Uyazi ngamathambo amancane endlebeni yakho? (Ama-Ossicles) Ake sixoxe ngalawa!

Wake wazibuza ukuthi ungayizwa kanjani yonke imisindo ngokucacile? Lokhu kungenxa yezingxenye ezincane, kodwa ezibaluleke kakhulu ezindlebeni zethu. Lezo zingxenye ezincane zibizwa ngokuthi ama-ossicle . Empeleni lawa ngamathambo amathathu amancane kakhulu emzimbeni wethu. Namuhla, sizokhuluma ngokuningiliziwe ngala ma-ossicle, umsebenzi wawo, kanye nezinkinga angazenza.

Ayini ama-ossicle? Akuphi?

Kalula nje, ama-ossicles angamathambo amathathu amancane endlebeni yakho ephakathi . Axhumene ndawonye njengezixhumanisi eketangeni. Lawa mathambo amathathu yilawa:

1. I-Malleus: Lokhu kubizwa nangokuthi "isando" ngoba kufana nesando.

2. I-Incus: Lokhu kubizwa nangokuthi "i-anvil". Kusebenza njenge-anvil eshaywa ngesando.

3. Ama-Stapes: Leli yithambo elincane kunazo zonke emzimbeni wethu. Libizwa nangokuthi "ibhande" ngoba lifana nesimo sesihlalo sehhashi.

Cabanga ukuthi la mathambo amathathu mancane kangakanani! Kodwa ngaphandle kwawo, besingeke sikwazi ukuzwa lutho kahle. Lolu chungechunge lwama-ossicle luqala ku -eardrum yakho (ulwelwesi lwe-tympanic) . I-eardrum iyi-membrane encane phakathi kwendlebe yakho yangaphandle nephakathi. Uchungechunge lwama-ossicle luphela ku-cochlea endlebeni yakho yangaphakathi .

Uma ujula kancane...

• I-Malleus: Uhlangothi olulodwa lwalokhu luxhunywe ku-eardrum. Uma i-eardrum idlidliza, i-malleus nayo iyadlidliza. Olunye uhlangothi lwe-malleus luxhunywe ku-incus.
• I-Incus: Lokhu kufana nomlamuleli phakathi kwe-malleus ne-stapes. Umsebenzi we-incus ukwamukela ukudlidliza okuvela ku-malleus nokukudlulisela ku-stapes.
• Ama-Stapes: Leli thambo elincane lithatha ukudlidliza okuvela ku-incus bese liwasunduzela endaweni ebizwa ngokuthi ifasitela eliyindilinga , uhlobo lomnyango ku-cochlea endlebeni yangaphakathi.

Usuyaqonda manje ukuthi le ndlela encane iyinkimbinkimbi futhi ibaluleke kangakanani?

Ama-ossicle asebenza kanjani? Asisiza kanjani ukuzwa umsindo?

Kulungile, manje ake sibone ukuthi la mathambo amancane abizwa ngokuthi ama-ossicles asisiza kanjani ukuzwa umsindo. Kufana nokusabela kweketanga .

1. Okokuqala, amaza omsindo avela ngaphandle angena endlebeni yakho ashaye i-eardrum yakho. I-eardrum bese iqala ukudlidliza . Njengoba nje ushaya i-drum, iyadlidliza.

2. Ithambo le-malleus , elixhunywe ku-eardrum, nalo lihamba ngokudlidliza.

3. Lapho i-malleus ihamba, ithambo le-incus, elinamathele kulo, nalo liyahamba.

4. Okulandelayo, i-incus idlulisela lokhu kudlidliza ethanjeni le-stapes .

5. Ithambo le-stapes lisunduza lokhu kudlidliza efasiteleni eliyindilinga le-cochlea endlebeni yangaphakathi.

Into ebalulekile ukuthi lapho ukudlidliza komsindo kuhamba kulolu chungechunge lwama-ossicle, kuyakhuliswa . Okusho ukuthi, i-cochlea ithola isignali yomsindo enamandla kunesignali yomsindo evela ku-eardrum. Yingakho sikwazi ukuzwa ngisho nemisindo ethambile ngokucacile.

