Ingabe ingcindezi engaphakathi kweso iphezulu? Ake sixoxe nge-Ocular Hypertension!

Uma wake wahlolwa amehlo, ingabe udokotela wake wakhuluma ngengcindezi engaphakathi kweso lakho? Cishe uke wezwa ngesimo esibizwa ngokuthi "umfutho wegazi ophakeme emehlweni." Liyigama elesabekayo, kodwa akukho okufanele ukhathazeke ngalo. Ake sixoxe ngalo ngendlela elula neqondakala kalula, kulungile?

Kuyini ngempela umfutho wegazi ophakeme emehlweni?

Kalula nje, umfutho wegazi ophakeme emehlweni kwenzeka lapho ingcindezi engaphakathi kweso lakho, noma i-Intraocular Pressure (IOP), iphakeme kunokujwayelekile. Cabanga ngakho, amehlo ethu ahlala ekhiqiza uketshezi olucacile. Lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi "aqueous humor." Lolu ketshezi lugeleza luye ngaphambili kweso bese luphuma esweni. Lokhu kufana nendlela ithangi lamanzi endlini yethu eligcwala ngayo amanzi bese amanzi angaphezulu ephuma.

Ngokuvamile, inani loketshezi olungena esweni kufanele lilingane nenani eliphuma kulo. Kodwa-ke, uma ngesizathu esithile lolu ketshezi lungakwazi ukuphuma kahle, uketshezi luyanqwabelana ngaphakathi kweso futhi ingcindezi iyakhuphuka.

Ingcindezi evamile ngaphakathi kwamehlo ethu ilinganiswa ngamamilimitha e-mercury (mmHg) . Lokhu kufana nendlela ingcindezi yakho yegazi elinganiswa ngayo. Ngokuvamile, le ngcindezi kufanele ibe phakathi kuka-11 mmHg no-21 mmHg. Uma ingcindezi kwelinye noma kuwo womabili amehlo akho iphakeme kuno-21 mmHg izikhathi ezimbili noma ngaphezulu lapho uvakashela uchwepheshe wakho wokunakekelwa kwamehlo, ungase usolwe ukuthi une-hypertension yamehlo.

Uma lesi simo sikhona emehlweni womabili, sibiza ngokuthi "i-Bilateral Ocular Hypertension." Uma ingcindezi iphezulu esweni elilodwa kuphela, ibizwa ngokuthi "i-Unilateral Ocular Hypertension."

Ngakho-ke, ingabe i-'Ocular Hypertension' kanye ne-'Glaucoma' ziyinto efanayo?

Cha, lezi ezimbili zihlukile kancane. Kodwa kukhona ukuxhumana. Umfutho wegazi ophezulu emehlweni ungaholela esimweni esibizwa ngokuthi i-Glaucoma . I-Glaucoma yilapho umfutho ophezulu ngaphakathi kweso (i-IOP ephezulu) ulimaza i-optic nerve yakho. Le optic nerve yileyo exhumanisa amehlo ethu ngqo ebuchosheni futhi ithumele izithombe zalokho esikubonayo ebuchosheni.

Cabanga nje, kwenzekani uma lo mthambo ulimele? Yebo, uma i-glaucoma ingelashwa kahle, ungalahlekelwa umbono kancane kancane. Yingakho kubaluleke kakhulu ukunakekela 'i-Ocular Hypertension'.

Okubalulekile: Umfutho wegazi ophakeme emehlweni yisimo esingaba yisandulela se-glaucoma. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuyibona nokuyilawula kusenesikhathi.

Sivame kangakanani lesi simo esibizwa ngokuthi 'i-Ocular Hypertension'?

Empeleni lesi yisimo esivame kakhulu kunalokho ongakucabanga. Isibonelo, ezweni elifana neMelika, kulinganiselwa ukuthi abantu abaphakathi kwezigidi ezintathu neziyisithupha bahlushwa yilesi simo. Lokhu kusho ukuthi bonke basengozini yokuthola i-glaucoma. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela izimo ezinjalo ezweni lethu nokuhlolwa kwamehlo njalo.

Ubani osengozini enkulu yokuba ne-'Ocular Hypertension'?

Ake sibheke izinto ezibangela lesi simo. Ezinye izinto esingenakuzishintsha, isibonelo, ubudala nohlanga. Kodwa kunezinto okufanele siziqaphele.

