Ingabe othandekayo wakho, mhlawumbe umama wakho, ubaba, ugogo noma umkhulu wakho, unesifo i-Alzheimer's? Sonke siyazi usizi nokungabi namandla okuhambisana nokulahlekelwa inkumbulo kancane kancane nokukhohlwa ubuso obujwayelekile. Isifo i-Alzheimer's empeleni siyisimo esingaholela ekulahlekelweni inkumbulo, ukulimala kobuchopho ngisho nokufa. Nakuba kungekho ikhambi lalesi sifo, kunemithi engayinciphisa futhi inikeze isiguli impumuzo ethile. Namuhla sizokhuluma ngelinye lala maqembu akhethekile emithi. Leyo yi -NMDA Receptor Antagonists . Nakuba igama liyinkimbinkimbi kancane, masiliqonde kalula.
Indaba encane yamakhemikhali eyenzeka ebuchosheni
Ubuchopho bethu buyindawo emangalisayo. Buqukethe izigidigidi zamaseli ezinzwa, noma 'ama-neurons'. Lawa maseli acubungula ulwazi, akhumbule ulwazi, futhi atshele ezinye izingxenye zomzimba ukuthi zenzeni ngokuthumela izimpawu zikagesi nezamakhemikhali komunye nomunye.
Sibiza izithunywa ezithwala lezi zimpawu zamakhemikhali ngokuthi 'ama-neurotransmitter'. Esinye salezo zithunywa yi -'glutamate' .
Cabanga nje nge-glutamate njengesikebhe esithwala umlayezo ovela kwelinye iseli lemizwa uye kwelinye. Lesi sikebhe sidinga idoko elikhethekile ukuze siye kwelinye iseli kanye nedoko. Lelo dokhi yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi i-NMDA receptor (`N-methyl-D-aspartate` receptor. Uma isikebhe esibizwa ngokuthi i-glutamate sinamathela kule port ye-NMDA, sithumela esinye isakhi esibalulekile esibizwa ngokuthi 'i-calcium' esitokisini. Le calcium yiyona eqeda lowo myalezo futhi isisize sifunde futhi sikhumbule okuthile. Lena inqubo evamile ebuchosheni obuphilile.
Ngakho-ke kwenzekani ngesifo i-Alzheimer's?
Emangqamuzaneni obuchopho bomuntu onesifo i-Alzheimer's , kuqala ukukhiqizwa i-glutamate eningi kakhulu . Kwenzekani ukuthi i-calcium eningi kakhulu igeleza kulawo maseli ezinzwa. Cabanga ukuthi kwenzekani uma ugcwalisa ithangi lamanzi ngamanzi amaningi kakhulu? Liyachichima. Ngokufanayo, lapho i-calcium eningi kakhulu iqoqana ngaphakathi kwamaseli, lawo maseli aqala ukonakala. Lo monakalo yiwona okwandisa kancane kancane izimpawu ze-Alzheimer's.
Nansi indlela abaphikisi be-NMDA Receptor abasiza ngayo
Uhlobo lwemithi ebizwa ngokuthi ama-NMDA receptor antagonists lusebenza ngokunciphisa inani lezindawo lapho lezo zikebhe ze-glutamate ezengeziwe zingama khona ku-NMDA receptor. Okusho ukuthi, umuthi uvimba ezinye zezimbobo. Kodwa into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi le mithi ivumela imiyalezo ebalulekile ukuthi igeleze . Okusho ukuthi, ilawula kuphela ukungena kwe-calcium okubhubhisayo ngaphandle kokubangela ukuphazamiseka okukhulu ekusebenzeni okuvamile kobuchopho. Lokhu kunciphisa umonakalo kumaseli ezinzwa futhi kulawula isivinini sesifo.
Ekwelapheni isifo i-Alzheimer's, odokotela bavame ukusebenzisa imithi ehlose enye i-neurotransmitter ebizwa ngokuthi i-acetylcholine. Kodwa ama-NMDA receptor antagonists ayiqembu elibalulekile lemithi esebenza ngendlela ehlukile.
