Kuyini i-diphtheria? Singaxoxa ngalesi sifo esiyingozi?

Wake wezwa ngesifo esibizwa ngokuthi i-diphtheria? Kungenzeka ukuthi wagonyelwa sona useyingane. Kuyisifo esibangelwa amagciwane esiyingozi futhi esithathelwanayo kakhulu. Namuhla, sizokhuluma nge-diphtheria ngendlela elula ongayiqonda. Ngoba kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela izinto ezinjengalezi.

Iyini ngempela i-diphtheria? Ngubani okungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi ayithole?

Kalula nje, i-diphtheria iwukutheleleka okubangelwa uhlobo oluthile lwebhaktheriya. Isakazeka ngokushesha kakhulu, futhi izimpawu zivela ngokushesha. Ithinta kakhulu ikhala nomphimbo.

Cabanga nje, abanye abantu banamathuba amaningi okuthuthukisa lokhu.

• Kwabantwana abangaphansi kweminyaka emi-5 ubudala
• Kwabantu abadala abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-60 ubudala

Zombili lezi zisengozini ethile.

Akukhona lokho kuphela,

• Abantu abahlala ezindaweni eziminyene nezingcolile
• Abantu abanesimo esingesihle sokudla okunempilo (okungukuthi, labo abangakutholi ukudla nokuphuza okwanele)
• Izingane ezincane kanye nabantu abadala abangagonywanga kahle

Laba bantu basengozini enkulu yokuthola i-diphtheria.

Emazweni afana neSri Lanka, i-diphtheria ayivamile ngoba izingane zigonyelwa yona. Kodwa-ke, kwamanye amazwe asathuthuka lapho ukugonywa kungenziwa khona kahle, lesi sifo sisavamile.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-diphtheria?

Uma uqala ukuthola i-diphtheria, ungase ucabange ukuthi kumane nje kuyisifo esibuhlungu . Kodwa-ke,

• Umzimba ungase uzizwe ushisa, futhi ungase uzizwe umkhuhlane omncane .
• Ama-lymph node entanyeni ayavuvukala (siwabiza ngokuthi ama-gland avuvukile, yilokho okuyikho).

Lezi yizibonakaliso zokuqala. Kodwa ngoba igciwane le-diphtheria likhiqiza ubuthi, ungqimba olujiyile, olumpunga-olumnyama olubizwa ngokuthi ulwelwesi , ekhaleni, emphinjeni, noma endleleni yokuphefumula. Kufana nebhola likakotini. Lesi yisibonakaliso esiyinhloko esihlukanisa i-diphtheria nomphimbo obuhlungu ovamile (njenge-strep throat). Lokhu kungqimba kungenza kube nzima ukuphefumula futhi kwenze kube nzima nokugwinya ukudla nokuphuza.

Njengoba ukutheleleka kuqhubeka, umuntu angabonisa nezimpawu ezifana nalezi:

• Ubunzima bokuphefumula noma ukugwinya buyanda.
• Ukubona okukabili.
• Inkulumo iba yinto engacacile.
• Isimo sokushaqeka singadala izimpawu "zokwethuka" (okungukuthi, isikhumba esikhanyayo nesibandayo, ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo, ukujuluka okukhulu, kanye nokubukeka okudidekile).

Yiziphi ezinye izinkinga ezingabangelwa yi-diphtheria?

Ngale kokutheleleka komphimbo, uma lowo shevu oshiwo ngenhla ungena egazini...Lesi simo singaba sibi kakhulu. Lokhu kungathinta ezinye izitho ezibalulekile, njengenhliziyo nezinso, futhi kungaholela ngisho nasezinkingeni ezisongela ukuphila .

Izingozi ezingaba khona ezivela kulobu buthi yilezi:

• Kulimaza inhliziyo futhi kunciphisa ikhono layo lokupompa igazi.
• Kuthinta izinso, okwenza kube nzima ukususa imfucuza emzimbeni ngendlela efanele.
• Kungalimaza imizwa futhi ekugcineni kuholele ezimweni ezifana nokukhubazeka.

Cabanga nje, uma i-diphtheria ingelashwa kahle, cishe ama-50% eziguli angafa. Ngakho-ke manje cishe uyaqonda ukuthi lokhu kuyingozi kangakanani.

