Izikhathi eziningi, abesifazane banamahloni kancane, mhlawumbe baze besabe nokukhuluma ngezinguquko endaweni yabo yangaphandle yezitho zangasese (i-vulva). Cabanga, noma ngabe ubona okuthile okufana nokulunywa, iqhubu elincane, noma ushintsho kumbala wesikhumba , kunezikhathi lapho ungakunaki khona, ucabanga ukuthi, 'Kuzolunga ngokwako.' Kodwa lezi zimpawu ezibonakala zincane ngezinye izikhathi zingaba uphawu lokuqala lwesimo esibi esingasiqapheli nhlobo. Ngakho-ke namuhla sikhuluma ngesinye isihloko esibaluleke kakhulu, umdlavuza wendawo yangaphandle yezitho zangasese, noma '(Umdlavuza We-Vulvar)'.
Kalula nje, uyini umdlavuza we-Vulvar?
Umdlavuza we-vulvar ukukhula okungalawuleki kwamaseli omdlavuza endaweni yowesifazane yangaphandle, 'i-vulva'. Lokhu kuhlukile kumdlavuza wesitho sangasese sowesifazane, okungumdlavuza owenzeka ngaphakathi kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane .
Kulungile, manje ake sibone ukuthi yini engeyalesi sitho sangasese sangaphandle (isitho sangasese sowesifazane).
- Ukuvulwa kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane : Umnyango wokungena komgwaqo osuka esibelethweni uye ngaphandle.
- I-Labia: Isikhumba esinamaqhubu amabili abukeka njengezindebe. Ingxenye engaphandle enenyama ibizwa ngokuthi ``Labia majora`` kanti ingaphakathi elimaqhubu amancane libizwa ngokuthi ``Labia minora``.
- I-clitoris: Iqhubu elibucayi kakhulu elimbozwe yisikhumba lapho i-labia minora ihlangana khona.
- I-Mons pubis: Indawo ethambile, ephakanyisiwe phambi kwamathambo e-pelvic embozwa izinwele ngesikhathi sokuthomba.
- I-Perineum: Isikhumba esiphakathi kwezitho zangasese zangaphandle kanye ne-anus.
Lezi zingxenye zingadala umdlavuza noma kuphi.
Ziyini izimpawu zalo mdlavuza?
Kungase kungabi nazimpawu ekuqaleni. Kodwa-ke, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, kungase kuvele izimpawu ezilandelayo. Hlola ukuthi unayo yini eyodwa noma ngaphezulu kwalezi.
| Isibonakaliso | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| Ukushintsha kombala wesikhumba | Ukushintsha kombala wesikhumba endaweni yangaphandle yesitho sangasese sobulili (omhlophe, obomvu, opinki, noma omnyama). |
| Amaqhubu noma ukukhula okungavamile | Ukuvela kwamaqhubu aqinile, aqinile noma okumila okufana nezimpaphe. |
| Ukulunywa okuqhubekayo | Ukulunywa okuqhubekayo okungekho muthi ongakuqeda. |
| Ubuhlungu noma ukuvuvukala | Ubuhlungu, umuzwa obuhlungu, noma ukuvuvukala kuleyo ndawo. |
| Ukuqina kwesikhumba noma izilonda | Ukuqina kwesikhumba, noma ukwakheka kwesilonda esivulekile esingapholi. |
| Ukopha okungavamile | Ukopha noma ukuphuma kwegazi okungajwayelekile okungahlobene nomjikelezo wokuya esikhathini. |
Khumbula, lezi zimpawu zingabangelwa nezinye izimo zezokwelapha, ngakho-ke ngaphambi kokuba wethuke, kungcono ukubonana nodokotela futhi uxoxe ngalokhu.
Ingabe zikhona izinhlobo zomdlavuza we-vulvar?
Yebo, kunezinhlobo eziningana eziyinhloko zalo mdlavuza.