I-NMDA receptor antagonist eyinhloko evunyelwe ukwelashwa kwesifo se-Alzheimer's njengamanje yi -memantine (igama lomkhiqizo elithi `Namenda XR`). Ngokuvamile inikezwa odokotela ezigabeni eziphakathi kuya kwezinzima zesifo. Ngezinye izikhathi, i-memantine inikezwa kanye ne-`cholinesterase inhibitors` okukhulunywe ngayo ngaphambilini, ekhulisa amazinga e-acetylcholine. Lokhu kungaholela emiphumeleni engcono kwezinye iziguli.
Kodwa khumbula, le mithi ayisebenzi ngendlela efanayo kuwo wonke umuntu.
Masiqaphele nemiphumela emibi.
Njengayo yonke imithi, lokhu kungaba nemiphumela emibi emincane.
- Isiyezi yisona sibonakaliso esivame kakhulu.
- Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinto ezifana nekhanda elibuhlungu kanye nokuqunjelwa nazo zingase zenzeke.
- Akuvamile kakhulu ukuthi kube khona ukudideka ebuchosheni .
Uma wena noma isiguli sakho nihlangabezana nanoma yikuphi kwalokhu, kufanele wazise udokotela wakho ngokushesha . Akuyona neze into enhle ukuyeka ukuthatha imithi noma ukushintsha umthamo ngokwakho.
Eminye imithi kulo mndeni kanye nokusetshenziswa kwayo
Kuneminye imithi kulo mndeni ebizwa ngokuthi ama-NMDA receptor antagonists. Eminye yayo siyibona ekuphileni kwansuku zonke. Eminye iyingozi kakhulu, futhi isetshenziswa kabi njengemithi. Ososayensi bacwaninga futhi ngezinzuzo zalolu hlobo lwemithi kwezinye izifo zezinzwa, njengesifo sikaParkinson kanye ne-ALS (amyotrophic lateral sclerosis).
Ake sifunde kabanzi ngakho kusukela kuthebula elingezansi.
| Igama Lomuthi | Ukusetshenziswa okuyinhloko | Amaphuzu abalulekile kanye nezingozi |
|---|---|---|
| I-Dextromethorphan | Itholakala kuma-syrups okukhwehlela. | Ngokuvamile kuphephile, kodwa kungaba yingozi uma kuthathwa ngemithamo ephezulu. |
| I-Ketamine | Umuthi wokubulala izinzwa (wabantu nezilwane). | Isetshenziselwa ukuqeda ubuhlungu ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa. Kodwa isetshenziswa kabi njenge-"club drug". Ingabangela imibono engalungile kanye nemizwa yokuhlukana nomzimba. Ucwaningo luyaqhubeka ngokusetshenziswa kwayo ezimweni ezifana nokucindezeleka. |
| I-Phencyclidine (PCP) | Kusetshenziswa kabi njengesidakamizwa. | Ekuqaleni yasungulwa njengomuthi wokubulala izinzwa, yayekwa ukusetshenziswa ngenxa yemiphumela emibi emibi (ukungaqondi kahle, ukudideka). Umuthi oyingozi owaziwa ngokuthi "i-Angel Dust". Uhlobene nokuziphatha okunobudlova. |
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Nakuba isifo i-Alzheimer singelapheki ngokuphelele, imithi elwa nama-receptor e-NMDA njenge- memantine ingasiza ekuphatheni izigaba eziphakathi kuya kwezinzima zesifo ngokunciphisa umonakalo kumaseli obuchopho.
- Le mithi isebenza ngokuvikela amangqamuzana ezinzwa ekugcwaleni ngokweqile kwe-glutamate ebuchosheni.
- Njenganoma yimuphi umuthi, imiphumela emibi efana nokuzungeza ingavela. Xoxa njalo ngalokhu nodokotela wakho. Ungalokothi ushintshe umthamo noma uyeke ukuthatha umuthi wedwa.
- Lolu hlobo lwemithi, njenge-Ketamine kanye ne-PCP, lusetshenziswa kabi njengezidakamizwa futhi luyingozi kakhulu. Kunomehluko omkhulu phakathi kwalokhu kanye nemithi enikezwe isifo i-Alzheimer's.
💬 Comments (0)
No comments yet. Be the first to share your thoughts here.
Add Your Comment