Ukhathazekile yini ukuthi ingane yakho ingase ibe ne-autism? Ake sibone ukuthi yini esingayenza!

Ingabe kukhona ukukhathazeka noma ukungabaza mayelana nokukhula noma ukuziphatha kwengane yakho? Ucabanga ukuthi ingane yakho ingase ibe nesifo se-autism spectrum disorder (ASD)? Kuvamile ukuzizwa ngaleyo ndlela. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukukhuluma nodokotela ngakho uma unenkinga futhi wenze izivivinyo ezidingekayo. Ngoba izingane ezinalezi zimo zidinga usizo olukhethekile, futhi uma lezi zimo zitholakala kusenesikhathi, ukwelashwa kungaqala ngokushesha. Khona-ke imiphumela iba ngcono kakhulu.

Kungani udinga ukucwaninga ngalokhu kusenesikhathi?

Kalula nje, i-autism spectrum disorder (ASD) iyisimo esiyinkimbinkimbi esithinta ukukhula kobuchopho bengane. Lokhu kungathinta ukuxhumana kwengane nabantu, amakhono okuxhumana, kanye nokuziphatha. Kodwa-ke, akusona isifo, kodwa yisimo .

Amathuluzi amasha okuhlola manje asivumela ukuthi sithole lezi zimo kusenesikhathi. Ngakho-ke, uma ingane yakho idinga ukwesekwa okukhethekile, kungcono ukuqala kusenesikhathi. Ngaleyo ndlela, ingane yakho izothola usizo olukhulu ukuze ifinyelele amandla ayo aphelele.

Ngakho-ke, yini okufanele uyenze?

Kulungile, uma unokungabaza okunjalo ngengane yakho, kunezinyathelo ezimbalwa ongazithatha. Ake sibone ukuthi ziyini.

1. Khuluma nodokotela wengane yakho kuqala.

Lesi isinyathelo sokuqala nesibaluleke kakhulu. Xoxa ngazo zonke izinto ezikukhathazayo kanye nokungabaza kwakho ngokucacile nodokotela wezingane noma udokotela womndeni wengane yakho.

• Yikuphi ukuziphatha okungavamile okubonayo?
• Ingabe ingane ayizwani nezinye izingane?
• Ingabe sekwephuze kakhulu ukukhuluma?
• Noma wenza into efanayo ngokuphindaphindiwe?

Chaza izinto ezinjengalezi ngokucacile. Uma kungenzeka, qopha ividiyo yengane yakho yenza into engavamile ekhaya, noma noma yikuphi ukuziphatha okusolisayo. Ngaleyo ndlela, kuzoba lula ngodokotela/udokotela ukuqonda isimo.

Cabanga ngakho, ngezinye izikhathi sinomuzwa wokuthi udokotela akasilalelanga ngempela, noma akakuthathanga ngokungathi sína ngokwanele. Ezimweni ezinjalo , ungesabi ukubuza imibuzo futhi. Uma ungakaneliseki, unelungelo lokubona omunye udokotela. Izithakazelo zengane ziyinto ebaluleke kakhulu.

2. Bona uchwepheshe

Udokotela wengane yakho uzolalela lokho okushoyo, ahlole ingane yakho, futhi uma inokungabaza, uzokudlulisela komunye uchwepheshe.

Kukhona ochwepheshe abaningana abangathunyelwa ngezikhathi ezinjengalezi:

• Isazi Sengqondo Sezingane: Uchwepheshe wezinkinga zempilo yengqondo kanye nokuziphatha kwezingane.
• Udokotela Wezingane Othuthukisayo: Uchwepheshe ekwelapheni ukubambezeleka nezinkinga ekukhuleni ngokomzimba, ngokwengqondo, nangokokuziphatha kwezingane.

Kungase kudingeke ulinde isikhashana ukuze ubone laba ochwepheshe (kungenzeka ukuthi usohlwini lokulinda), ngakho-ke kubaluleke kakhulu ukubhalisa ngokushesha okukhulu.

3. Thola ukuhlolwa kwe-autism

Uchwepheshe uzokwenza ukuhlolwa okuphelele kwengane. Lokhu kuzobheka ngokucophelela ukuthi ingane ikhombisa izimpawu ze-autism yini.

