma zivuze. |
Kungani izinto ezinje zenzeka?
Cishe uyazibuza, "Kungani lokhu kwenzeka kula ma-valve?" Kungaba nezizathu eziningana zalokhu.
- Ukuguga: Njengoba siguga, njengezinye izingxenye zomzimba wethu, ama-valve enhliziyo angaba buthaka kancane kancane futhi aqine ngama-calcium deposits.
- Amaphutha azalwa nawo: Abanye abantu bangase bazalwe benephutha le-valve yokuzalwa.
- Umonakalo obangelwa ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo: Uma ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo kulimaza imisipha yenhliziyo, kungathinta nokusebenza kwevalvu.
- Izifo kanye nokungezwani komzimba: Izimo ezifana nomkhuhlane wamathambo, okwenzeka ngemva kokutheleleka komphimbo okungalashwanga, kanye nezifo ezithinta ulwelwesi lwangaphakathi lwenhliziyo, njenge-endocarditis, zingalimaza ama-valve.
- Ezinye izimo zezokwelapha: Izifo zofuzo ezithinta izicubu zomzimba ezixhumeneyo, njenge-Marfan Syndrome, nazo zingabangela ubuthakathaka be-valve.
- Ukwelashwa ngemisebe: Uma wathola ukwelashwa ngemisebe yomdlavuza esifubeni useyingane, kungase kuthinte nama-valve esikhathini esizayo.
Wazi kanjani ukuthi kunenkinga ngevalvu? Ziyini izimpawu?
Ezimweni eziningi, kungase kungabi nazimpawu iminyaka eminingi noma ngabe kunenkinga nge-valve ye-mitral. Kodwa-ke, njengoba isimo siba sibi kancane kancane, izimpawu ziqala ukuvela.
| Izimpawu ezivamile | |
|---|---|
| Umsindo wenhliziyo ongajwayelekile (i-Heart Murmur) | Umsindo ongavamile ozwiwa udokotela nge-stethoscope. Lokhu kuvame ukuba uphawu lokuqala lwesifo se-valve. |
| Ubunzima bokuphefumula (i-Dyspnea) | Ubunzima bokuphefumula, ikakhulukazi uma ukhathele, lapho ukhuphuka izitebhisi, noma uma ugobile. |
| Ukukhathala | Ukuzizwa ukhathele kakhulu ngaphandle kwesizathu. |
| Isiyezi noma ukuquleka | Ukuzumeka okungazelelwe noma ukulahlekelwa ukwazi. |
| Ubuhlungu besifuba | Ukuzwa ukuqina noma ubuhlungu esifubeni. |
| Ukushaya kwenhliziyo | Ukuzizwa sengathi inhliziyo yakho ishaya ngokushesha, ishaya ngamandla, noma ishintsha isigqi. |
Uma unesinye noma ngaphezulu salezi zimpawu, ungazinaki. Kungaba yinto evamile, kodwa kungcono ukubona udokotela ukuze uqiniseke.
Kwenzekani uma lezi zimo ziba zimbi kakhulu?
Uma izifo ze-valve zingelashwa kahle, zingabangela izinkinga ezinkulu ezingaba yingozi ngisho nokuphila .
- Ukuphazamiseka kwesigqi senhliziyo `(Arrhythmia)`
- Uketshezi olugcwalisa amaphaphu
- Ukwehluleka Kwenhliziyo
- Umfutho wegazi ophezulu wamaphaphu
- Isifo sohlangothi
- Ukuboshwa Kwenhliziyo
Ngakho-ke, uma uhlangabezana nalezi zimpawu, bona udokotela wakho ngokushesha okukhulu. Uzokwenza izivivinyo ezidingekayo futhi akutshele ngqo ukuthi unenkinga noma cha.
Yiziphi izivivinyo ezihlola impilo ye-valve ye-mitral?
Udokotela wakho uzobuza ngezimpawu zakho, akuhlole, futhi, uma kudingeka, akuthumelele izivivinyo eziningana ezifana nalezi.
- Ukuhlolwa kwe-Auscultation: Lokhu ukuhlolwa okuyisisekelo kakhulu. Udokotela angakuzwa ukushaya kwenhliziyo yakho ukuze ahlole noma yikuphi ukukhubazeka, njengokububula kwenhliziyo.
- I-Echocardiogram: Lesi iskeni esithatha ividiyo yenhliziyo. Singabona ngokucacile ukuma kwevalvu, ukunyakaza kwayo, nokuthi ngabe ivuza igazi noma iyancipha.
