Ingabe umyeni wakho, umkakho, noma othile ekhaya lakho uyahona kakhulu ebusuku? Ngezinye izikhathi, phakathi naleyo hona, uyayeka ukuphefumula ngokuzumayo, bese kuthi ngemva kwemizuzwana embalwa, uphefumulele phezulu bese uqala ukuhona futhi? Wake wazizwa wesaba uma ubona lokhu? Lokhu akuyona into okufanele uyithathe kalula. Lesi kungaba yisimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA), esikhuluma ngaso namuhla.
Kuyini i-Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA)?
Kalula nje, lokhu kusho ukuthi ngesikhathi silele, imisipha emphinjeni wethu ikhululeka kakhulu, inciphise noma ivimbe ngokuphelele indlela yokuphefumula.
Cabanga ngakho, uma silele, cishe yonke imisipha emzimbeni wethu iyakhululeka. Lokho kuvamile. Kodwa kumuntu one-OSA, izicubu ezithambile ezingemuva komphimbo (ulimi, ulwanga) ziyakhululeka kakhulu futhi zivimbele indlela yokuphefumula. Bese ukuphefumula kuyayeka imizuzwana embalwa, ngezinye izikhathi okungaphezu komzuzu.
Kwenzekani uma lokhu kwenzeka? Izinga lomoya-mpilo egazini liyehla kancane kancane. Lokhu kuthumela isignali ebuchosheni bethu, ithi, "Kukhona ingozi! Asikwazi ukuphefumula!" Bese ubuchopho, ukuze busindise izimpilo zethu, busivusa kancane ebuthongweni. Ngokuqondile, busiletha ebuthongweni obukhulu singene ebuthongweni obulula. Yilapho imisipha emphinjeni iqina futhi bese indlela yokuphefumula ivuleka. Bese sithatha umoya ojulile ngokuzumayo.
Lokhu kungenzeka izikhathi ezingamakhulu ebusuku. Kodwa inkinga ukuthi umuntu olele akakukhumbuli. Akazi ukuthi ubengaphefumuli kahle ubusuku bonke. Kodwa ngenxa yokuthi uhlala ephazanyiswa ngale ndlela, akalokothi alale kahle futhi aphumule.
Yiziphi izimpawu eziboniswa umuntu one-OSA?
Ezinye zalezi zimpawu zingase zingabonakali kumuntu olele, kodwa zibonakala kakhulu kumuntu olele naye (umlingani wakhe). Ake sibone ukuthi ziyini lezi zimpawu.
| Izimpawu ezibonakala ebusuku | Izimpawu ezizwakalayo emini |
|---|---|
| Ukuhona okukhulu kakhulu (okukhulu kangangokuthi kungazwakala ngaphandle kwegumbi). | Ukuzizwa ukhathele kakhulu futhi ulele usuku lonke. |
| Ukuyeka ukuphefumula ngesikhathi sokuhona. | Ikhanda elibuhlungu lapho uvuka ekuseni. |
| Ukuvuka ngokuphefumula okukhulu njengokungathi kuyamcina. | Ukungakwazi ukuvumelana nganoma yini kanye nokukhohlwa. |
| Ukujuluka ngokweqile ebusuku. | Izinguquko zengqondo ezifana nokuthukuthela ngaphandle kwesizathu, ukucindezeleka, nokukhathazeka. |
| Ukujikijela nokuphenduka ngokungalawuleki ngesikhathi sokulala. | Ukuncipha komsebenzi wocansi. |
Kuzwakala kanjani ukuhogela komuntu one-OSA?
Cabanga ngomlingani wakho elele. Ubelokhu ehona kakhulu isikhathi eside. Kungazelelwe, umsindo uyama... ukuthula okuphelele. Usaba, ucabanga ukuthi, "Kungani kungekho msindo? Angazi ukuthi uyaphefumula yini." Ngemva kwemizuzwana eyi-10, engama-20, mhlawumbe isikhathi eside nakakhulu, ngokuzumayo wenza umsindo othi 'hhhh', aphefumule, bese eqala ukuhona futhi. Leso esinye sezimpawu eziyinhloko ze-OSA. Lokhu kungenzeka izikhathi eziningana ebusuku.
Kungani kwenzeka i-OSA? Yiziphi izici eziyingozi?