Nazi ezinye izinto ezandisa ingozi yokuba ne-'Ocular Hypertension' kanye ne-glaucoma:

• Umfutho wegazi ophezulu: Lokhu kusho ukuthi umfutho wegazi wakho uphakeme kunojwayelekile.
• Umfutho wegazi ophansi (Hypotension): Umfutho wegazi ophansi kunojwayelekile nawo ungathinteka.
• Isifo Sikashukela: Le ngozi iphezulu kubantu abanesifo sikashukela.
• I-Extreme Myopia: Kulabo abagqoka izibuko, ikakhulukazi labo abanemithi kadokotela ephezulu kakhulu.
• Ukuncishiswa kwengxenye ephakathi ye-cornea yeso: I-cornea iyi-membrane evikelayo esobala ngaphambili kweso. Lokhu kungenzeka kakhulu kubantu abane-cornea encane.
• Ukopha ekhanda le-optic nerve.

Ezinye izimo zingase zandise le ngozi:

• I-Pigment Dispersion Syndrome: Lokhu kwenzeka lapho izingcezu ezincane ze-pigment ziphuka engxenyeni enombala yeso (iris), zivimba uhlelo lokukhipha amanzi.
• I-Pseudoexfoliation Syndrome: Kulokhu, izingcezu ezincane zezinto ezifana namaprotheni zinganqwabelana ngaphakathi kweso futhi ziphazamise ukuphuma koketshezi.

Ezinye izinto eziyingozi:

• Ukuba neminyaka engaphezu kwengu-40 ubudala.
• Ukuba nomlando womndeni we-glaucoma noma umfutho wegazi ophakeme emehlweni.
• Ukuba ngowomdabu wase-Afrika noma wase-Hispanic. (Nakuba lokhu kungabalulekile kangako eSri Lanka, kuhle ukukwazi.)
• Ukusetshenziswa isikhathi eside kwemithi ye-steroid (isb., eminye imithi ye-asthma, i-arthritis, njll.)
• Uke waba nokulimala kwamehlo noma wahlinzwa amehlo ngaphambilini.

Ingabe lokhu kunezimpawu ezikhethekile?

Lena yingxenye eyinkimbinkimbi mayelana nomfutho wegazi ophezulu wamehlo. Ngokuvamile, lesi simo asibonisi zimpawu . Ungase ungaboni lutho. Yingakho sihlala sithi ukuhlolwa kwamehlo okuvamile kubaluleke kakhulu. Kuphela uma udokotela wakho wamehlo ekwenza ukuhlolwa lapho ungabona khona ukuthi ingcindezi engaphakathi kweso lakho iphakeme.

Kodwa-ke, akuvamile kakhulu , abanye abantu bangase bazizwe ubuhlungu obuncane lapho behambisa amehlo abo noma bethinta amehlo abo.

Nakuba ezinye izinkinga zamehlo zingabangela ikhanda elibuhlungu kanye nesiyezi, lokhu akuvamile kakhulu ekwelashweni kwengcindezi yegazi.

Kungani ingcindezi engaphakathi kweso ikhuphuka? Ziyini izimbangela?

Kunezimbangela ezimbili eziyinhloko ze-'Ocular Hypertension'. Esinye ukuthi uketshezi olungaphakathi kweso olubizwa ngokuthi 'Aqueous Humor' esikhulume ngalo ngaphambili lukhiqizwa ngokweqile. Esinye ukuthi kukhona ukuvaleka noma enye inkinga endleleni uketshezi oluphuma ngayo esweni, okungukuthi, i-'Anterior Chamber Angle' . Le 'drainage angle' itholakala ngaphambili kweso, phakathi kwe-iris ne-cornea.

Kwenzekani uma le ndlela yokukhipha amanzi ivalekile? Uketshezi luyanqwabelana futhi ingcindezi iyakhuphuka. Kunezizathu eziningana zokuthi kungani lokhu kungenzeka:

• I-engeli yokukhipha amanzi ingase ivalwe.
• Ngisho noma igumbi elingaphambili livulekile, uketshezi lungase lungaphumi kahle.
• Lezo zingcezu ze-pigment noma izingcezu zeprotheni okukhulunywe ngazo ngaphambili zibambeke lapho uketshezi luphuma khona.
• Indlela ingase ivinjwe yinto efana nomdlavuza wamehlo.
• Kungase futhi kubangelwe umonakalo wamehlo wangaphambilini.

Ingabe ukucindezeleka kungaphinde kubangele ukwanda kokucindezeleka kwamehlo?

Yebo, lokhu kubalulekile. Ucwaningo lwamuva nje luthole ukuthi ukucindezeleka, noma ukucindezeleka kwengqondo, kungandisa nokucindezeleka kwamehlo. Ngakho-ke, ukunakekela impilo yakho yengqondo nakho kuhle emehlweni akho.