Ingabe i-diphtheria ingavinjelwa? Kanjani?

Yebo, kunjalo impela! Ukuvimbela i-diphtheria kuncike cishe ngokuphelele ekugonyweni.

Ebaluleke kakhulu umuthi wokugomela i-diphtheria/pertussis/whooping cough (umuthi wokugomela i-DTaP) onikezwa izingane kanye nomuthi wokugomela i-Tdap onikezwa intsha kanye nabantu abadala abangakaze bagonywe ngaphambili.

Ngemva kokuthola umthamo owodwa we-Tdap, intsha kanye nabantu abadala kufanele bathole umthamo wokukhulisa we-Tdap noma umuthi wokugomela i-diphtheria/pertussis (umuthi wokugomela i-Td) njalo eminyakeni eyi-10 . Amacala amaningi e-diphtheria abikwa kubantu abangazange bagonywe nhlobo noma abangazange bathole yonke imithamo.

Futhi, umuthi wokugomela i-Tdap unconywa omama abakhulelwe engxenyeni yesibili yokukhulelwa ngakunye , noma ngabe bake bawuthola umuthi wokugomela ngaphambilini.

Uhlelo lokugoma olujwayelekile lulandelayo:

• Umuthi wokugomela i-`DTaP`: ezinyangeni ezi-2, ezi-4, nezi-6.
• Umthamo wokukhulisa: Phakathi kwezinyanga ezingu-12-18.
• Esinye isibalo sokukhulisa: Phakathi kweminyaka engu-4-6.
• Umuthi wokugomela i-`Tdap`: Uma uneminyaka eyi-11-12.
• Bese uthola umjovo we-Tdap noma we-Td booster njalo eminyakeni eyi-10 ukuze ulondoloze ukuvikelwa.
• Kumama okhulelwe, umuthi wokugomela i-'Tdap' kufanele unikezwe engxenyeni yesibili yokukhulelwa.

Iningi lezingane liyawubekezelela kahle lo muthi wokugomela. Ngezinye izikhathi, imiphumela emibi emincane ingase ivele. Isibonelo, ukubomvu endaweni yokujova, ubuhlungu obuncane, umkhuhlane omncane, noma ingane ithukuthele kancane. Kodwa-ke, izinkinga ezinkulu ezifana nokusabela kokungezwani komzimba azivamile.

Ingabe i-diphtheria iyisifo esithathelwanayo?

Yebo, i-diphtheria iyisifo esithathelwanayo kakhulu. Singasakazeka kwabanye uma umuntu onegciwane ethimula, ekhwehlela, noma ehleka. Singasakazeka nakwabanye ngokuthinta izinto ezifana nezicubu noma izingilazi zokuphuza ezisetshenziswa ngumuntu onegciwane.

Ngisho noma umuntu onegciwane le-diphtheria engenazo izimpawu, usengakwazi ukusabalalisa lesi sifo kwabanye cishe amasonto amane.Isikhathi esithathwayo ukuze i-diphtheria ibonise izimpawu (ebizwa nangokuthi "isikhathi sokufukamela") ngokuvamile siphakathi kwezinsuku ezi-2 nezi-4. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi kungaba kusukela kosuku olulodwa kuya kwezi-6.

Iphathwa kanjani i-diphtheria?

Izingane kanye nabantu abadala abane-diphtheria belashwa esibhedlela. Ngemva kokuba udokotela eqinisekisile ukuxilongwa nge-culture yomphimbo, umuntu onegciwane unikezwa i-antitoxin ekhethekile . Lokhu kunikezwa ngomjovo noma nge-intravenously (IV). Lokhu kusebenza ngokuvala ubuthi be-diphtheria obuvele bukhona emzimbeni. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kunikezwa ama-antibiotic ukubulala noma yimaphi amabhaktheriya e-diphtheria asele.

Abantu abanezifo ezinzima kakhulu bangadinga umshini wokuphefumula ukuze ubasize baphefumule. Uma kukhona okusolakala ukuthi ubuthi busakazekele enhliziyweni, ezinso, noma ohlelweni lwezinzwa oluphakathi (ubuchopho nomgogodla), iziguli zingadinga uketshezi lwe-IV, umoya-mpilo, noma imithi yenhliziyo.