Njengoba sixoxile ngaphambili, imbangela eyinhloko ukuthi imisipha yomphimbo ikhululeka kakhulu ngesikhathi sokulala, okuvimba indlela yokuphefumula. Kodwa lokhu akwenzeki kuwo wonke umuntu. Kunezici eziningana eziyingozi ezingathinta lokhu.
| Isici sengozi | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile (Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile) | Lesi yisona sici esiyinhloko esiyingozi. Njengoba isisindo somzimba sikhula, amafutha ayanqwabelana entanyeni nasemphinjeni. Lokhu kunciphisa indlela yokuphefumula. |
| Izinguquko zesakhiwo emzimbeni | Izimo zokuzalwa ezifana nomhlathi omncane ongezansi, ulimi olukhulu, noma amathonsi amakhulu noma ama-adenoid nazo zingabangela ukuvaleka kwendlela yokuphefumula. |
| Amafutha entamo | Amadoda anekhola elikhulu kune-intshi ezingu-16-17 kanye nabesifazane abanekhola elikhulu kunalelo basengozini enkulu. |
| Ukuguga | Njengoba amandla emisipha ehla ngokuguga, imisipha emphinjeni nayo ingakhululeka kalula. |
| Izimo zofuzo | I-OSA ingenzeka futhi nasezimeni ezithile zofuzo, njenge-Down syndrome. |
| Utshwala nokubhema | Ukuphuza utshwala kwandisa ukukhululeka kwemisipha emphinjeni. Ukubhema kungabangela ukuvuvukala emigudwini yomoya. |
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi i-OSA ingathinta noma ubani wanoma yimuphi ubudala nosayizi womzimba. Ngakho ungacabangi ukuthi, "Angikhuluphele, ngeke ngikuqonde."
Yiziphi izinkinga eziyingozi ezingaba khona uma lokhu kungelashwa?
Uma singakunaki lokhu njengokuyisiphazamiso nje, kungaholela ezinkingeni ezinkulu. Ukuntuleka komoya-mpilo emzimbeni ubusuku bonke kanye nokuphazamiseka kokulala kokubili kuthinta umzimba wethu wonke.
- Ukulala ngokweqile emini: Lokhu kuyingozi kakhulu. Ukulala ngenkathi ushayela noma usebenzisa imishini kungaba yingozi empilweni.
- Isifo senhliziyo: Ukuntuleka komoya-mpilo isikhathi eside kubeka inhliziyo enkingeni enkulu, okwandisa ingozi yomfutho wegazi ophakeme, ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo, ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo, kanye nokuphazamiseka kwenhliziyo.
- Isifo sohlangothi: I-OSA yandisa kakhulu ingozi yesifo sohlangothi.
- Isifo Sikashukela Sohlobo 2: I-OSA ikhulisa ukumelana komzimba ne-insulin, okwandisa ingozi yokuba nesifo sikashukela.
- Ukufa okuzumayo:Nakuba i-OSA engavamile kakhulu, enzima, engalashwanga ingaholela ekumisweni kwenhliziyo ngesikhathi sokulala ngisho nokufa.
Wazi kanjani ukuthi une-OSA?
Uma wena noma othile emndenini wakho enalezi zimpawu, into yokuqala okufanele uyenze ukubona udokotela . Udokotela uzokubuza ngezimpawu zakho futhi ahlole umphimbo wakho, umlomo kanye nentamo.
Bese, ukuze baqinisekise lesi simo, bazo-oda ukuhlolwa okukhethekile okubizwa ngokuthi isifundo sokulala . Lokhu kwenziwa ngezindlela ezimbili eziyinhloko.
1. I-Polysomnogram (PSG): Lena yindlela enembe kakhulu. Kulokhu, kuzodingeka ulale esibhedlela noma esikhungweni sokulala esikhethekile (elabhorethri yokulala). Lapho, ngenkathi ulele, amaza obuchopho bakho, izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo, iphethini yokuphefumula, izinga lomoya-mpilo egazini, kanye nokunyakaza komzimba kubhekwa ubusuku bonke ngezinzwa ezixhunywe emishinini.
2. Ukuhlolwa Kokuphelelwa Yisikhathi Sokulala Ekhaya (HSAT): Lokhu ukuhlolwa okulula okungenziwa ekhaya. Ungagqoka idivayisi encane enikezwa yisibhedlela ngenkathi ulele ekhaya. Ilinganisa izinto ezimbalwa eziyisisekelo, njengokuphefumula kanye namazinga omoya-mpilo. Nakuba ingenazo imininingwane njenge-PSG, ivame ukwanele ukunquma ukuthi une-OSA noma cha.