- I-Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Lolu uhlobo oluvame kakhulu. Luqala emaseli esikhumba . Ikakhulukazi kwabesifazane abasebasha, lungaxhunyaniswa negciwane elibizwa ngokuthi i-`Human Papillomavirus (HPV).`
- I-Adenocarcinoma: Lolu hlobo luvame ukuqala ezindlaleni zikaBartholin, ezitholakala kuzo zombili izinhlangothi zomnyango wesitho sangasese sowesifazane. Ngezinye izikhathi lungase lubukeke njenge-cyst.
- I-Melanoma :Uhlobo lomdlavuza oluqala emaseli anika isikhumba umbala waso. Ngokuvamile luvela esikhumbeni esivezwe yilanga, kodwa aluvamile ukwenzeka endaweni yangaphandle yesitho sangasese sobulili.
- I-Sarcoma: Uhlobo lomdlavuza oluqala emaseli emathanjeni, emisipheni, noma ezicutshini ezixhumeneyo. Lungakhula kunoma yimuphi ubudala, ngisho nasezinganeni ezincane.
Yiziphi izimbangela kanye nezici eziyingozi zokuthuthukisa lo mdlavuza?
Imbangela eqondile yalokhu ayikacaci okwamanje, kodwa kunezinto ezithile ezingandisa ingozi yokuthola lo mdlavuza.
- Ubudala: Kuvamile kwabesifazane abaneminyaka engaphezu kuka-70 ubudala.
- Ukutheleleka nge-HPV: Ukutheleleka nge-'Human Papillomavirus (HPV)' kuyisici esiyingozi esikhulu.
- Ukubhema: Abantu ababhemayo basengozini enkulu, ikakhulukazi labo abanesifo se-HPV.
- Ukuncipha kokuzivikela komzimba: Ubuthakathaka bokuzivikela komzimba ngenxa yezimo ezifana ne-HIV noma i-AIDS.
- Izimo ezingaphambi komdlavuza: Izinguquko zamaseli ezenzeka ngaphambi komdlavuza, njenge-`Vulvar Intraepithelial Neoplasia (VIN).`
- I-Lichen Sclerosus: Isimo esibangela ukuncipha nokulunywa kwesikhumba endaweni yangaphandle yesitho sangasese sobulili.
- Eminye imidlavuza: Ukuba nomlando womdlavuza wesibeletho noma wesitho sangasese sowesifazane.
- Umlando womndeni: Uma othile emndenini eke waba ne-melanoma.
Dokotela, ukuxilonga kanjani lokhu?
Uma ubona udokotela, cishe uzokwenza ezinye zalezi zivivinyo.
1. Umlando Wezokwelapha: Udokotela uzobuza imibuzo mayelana nemikhuba yakho yezempilo kanye nezifo.
2. Ukuhlolwa Kwesitho Sangasese Sowesifazane: Kuhlolwa indawo yangaphandle yesitho sangasese sowesifazane, isibeletho, isitho sangasese sowesifazane kanye nezitho ezizungezile.
3. I-Colposcopy: Ukuhlolwa okujulile kwezindawo ezisolisayo ngethuluzi lokukhulisa (i-colposcope).
4. I-Biopsy: Inqubo lapho kuthathwa khona ingxenye encane yezicubu endaweni esolisayo bese ihlolwa ngaphansi kwe-microscope. Lokhu kuhlolwa kusetshenziselwa ukuthola ngokuqinisekile ukuthi ingabe inomdlavuza noma cha.
5. Ukuhlolwa Kwezithombe: Kwenziwa ukuskena okufana `(ama-X-ray, ama-CT, ama-PET scan, ama-MRI)` ukuze kutholakale ukuthi umdlavuza ususakazeke kangakanani.
Ziyini izigaba zomdlavuza?
Uma ukuhlolwa kuqinisekisa ukuthi kukhona umdlavuza, udokotela uzobheka ubukhulu besimila nokuthi ngabe sisabalele yini. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi 'ukulinganisa'.
| Isiteji | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| Isigaba I | Umdlavuza mncane futhi awukasabalali ngale kwendawo yangaphandle yesitho sangasese sobulili. |
| Isigaba II | Umdlavuza ususakazekele ezicutshini ezizungezile, kodwa awukafiki kuma-lymph node. |
| Isigaba III | Ukutheleleka kusabalale nasezindlala ze-sebaceous endaweni ye-groin. |
| Isigaba IV | Selisakazekele engxenyeni engenhla yesitho sangasese sowesifazane, i-urethra, i-anus, noma izitho zomzimba ezikude. |
Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha?