I-cochlea iqukethe uketshezi kanye namaseli ezinwele azwela kakhulu. Ukudlidliza okuvela kuma-stapes kuhambisa lolu ketshezi, kuvuselele amaseli ezinwele. Lawa maseli ezinwele aguqula ukudlidliza komsindo kube amasignali kagesi bese ewathumela ebuchosheni. Ubuchopho buchaza lawo masignali bese busitshela ukuthi, "O, lowo umsindo ovunguzayo."

Cabanga nje, konke lokhu kwenzeka ngokuphazima kweso! Kuyamangalisa, akunjalo?

Yiziphi izifo nezimo ezivamile ezithinta ama-ossicles?

Uma kunenkinga ngala mathambo amancane, ukudlidliza komsindo akuhambi kahle endlebeni yangaphakathi, okungaholela ekulahlekelweni kokuzwa okuhambisana nokudonsa umsindo . Ezinye izimo ezithinta ama-ossicle zifaka:

• Ukukhubazeka kwe-ossicle yokuzalwa: Akuvamile kakhulu, ezinye izingane zizalwa zingenayo i-ossicle, ingakhuli kahle, noma ikhula kakhulu. Ngezinye izikhathi la mathambo angase angaxhumani kahle, noma angase aqhelelane noma ahlangane ndawonye.
• I-Otosclerosis: Lokhu kwenzeka lapho enye yama-ossicles (ngokuvamile ithambo le-stapes) inamathela ezicutshini ezizungezile futhi ingakwazi ukuhamba ngokukhululeka, njengokungathi inamathele esidunjini esifile.
• I-Cholesteatoma: Kulokhu, amangqamuzana esikhumba akheka ngaphakathi kwendlebe ephakathi, akha iqhubu. Lokhu kungalimaza ama-ossicles futhi kunciphise ukunyakaza kwawo.
• Ukutheleleka kwendlebe okungapheli: Ukutheleleka kwendlebe okuqhubekayo kungabangela ukuthi indlebe ephakathi ivuvuke, igcwale uketshezi, futhi iphazamise ukunyakaza kwama-ossicles. Uma kungelashwanga kahle, kungase kube nomonakalo ohlala njalo.
• Ukuhlukana kwe-ossicular-chain: Uma kukhona ukulimala okukhulu kwekhanda, lolu chungechunge lwama-ossicle lungasuswa noma luphuke. Lokhu kuvimbela ukudlidliza ukuthi kungadluliswa kahle. Lolu chungechunge lungaphulwa nayiminye imifino engavamile (amathumba) noma izifo zendlebe ezingamahlalakhona.

Yiziphi izimpawu ezikhona kulesi simo?

Uma kunenkinga ngama-ossicle akho, ungase ube nezimpawu ezifana nalezi:

• Ukulahlekelwa ukuzwa endlebeni eyodwa noma zombili, ukungezwa, noma ukungezwa nhlobo.
• Ukuzwa umsindo wokukhala ezindlebeni (i-tinnitus) .
• Ubuhlungu bendlebe.
• Uketshezi olufana nobovu luphuma endlebeni.
• Umuzwa wokusinda noma ukugcwala endlebeni eyodwa noma zombili.
• Izinkinga zokulinganisela (kufaka phakathi uma isimo sithinta uhlelo lwe-vestibular endlebeni, olubangela ukulinganisela).

Uma unesinye noma ngaphezulu salezi zimpawu, kufanele nakanjani ubonane nodokotela .

Yiziphi izivivinyo ezenziwayo ukuthola ukuthi kunenkinga yini ngama-ossicles?