Lokhu kuhlola ngokuvamile kungafaka okulandelayo:

• Ukuthola ulwazi kubazali mayelana nokukhula kwengane, ukuziphatha kwayo, kanye nomlando womndeni wayo.
• Ukuqaphela ukuziphatha kwengane, izindlela zokuxhumana, kanye namakhono okuxhumana nabantu.
• Mhlawumbe usebenzisa izivivinyo ezijwayelekile kanye nemibuzo.

Imiphumela yalokhu kuhlolwa izonquma ukuthi yiziphi izinsizakalo zokwelapha ezithile ingane yakho ezidingayo, njengokwelashwa kokukhuluma noma ukwelashwa ngokomsebenzi. Ngakho-ke, buza uchwepheshe wakho kusengaphambili ukuthi yiziphi izivivinyo ezizokwenziwa nokuthi zizothatha isikhathi esingakanani.

4. Ezinye izivivinyo zingase zibe mahhala!

Lokhu kungahluka kuye ngamazwe. Kodwa-ke, emazweni amaningi, ikakhulukazi ezinganeni ezincane (isib. ezingaphansi kweminyaka emi-3 ubudala), kunezinsizakalo zokuhlola zamahhala zokuhlola ukubambezeleka kokukhula. Lezi zingase zisetshenziswe njengezinhlelo "Zokungenelela Kwasekuqaleni".

• Uma ingane yakho isencane kakhulu, xhumana neHhovisi le-Medical Officer of Health (MOH) lasendaweni, ezibhedlela zezingane, noma ezikhungweni zokuthuthukiswa kwezingane.
• Uma ingane yakho ineminyaka engaphezu kwemi-3 ubudala, ungase ukwazi ukuthola ukuhlolwa kokuthuthukiswa kwamahhala ngoMnyango Wezemfundo wangakini (isib., amayunithi emfundo ekhethekile). Kuhle ukuhlola neminyango efanele ngalokhu.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha?

Izingane eziningi ezinokulibaziseka kokukhula noma i-autism zizuza kakhulu ekwelashweni okufana nalokhu:

• Ukwelapha Ngenkulumo: Kusiza ngobunzima bokukhuluma, ubunzima bokuqonda nokusebenzisa ulimi.
• Ukwelashwa Komsebenzi: Kusiza ngemisebenzi yansuku zonke (ukugqoka, ukudla, ukusebenza ngamathoyizi) kanye nezinkinga zezinzwa.
• Ukwelashwa Komzimba: Kusiza ngezinto ezifana nokunyakaza komzimba, ibhalansi, kanye nokuqinisa imisipha.
• Ukwelashwa Kokuziphatha: Kusiza ekunciphiseni ukuziphatha okungafanele futhi kukhuthaze ukuziphatha okuhle. Ukuhlaziywa Kokuziphatha Okusetshenzisiwe (i-ABA) kuyindlela eyaziwayo ngaphansi kwalesi sigaba.

Cela udokotela wakho ukuthi akuthumelele i-referral ukuze uthole lezi zinsizakalo zokwelapha. Ezinye izinqubomgomo zomshuwalense zingase zihlanganise lezi zinsizakalo. Ngakho-ke, xhumana nenkampani yakho yomshuwalense ukuze ubone ukuthi lezi zinsizakalo zihlanganiswa kanjani.

Ake sibheke futhi umshwalense kancane.

Ngisho noma ingane yakho ingatholakali ukuthi ine-autism, umshwalense wakho ungase uhlanganise ukwelulekwa kwabazali noma izinhlelo zokuqeqesha abazali. Hlola nenkampani yakho yomshwalense ukuze uqiniseke. Ezinye izinhlelo zomshwalense zingase zihlanganise nehora elilodwa lokwelashwa kokuziphatha ngesonto.

Izinto ongazenza nomntwana wakho ekhaya

Kanye nezinsizakalo zokwelashwa nokwelashwa, ungenza nemisebenzi eminingi ejabulisayo ekhaya esiza ekuthuthukiseni amakhono olimi kanye namakhono okuxhumana nabantu engane yakho.

Sizodlala ndawonye?