Odokotela bakuthola kanjani lokhu? (Ukuxilongwa)

Udokotela wakho wamehlo uzoqala ngokukuhlolela amehlo ngokuphelele. Uma esola ukuthi une-hypertension yamehlo, angase akucele ukuthi uhlolwe ezinye izivivinyo ezikhethekile. Lokhu kufaka phakathi:

• I-Gonioscopy: Lokhu kuhlolwa kuhlola ukusebenza kohlelo lokukhipha uketshezi ngaphakathi kweso lakho (i-angle yangaphambili yegumbi). Kusebenzisa ilensi ekhethekile kanye ne-microscope ebizwa ngokuthi isibani esiqhekekile .
• I-Pachymetry: Lokhu kulinganisa ubukhulu be-cornea yakho, njengoba ubukhulu be-cornea buthinta ingcindezi engaphakathi kweso.
• I-Tonometry: Lolu uhlobo lokuhlolwa olulinganisa ngqo ingcindezi ngaphakathi kweso (IOP). Cishe uke wahlolwa amehlo lapho uzwa khona umoya uvunguza esweni lakho, akunjalo? Kunjalo.
• Ukuhlolwa Kwensimu Yokubona: Lokhu kuhlola insimu yakho yokubona, okusho ukuthi ungabona kude kangakanani nokuthi ungabona yini izinto emaceleni. Le nsimu yokubona ingancishiswa ezimweni ezifana ne-glaucoma.
• I-Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT): Lolu vivinyo oluthuthuke kakhulu. Lungahlola ngokunembile impilo yamaseli ezinzwa ze-optic, okusho ukuthi alimele yini.

Kungemva kwalokhu kuhlolwa kuphela lapho ungabona khona ngokunembile ukuthi une-hypertension yamehlo noma ukuthi unesifo se-glaucoma.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha umfutho wegazi ophakeme emehlweni?

Ngezinye izikhathi, uma isimo sakho singesibi kakhulu, udokotela angase anqume ukukhuluma nawe futhi akucele ukuthi uze uzohlolwa amehlo njalo ukuze aqaphe isimo.

Kodwa-ke, uma unquma ukuthi udinga ukwehlisa ukucindezeleka kwakho, udokotela wakho angase akunike amaconsi amehlo . Bazokutshela nokuthi uhlale ubuyela ukuzohlola ukucindezeleka kwakho ngezikhathi ezithile.

Kunezinhlobo eziningana zemithi enciphisa ukucindezeleka ngaphakathi kweso:

• Ama-Prostaglandin: Le mithi inikezwa kanye ngosuku futhi isebenza ngokwandisa inani loketshezi oluphuma esweni.
• Ama-Beta-blocker: Lawa anganikezwa kanye noma kabili ngosuku. Anciphisa inani loketshezi olukhiqizwa ngaphakathi kweso.
• Ama-agonist e-Alpha-adrenergic: Lawa anganikezwa kabili noma kathathu ngosuku. Asebenza ngokunciphisa ukukhiqizwa koketshezi ngenkathi ekhulisa ukuphuma koketshezi.
• Ama-Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors: Le mithi inciphisa nokukhiqizwa koketshezi. Inikezwa kabili kuya kathathu ngosuku.
• I-Rho Kinase Inhibitor: Lo muthi othathwa kanye ngosuku unciphisa nokukhiqizwa koketshezi.
• Ama-Miotic noma ama-Cholinergic Agent: Lawa kufanele asetshenziswe cishe izikhathi ezine ngosuku. Nakuba ayesetshenziswa kakhulu esikhathini esidlule, awasanikezwa njalo. Asebenza ngokwandisa ukuphuma koketshezi oluvela esweni.

Sicela uqaphele: Njengayo yonke imithi, abanye abantu bangase babe nemiphumela emibi evela kule mithi yamehlo. Isibonelo, ukubomvu kwamehlo, ukulunywa, nokusha. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukulandela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho ngqo.

Ngezinye izikhathi, uma le mithi ingalawuli ingcindezi, ungadinga ukuhlinzwa ukuze wehlise ingcindezi engaphakathi kweso lakho. Olunye uhlobo i- laser trabeculoplasty . Lokhu kusebenzisa i-laser beam ukuvula ukuvaleka ohlelweni lokukhipha amanzi.

Ngingayinciphisa yini ingozi yami yokuba nomfutho wegazi ophakeme emehlweni?

Esikhathini esiningi, izici eziyingozi zokuba nomfutho wegazi ophakeme emehlweni yizinto esingenakuzishintsha (isib. ubudala, umlando womndeni). Kodwa-ke, kunezinto esingazenza ukuze sigcine amehlo ethu ephilile. Lezi zibalulekile empilweni yakho iyonke kanye nempilo yamehlo akho.

Ukuhlolwa kwamehlo

Lena yinto ebaluleke kakhulu . Ungaphuthelwa ukubona udokotela wamehlo njalo nokuhlolwa kwamehlo akho. Uma kunenkinga , kungcono ukuyibona kusenesikhathi .

Ukubhema

Ungabhemi. Ukubhema kubi kakhulu emehlweni akho. Uma ubhema, khuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nokuthola usizo lokuyeka.