Icebiso elincane: Uma uqopha ngevidiyo ukuhogela komlingani wakho kanye nokuphelelwa umoya ngocingo lwakhe, ngemvume yakhe, ukuze angaboni, kuzoba usizo olukhulu ekuxilongweni kwesifo uma kuboniswa udokotela.
Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha lokhu?
Ngenhlanhla, i-OSA yisimo esingaphathwa kahle. Kunezindlela eziningana zokwelapha. Udokotela uzonquma ukwelashwa okungcono kakhulu ngokusekelwe ebunzimeni besimo kanye nesimo sesiguli.
- Izinguquko zendlela yokuphila:
- Ukwehla kwesisindo: Ngisho nokulahlekelwa ngu-5-10% wesisindo somzimba wakho kungenza umehluko omkhulu ezimpawini zakho ze-OSA.
- Ukushintsha indawo yakho yokulala: Uma ulala ngomhlane, ulimi lwakho luvame ukuwa luvale indlela yakho yokuphefumula. Ngakho-ke, kungcono ukulala ngohlangothi .
- Gwema utshwala namaphilisi okulala: Akufanele kusetshenziswe ebusuku njengoba kukhulula imisipha yomphimbo.
- Umshini we-CPAP (Ukucindezela Komoya Okuhle Okuqhubekayo):
Lena yindlela yokwelapha ephumelela kakhulu futhi esetshenziswa kabanzi ye-OSA.Lona umshini one-'mask' encane egqokwa ekhaleni noma ekhaleni nasemlonyeni. Okwenzayo ukunikeza umoya njalo ngengcindezi edingekayo ukuze sigcine izindlela zethu zokuphefumula zivulekile ngenkathi silele. Ngemuva kwalokho ukuphefumula kwethu akupheli. Nakuba kunzima ukujwayela ekuqaleni, abantu abaningi bayayithanda ngenxa yokulala okuphumuzayo ekunikezayo kanye nomuzwa wokusha emini.
- Izinto Zokusebenza Zomlomo:
Lena idivayisi eyenzelwe umlomo wakho ngudokotela wamazinyo. Uma igqokwa ngenkathi ulele, iyasiza ukugcina umhlathi wakho ongezansi ubheke phambili kancane, igcine indlela yakho yokuphefumula ivulekile. Ngokuvamile ifaneleka kubantu abane-OSA emnene kuya kwephakathi.
- Ukuhlinzwa:
Uma ezinye izindlela zokwelapha zingaphumeleli noma uma kunenkinga yesakhiwo emzimbeni, kunganconywa ukuhlinzwa.
- Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty (UPPP): Ukususwa kwezicubu ezisele ngemuva komphimbo.
- Ukususwa kwamathonsi/i-Adenoid: Ukususwa kwamathonsi noma ama-adenoid uma emakhulu.
- Ukuvuselela imizwa: Kufakwa idivayisi yokuvuselela imizwa emzimbeni ukuze kuvuselele imisipha egcina indlela yokuphefumula ivulekile ngesikhathi sokulala.
Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela?
Uma wena noma othile emndenini wakho enezimpawu ezishiwo kulesi sihloko, bona udokotela ngokushesha . Ikakhulukazi,
- Uma umlingani wakho ekhononda ngokukhonkotha kwakho nokuphelelwa umoya.
- Uma uzizwa ulele kakhulu futhi ukhathele emini.
- Uma uvuka ekuseni uphethwe yikhanda.
Isimo esiphuthumayo!
Uma ngokuzumayo uba nobunzima bokuphefumula, noma uba nezimpawu zokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo (ubuhlungu besifuba, ukujuluka) noma izimpawu zokukhubazeka (ukulahlekelwa amandla ohlangothini olulodwa lomzimba, ubunzima bokukhuluma), hamba ngokushesha eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) wesibhedlela esiseduze.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) ayikona nje ukuhona. Yisimo esingathinta kakhulu impilo yakho.
- Ukulala ngokweqile emini, ikhanda elibuhlungu ekuseni, kanye nokushintshashintsha kwemizwelo kungaba yizimpawu eziyinhloko ze-OSA.
- Uma ingelashwa, izinkinga ezinkulu ezifana nomfutho wegazi ophakeme, isifo senhliziyo, isifo sohlangothi kanye nesifo sikashukela zingavela.
- Kunezindlela zokwelapha eziphumelela kakhulu kulokhu, njengokunciphisa isisindo kanye nokusebenzisa umshini we-CPAP.
- Uma wena noma umlingani wakho ninezimpawu ze-OSA, ningazinaki. Qiniseka ukuthi ukhuluma nodokotela wakho.
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