Umuntu one-diphtheria kufanele ahlukaniswe futhi agcinwe yedwa. Amanye amalungu omndeni, abantu abaseduze, ikakhulukazi labo abangakagonywa, izingane ezincane kakhulu, kanye nabantu asebekhulile kufanele bavikelwe ekuthinteni isiguli.

Uma umuntu etholakala ene-diphtheria, udokotela wazisa iziphathimandla zezempilo zendawo. Baphinde belaphe noma ubani ekhaya abacabanga ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi uke wachayeka kubhaktheriya. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukuhlola ama-swabs omphimbo, ukubanika imithamo yokuqinisa umuthi wokugomela i-diphtheria, kanye nokubanika ama-antibiotic njengesinyathelo sokuqapha.

Iningi labantu liyalulama kwi-diphtheria uma lithola ukwelashwa ngokushesha esibhedlela. Ngemva kokuba ama-antibiotic kanye nemithi yokwelapha isiqalile ukusebenza, lizodinga ukuphumula embhedeni isikhashana (cishe amasonto amane kuya kwayisithupha, noma kuze kube yilapho selipholile ngokuphelele). Ukuphumula embhedeni kubaluleke kakhulu uma umuntu eba nokuvuvukala kwemisipha yenhliziyo (i-myocarditis), okuyinkinga ye-diphtheria.

Ngisho nangemva kokululama, abantu abake baba ne-diphtheria kufanele bathole yonke imijovo ye-diphtheria ukuze bazivikele ekutholeni lesi sifo futhi. Ukuba nalesi sifo kanye akunikezi amasosha omzimba impilo yabo yonke.

Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela?

Uma othile emndenini wakho enezimpawu ze-diphtheria, uma ubona lezi zimpawu komunye umuntu, uma othile emndenini wakho eke wavezwa ngumuntu one-diphtheria, noma uma ucabanga ukuthi wena noma othile emndenini wakho usengozini yokuthola lesi sifo, bona udokotela ngokushesha. Kodwa khumbula, izifo eziningi zomphimbo akuzona i-diphtheria, ikakhulukazi ezweni elifana neSri Lanka lapho imijovo inikezwa kahle khona.

Uma ungaqiniseki ukuthi izingane zakho zigonyelwe i-diphtheria, buza udokotela wakho. Futhi, qiniseka ukuthi uthole imijovo yakho yokuqinisa. Ucwaningo lukhombisile ukuthi abantu abadala abaningi abaneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-40 abavikelekile ngokuphelele kwi-diphtheria kanye ne-pertussis.

Izinto ezibaluleke kakhulu esifuna ukuzithatha ekhaya kulesi sihloko

Kulungile, ngakho-ke sesikhulume kakhulu nge-diphtheria.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi i-diphtheria iyisifo esingavinjelwa ngomuthi wokugoma, kodwa futhi singaba yingozi.

• Thola imijovo yakho ngendlela efanele: Landela uhlelo lokugoma lwengane yakho. Uma usumdala, qiniseka ukuthi uthola nemijovo yakho yokuqinisa.
• Qaphela izimpawu: Uma ubona ungqimba oluyindilinga olungavamile emphinjeni wakho kanye nomphimbo obuhlungu, noma unenkinga yokuphefumula, funa iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha.
• Ukuhlanzeka kubalulekile: Imikhuba emihle yokuhlanzeka, ikakhulukazi ukumboza umlomo wakho lapho uthimula futhi ukhwehlela, kanye nokugeza izandla zakho, kusiza ekuvikeleni ezifweni eziningi.
• Uma ungabaza, tshela udokotela wakho : Ungalokothi ungabaze ngesifo. Kungcono ukukhuluma nodokotela uthole iseluleko.

I-Diphtheria iyisifo esesabekayo, kodwa singazivikela kuso ngokugonywa nangokuqaphela izimpawu. Uma uneminye imibuzo mayelana nalokhu, ungangabazi ukubuza udokotela.

I- Diphtheria, umuthi wokugomela, izifo ezithelelanayo, ukutheleleka komphimbo, amagciwane, ukwelashwa, i-Diphtheria