Ukwelashwa kunqunywa yizici eziningi, okuhlanganisa uhlobo lomdlavuza, isigaba sawo, kanye nempilo yakho iyonke. Kunezindlela ezine zokwelapha eziyinhloko.
1. Ukuhlinzwa
Lolu uhlobo lokwelashwa oluvame kakhulu. Luhilela ukususa umdlavuza kanye nezicubu ezizungezile. Uhlobo lokuhlinzwa olwenziwayo luncike ngobukhulu kanye nokusabalala komdlavuza. Kungase kudingeke ususe ingxenye noma yonke ingxenye yezitho zangasese zangaphandle (i-vulvectomy). Uma umdlavuza ususabalele, izindlala ze-sebaceous ezizungezile nazo zingasuswa.
2. Ukwelashwa Ngemisebe
Ukusebenzisa imisebe, njenge-X-ray enamandla aphezulu, ukubhubhisa amangqamuzana omdlavuza. Lokhu kungenziwa ngokuletha imisebe ngaphandle kusetshenziswa umshini noma ngokubeka imbewu encane enemisebe eduze kwesimila.
3. Ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali (Ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali / “Ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali”)
Ukunikeza imithi ebulala amangqamuzana omdlavuza noma ewavimba ukuba akhule. Le mithi inganikezwa njengamaphilisi, njengomjovo (IV), noma ngezinye izikhathi njengokhilimu osetshenziswa esikhumbeni.
4. Ukwelashwa nge-immunotherapy
Indlela yesimanje yokwelapha evuselela amasosha omzimba futhi isize umzimba ukulwa namaseli omdlavuza.
Kwenzekani ngemva kokwelashwa?
Ngemva kokwelashwa, kuzodingeka uqashwe njalo. Ngakho-ke , kuzodingeka ubone udokotela wakho njalo (ukuvakashelwa okulandelayo).Ukuhlolwa kufanele kwenziwe njalo ezinyangeni ezingu-3-6 eminyakeni emibili yokuqala, bese kwenziwa njalo ezinyangeni ezingu-6-12 eminyakeni engu-3-5 ezayo.
Ukwelashwa kungabangela imiphumela emibi. Kubalulekile ukugcina inxeba lihlanzekile ngemva kokuhlinzwa. Futhi, ukuvuvukala emilenzeni (i-Lymphedema), izifo zomgudu womchamo, kanye nobuhlungu ngesikhathi socansi kungenzeka. Yazisa ithimba lakho lezokwelapha nganoma yikuphi ukungakhululeki okutholayo . Bangakusiza ukuthi ukulawule.
Kujwayelekile ukuzwa izinga elithile lokungasebenzi kahle kocansi. Izinguquko emzimbeni, ubuhlungu, kanye neminye imiphumela engokomzwelo nazo zingaba khona. Ungabi namahloni okukhuluma ngokukhululekile ngalokhu nodokotela wakho, umhlengikazi, noma umeluleki.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ungalokothi ungakunaki ukulunywa okuqhubekayo, ukushintsha kombala wesikhumba, ubuhlungu, noma amaqhubu angavamile endaweni yangaphandle yesitho sangasese sobulili.
- Uma ubona noma yiziphi izinguquko ezingavamile, ungesabi noma ube namahloni bese ubona udokotela ngokushesha.
- Uma umdlavuza utholakala kusenesikhathi, amathuba okwelashwa nokwelashwa aphezulu kakhulu.
- Ukuzijwayeza ucansi oluphephile nokuthola umuthi wokugomela i-HPV kunganciphisa ingozi yalo mdlavuza.
- Ukuyeka ukubhema kubalulekile empilweni yakho iyonke, kanye nokunciphisa ingozi yakho yalo mdlavuza.
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