Amathiphu engeziwe okuvikela impilo yamehlo

• Sebenzisa izibuko zelanga: Ikakhulukazi uma uphuma elangeni elinamandla.
• Gqoka izibuko zokuzivikela: Uma wenza noma yimuphi umsebenzi (isib. ukusebenza ngokhuni, ukugaya) noma ukudlala imidlalo ethinta inhliziyo.
• Qaphela izifo zamehlo emndenini wakho: izifo ezifana ne-glaucoma kanye nokuwohloka kwe-macular .
• Nika amehlo akho ikhefu uma uchitha isikhathi esiningi ubheka amakhompyutha namafoni.
• Qaphela izifo zamehlo: ikakhulukazi uma ugqoka ama-contact lens .

Impilo iyonke

Ukugcina umzimba wakho wonke uphilile nakho kuyasiza ekuvikeleni amehlo akho.

• Yidla ukudla okunempilo nokunomsoco. Faka imifino eluhlaza okotshani (njengesipinashi, i-kale, kanye nemifino eluhlaza okotshani) kanye nenhlanzi ecebile ngama -fatty acid e-omega-3 (njenge-salmon, i-tuna, kanye ne-mackerel).
• Hlala umatasa. Ukuzivocavoca umzimba kusiza nasekuvikeleni kwezinye izifo.
• Lawula umfutho wegazi lakho, amazinga e-cholesterol, kanye namazinga kashukela egazini.
• Thola izindlela zokunciphisa ukucindezeleka. Izinto ezifana ne-yoga, ukuzindla, noma ukuzivocavoca nazo ziyizindlela ezinhle zokunciphisa ukucindezeleka.

Yini okufanele ngiyilindele uma ngine-Ocular Hypertension?

Umfutho wegazi ophakeme emehlweni awukwazi ukwelapheka ngokuphelele. Kodwa-ke, udokotela wakho angelapha futhi aqaphe lesi simo.

Abantu abane-'Ocular Hypertension' basengozini enkulu yokuthola i-glaucoma. Kodwa-ke, akubona bonke abane-'Ocular Hypertension' abazoba ne-glaucoma . Khumbula lokho. Uma ulandela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho kahle, ungavimbela noma ubambezele ukuthuthukiswa kwe-glaucoma.

Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela mayelana nomfutho wegazi ophezulu wamehlo?

Vakashela udokotela wakho kaningi ngangokunokwenzeka njengoba ekutshela. Futhi, uma uzwa ukungakhululeki kwamehlo okungavamile, ubuhlungu, noma ukungakhululeki okungapheli, qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela wakho wamehlo . Futhi, tshela udokotela wakho ngokushesha uma uthola noma yiziphi izimpawu zamehlo ezintsha noma uma uphawu olukhona luba lubi kakhulu.

Nakuba kubalulekile ukuthi wonke umuntu ahlolwe amehlo njalo, kubaluleke kakhulu uma une-Ocular Hypertension. Kubalulekile futhi ukuthatha imithi udokotela wakho ayinikezayo njengoba ekutshela. Ngokunakekelwa okufanele, ungavimbela i-Ocular Hypertension ukuthi ibe yimbi kakhulu, ilimaze i-optic nerve, futhi ibangele ukulahlekelwa umbono.

Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya Ovela Kulokho Esikushilo

Kulungile, ake sibheke ezinye zezinto ezibaluleke kakhulu okudingeka uzikhumbule kulokho esixoxe ngakho mayelana 'nomfutho wegazi ophezulu wamehlo':

• Umfutho wegazi ophezulu wamehlo ukwanda kokucindezeleka ngaphakathi kweso . Ngokuvamile akubangeli zimpawu .
• Lesi simo singaholela esifweni esiyingozi esibizwa ngokuthi i-glaucoma . I-glaucoma ingaholela nasekulahlekelweni umbono.
• Ukuhlolwa kwamehlo njalo kuyindlela engcono kakhulu yokubona lokhu kusenesikhathi.
• Uma udokotela wakho ekutshela ukuthi une-'Ocular Hypertension', ungesabi . Kukhona ukwelashwa kwayo. Landela imiyalelo kadokotela ngqo.
• Ukugcina indlela yokuphila enempilo (ukudla okuhle, ukuvivinya umzimba, nokugwema ukubhema) kubaluleke kakhulu empilweni yamehlo.

Khumbula, amehlo akho ayigugu kakhulu. Ngakho-ke kungumthwalo wakho ukuwanakekela. Uma unezinkinga, ungesabi ukukhuluma nodokotela.

Umfutho Wegazi Ophakeme Wamehlo , Ukucindezeleka Kwamehlo, I-Glaucoma, Impilo Yamehlo, Ukuhlolwa Kwamehlo, Ukucindezeleka Kwangaphakathi Kwamehlo, I-IOP