Uma ubona udokotela, cishe uzohlola indlebe yakho. Ukuhlolwa okulandelayo kuvame ukwenziwa:

• I-Otoscopy: Lokhu kuhilela ukubuka ngaphakathi kwendlebe yakho ngethuluzi elincane ("i-otoscope") elinokukhanya. Lokhu kungahlola izinto ezifana ne-eardrum, uketshezi oluphakathi kwendlebe, kanye nokutheleleka.
• Ukuhlolwa kokuzwa (i-Audiometry): Lokhu kuhlolwa kungathola ukuthi ungezwa kahle kangakanani nokuthi yimiphi imisindo ongayizwa.
• Ukuhlolwa kwe-Tympanometry: Lokhu kulinganisa ukunyakaza kwe-eardrum kanye nokucindezela endlebeni ephakathi, okunikeza umbono wokuthi kukhona yini uketshezi endlebeni ephakathi noma inkinga ngama-ossicles.
• I-CT scan: Ngezinye izikhathi, i-CT scan ingenziwa ukuze kubonakale ngokucacile umonakalo kuma-ossicles, indawo akuyo, kanye nesimo sezicubu ezizungezile.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha lezi zinkinga ezihlobene ne-ossicle?

Ukwelashwa kuncike esimweni onaso. Ukwelashwa okuvamile kufaka phakathi:

• Ama-antibiotic: Uma inkinga ibangelwa ukutheleleka ngamagciwane, ama-antibiotic anganikezwa ukuze ayelaphe.
• Izinsiza zokuzwa: Uma ungezwa kahle, ungasebenzisa izinsiza zokuzwa ukuze zikusize uzwe kangcono.
• Ukuhlinzwa: Kwezinye izimo, ukuhlinzwa kungadingeka, isibonelo ukususa isimila esinjenge-cholesteatoma, ukukhulula ithambo elivalelekile uma kwenzeka i-otosclerosis, noma ukulungisa kabusha ama-ossicle aphukile/asusiwe (i-ossiculoplasty).

Khumbula, ukuxilongwa kusenesikhathi kanye nokwelashwa kubaluleke kakhulu. Lokhu kuzosiza ekuvimbeleni umonakalo ongapheli.

Sizigcina kanjani izindlebe zethu ziphilile?

Into engcono kakhulu ongayenza ukuze ugcine la ma-ossicle akho amancane kodwa ayigugu kakhulu enempilo ukuthatha izinyathelo zokuvimbela izifo zendlebe nokufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha uma ubona noma yiziphi izinguquko ekuzweni kwakho.

• Gwema ukungena kwamanzi ezindlebeni zakho. Qaphela lapho ugeza futhi ubhukuda.
• Uma uhlanza izindlebe zakho, ungafaki izinto ezifana nama-cotton bud ezindlebeni zakho ngoba lokhu kungalimaza i-eardrum yakho.
• Uma ugula ngenxa yomkhuhlane noma umkhuhlane, qiniseka ukuthi awuthinti izindlebe zakho.
• Sebenzisa ama-earplug uma usezindaweni ezinomsindo kakhulu.

Izimo eziningi ezithinta ama-ossicle zingelashwa futhi zelapheke. Kodwa-ke, uma ukwelashwa kubambezeleka, kungavela umonakalo wesikhathi eside. Ngakho-ke, bona udokotela ngokushesha nje lapho ubona ngisho noshintsho oluncane ekuzweni kwakho.

Okokugcina, izinto ezimbalwa okufanele uzikhumbule

Ama-ossicle ayindalo emangalisayo emizimbeni yethu. Umsebenzi omkhulu owenziwa yila mathambo amathathu amancane yiwona osivumela ukuthi sizwe futhi sijabulele imisindo eyahlukahlukene emhlabeni.

Ama-ossicles amathambo amathathu amancane abizwa ngokuthi i-malleus, i-incus, kanye ne-stapes. Atholakala endlebeni ephakathi futhi athatha ukudlidliza komsindo kusuka ku-eardrum, awakhulise, bese ewathumela ku-cochlea endlebeni engaphakathi. Lapho, ukudlidliza kuguqulwa kube izimpawu zikagesi eziya ebuchosheni, okusivumela ukuthi siqonde umsindo.

Ngakho-ke, nakekela izindlebe zakho. Uma unezinkinga zokuzwa, ungazinaki futhi ufune iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha. Khona-ke la maqhawe amathathu amancane azoqhubeka nokukusiza uzwe imisindo yomhlaba!

Amathambo endlebe , ama-ossicles, ama-malleus, ama-incus, ama-stapes, ukuzwa, i-eardrum, ukulahlekelwa ukuzwa, indlebe ephakathi, indlebe yangaphakathi, i-cochlea