- I-Electrocardiogram (EKG): Ukuhlolwa okuqopha umsebenzi kagesi wenhliziyo. Lokhu kusiza ukuthola izinguquko esigqini senhliziyo.
- Ukuhlolwa Kokucindezeleka Kokuzivocavoca: I-EKG kanye nomfutho wegazi kuyaqashwa ngenkathi uhamba noma ugijima ku-treadmill. Lokhu kusiza ukubona ukuthi inhliziyo yakho ithintwa kanjani ukuzikhandla.
- I-X-ray yesifuba: Lokhu kungasetshenziswa ukuhlola ukuthi inhliziyo ikhuphukile yini kanye noketshezi emaphashini.
- Ezinye izikena: Ngezinye izikhathi izivivinyo ezifana ne-`(CT)` scan noma `(Heart MRI)` nazo zingadingeka.
- Ukufakwa kwe-Catheterization Yenhliziyo: Ipayipi elincane lidluliselwa ngemithambo engalweni noma emlenzeni liye enhliziyweni ukuze kulinganiswe ingcindezi engaphakathi kwenhliziyo futhi kuhlolwe ukusebenza kwayo.
Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha?
Uma kutholakala ukuthi unesifo se-mitral valve, ungesabi. Namuhla, kunezindlela zokwelapha eziphumelela kakhulu zalokhu. Udokotela wakho uzonquma ukwelashwa okungcono kakhulu ngokusekelwe ebunzimeni besimo sakho.
- Imithi: Imithi ehlukahlukene inikezwa ukulawula izimpawu nokuvimbela izinkinga. Isibonelo, imithi yokukhipha amanzi emzimbeni, esusa amanzi angaphezulu emzimbeni, imithi yokulawula umfutho wegazi, kanye nemithi yokulungisa ukushaya kwenhliziyo.
- Ukuhlinzwa nezinye izindlela:
- Ukulungiswa kwe-Mitral Valve: Noma nini lapho kungenzeka, odokotela bazozama ukulungisa nokulungisa i-valve yakho. Lena inketho engcono kakhulu.
- Ukufakwa Kwevalvu Ye-Mitral: Uma ivalvu yonakele kakhulu, iyasuswa bese ithathelwa indawo yivalvu yokwenziwa (eyenziwe ngensimbi noma ngezicubu zezilwane).
- Inqubo yebhaluni (Mitral Valve Commissurotomy): Ezimweni lapho ivalvu incishisiwe (stenosis), ibhaluni lidlula emthanjeni ukuze livule ivalvu encishisiwe.
Kulezi zinsuku, ubuchwepheshe buthuthukile kangangokuthi okuningi kwalokhu kuhlinzwa kungenziwa ngokusika okuncane kakhulu, ngaphandle kokuvula isifuba ngokuphelele. Ngakho-ke, ukululama kuyashesha.
Yini esingayenza ukuze sigcine ama-valve ethu enhliziyo ephilile?
Nakuba singenakukwazi ukuvimbela ezinye izifo ze-valve, singalondoloza impilo yenhliziyo ngokulandela indlela yokuphila enempilo.
- Gwema ukubhema ngokuphelele.
- Nciphisa ukusetshenziswa kotshwala kanye ne-caffeine.
- Lawula ukucindezeleka. Izinto ezifana nokuzindla kanye ne-yoga zingasiza.
- Gcina amazinyo akho nesikhumba sakho kuhlanzekile. Izifo ezingena emzimbeni ngalezi zingathinta inhliziyo.
- Lawula umfutho wegazi kanye namazinga e-cholesterol.
- Yidla ukudla okunempilo kwenhliziyo. Khetha ukudla okunamafutha agcwele kanye nama-trans aphansi.
- Hlala umatasa cishe izinsuku eziningi zesonto. Zivocavoce okungenani imizuzu engama-30 ngosuku, njengokuhamba ngezinyawo.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-valve ye-mitral iyisango elincane enhliziyweni yakho elibalulekile empilweni.
- Ungazinaki izimpawu ezifana nokuphelelwa umoya, ukukhathala okukhulu, ubuhlungu besifuba, noma ukushaya kwenhliziyo.
- Uma unesifo se-valve, landela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho ngqo futhi uye emitholampilo ngesikhathi.
- Ungakhathazeki! Namuhla, kunezindlela zokwelapha ezisebenza kahle kakhulu neziphephile zesifo se-mitral valve.
- Indlela yokuphila enempilo iyisipho esingcono kakhulu ongasinika inhliziyo yakho.
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