• Hlala phansi udlale nengane yakho. Beka eceleni okungenani imizuzu engama-20 ngosuku ngalokhu. Khetha umdlalo othandwa yingane yakho, bese uyivumela ukuthi ihole umdlalo. Joyina naye ekudlaleni kwakhe. Lokhu kuzoqinisa nobuhlobo bakho nengane yakho.

Masifundiseni ngezinyathelo ezincane.

• Uma ufundisa ingane yakho ikhono elisha, ungalifundisi lonke ngesikhathi esisodwa, kodwa lihlukanise libe yizinyathelo ezincane nezilula. Bonisa isinyathelo esisodwa bese usiza ingane yakho ukuba isenze. Uma ingane yakho isisenze kahle isinyathelo, mncome kakhulu (isib., "Hawu! Indodana/indodakazi yakho ihlakaniphe kakhulu!") bese udlulela esinyathelweni esilandelayo.

Cabanga nje, uma ubufundisa ukugqoka izicathulo, ubungabafundisa kuqala ukuthi bazifaka kanjani izicathulo, bese kuba indlela yokubamba izintambo, bese kuba indlela yokuzibopha. Le ndlela iyasebenza kakhulu.

Ukusekelwa okuvela kuhulumeni nakwezinye izikhungo

Emazweni amaningi, kunezinhlangano zikahulumeni kanye nezinhlangano ezingezona ezikahulumeni ezisiza imindeni enezingane ezine-autism. Ungabheka nezindawo ezihlinzeka ngezinsizakalo ezifanayo eSri Lanka.

• Izikhungo zikahulumeni ezifana noMnyango Wezinsizakalo Zezenhlalo .
• Izinhlangano ezingekho ngaphansi kukahulumeni (ama-NGO) ezisebenzela izingane ezinezidingo ezikhethekile.
• Amaqembu Okusekela Abazali.

Ungase ukwazi ukuthola ulwazi, isiqondiso, mhlawumbe ngisho nosizo lwezezimali ezindaweni ezinjengalezi.

Yini enye ofuna ukuyazi?

Kunolwazi oluningi mayelana ne-autism ku-inthanethi, okungukuthi, ku-inthanethi. Kodwa-ke, akulona lonke oluthembekile. Olunye ulwazi lungase lube olungalungile noma lungafaneleki enganeni yakho.

Ngakho-ke, zama njalo ukuthola ulwazi emithonjeni ethembekile nethembekile kuphela.

Ngokwesibonelo:

• Izinhlangano zomhlaba wonke ezifana ne-World Health Organization (WHO).
• Izinhlangano zezokwelapha eziqashelwayo ezweni lakini (isb., i-Sri Lanka Pediatricians Association).
• Izinhlangano ze-autism eziqashelwa emhlabeni wonke (isib. i-Interagency Autism Coordinating Committee `(IACC)`, i-Association for Autism and Neurodiversity `(AANE)`, i-Autism Society, i-Autism Speaks).

Ulwazi olukumawebhusayithi ezikhungo ezinjalo luvame ukuba lunembile futhi lusesikhathini.

Khumbula njengesifinyezo (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Uma unokungabaza ngengane yakho, ungakugcini enhliziyweni yakho bese uzizwa udabukile.

• Khuluma nodokotela ngokushesha.
• Bona uchwepheshe uma kudingeka.
• Yenza ukuhlolwa okufanele.
• Nikeza ingane izinsizakalo zokwelapha ezidingekayo.
• Sebenza nomntanakho ekhaya ngothando nangesineke.
• Awuwedwa. Kukhona abanye abazali, odokotela, kanye nabelaphi abaye baba nokuhlangenwe nakho okufanayo nawe ukukusiza kulolu hambo.

Khumbula, ukuthatha isinyathelo kusenesikhathi kuyisipho esibaluleke kakhulu ongasinika ingane yakho. Ngokwenza kanjalo, ungayinika amandla namakhono ayidingayo ukuze iphile impilo ejabulisayo nephumelelayo.

I-Autism, intuthuko yengane, uchwepheshe, ukwelashwa kwenkulumo, ukungenelela kwasekuqaleni, ukwesekwa kwabazali, izimpawu ze-autism