Ake sifunde kabanzi ngamarabi. Ungesabi, qonda lezi zinto!

Sonke sizwile ukuthi ezinye izilwane zingadala izifo eziyingozi uma zisiluma, akunjalo? Kunezikhathi lapho sesaba khona kancane uma siluma injana noma ikati ngengozi, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi siyayigona nje noma simane sibonisa uthando. Ngezikhathi ezinjengalezi, isifo esesabekayo kakhulu, kodwa esingavinjelwa kakhulu, yisifo samarabi. Ngakho-ke, ingabe kufanele sixoxe ngalokhu ngokuningiliziwe futhi namuhla nje?

Kuyini lokhu kwesaba amanzi?

Kalula nje, i-rabies iyisifo esithambile, kodwa esivame ukuvinjelwa, esibangelwa igciwane. Kodwa-ke, uma kwenzeka, kungaba yingozi kakhulu. Leli gciwane lihlasela kakhulu isimiso sethu sezinzwa kanye nobuchopho.

Cabanga ngakho, imizwa ifana nezintambo ezithwala imiyalezo emizimbeni yethu. Ngakho-ke leli gciwane liyalimaza lelo sistimu.

Uyazi ukuthi lesi sifo sidluliselwa kanjani kithi? Ngokuvamile, lokhu kwenzeka lapho isilwane esinesifo samarabi sisiluma. Igciwane likhona ematheni aleso silwane. Kodwa into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi uma uthola ukwelashwa ngokushesha nangendlela efanele ngemva kokulunywa yisilwane, ungasivimbela ngokuphelele lesi sifo ukuba singabi khona. Kodwa-ke, uma ungalutholi ukwelashwa futhi lesi sifo singena emzimbeni futhi izimpawu ziqala ukubonakala, kunzima kakhulu ukuphunyuka kuso, futhi ezimweni eziningi singaba yingozi.

Ziyini izimpawu zamarabi?

Kulungile, manje ake sibone ukuthi yiziphi izimpawu ezenzekayo lapho kuvela isifo samarabi. Lezi zimpawu azibonakali ngokushesha. Zingabonakala ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngemva kokulunywa yisilwane, futhi ngezinye izikhathi kungathatha isikhathi esingaphezu konyaka ukuthi izimpawu zivele. Yingakho kungewona umqondo omuhle ukunganaki ukulunywa yisilwane.

Izimpawu zokuqala zingase zifane nomkhuhlane ojwayelekile:

• Kungase kube nokungezwani okuncane, ukulunywa, noma ukusha endaweni lapho isilwane sikulume khona.
• Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ungase uzizwe umkhuhlane, ikhanda elibuhlungu, kanye nobuhlungu bomzimba (ikakhulukazi emisipheni) .
• Ukulahlekelwa yisifiso sokudla, isicanucanu, kanye nokukhathala usuku lonke nakho kungase kwenzeke.

Lezi zimpawu zokuqala zihlala izinsuku ezimbalwa, bese kuvela izimpawu ezinkulu zemizwa. Lezo yizo eziyingozi ngempela.

• Ukungahlaliseki, ukucasuka, nokukhathazeka kuyanda.
• Abanye abantu bangase babe nokudideka noma babe nokubona izinto ezingekho ngokoqobo .
• Kungaba ukucindezeleka kwemisipha, ukudikiza komzimba, noma ukuma komzimba okungavamile .
• Kungase kube nokuquleka .
• Ezinye izingxenye zomzimba zingase zizwe zingakhululekile (zikhubazekile) noma zingakwazi ukunyakaza.
• Zizwela kakhulu ekukhanyeni okukhanyayo, imisindo, noma yini ethinta imizimba yazo. Azikwazi ukumelana ngisho nomsindo omncane.

Enye into ukuthi umuntu onesifo samarabi angakhipha amathe amaningi . Futhi, ngenxa yokuthi imisipha emphinjeni iyaqina,Kuba nzima ukugwinya. Yingakho sibona uphawu "lokuphuma kwefinyila emlonyeni" esiluzwile. Ngenxa yalobu bunzima bokugwinya, kukhona ukwesaba ukuminyana ngisho noma uzama ukuphuza amanzi. Lokhu kubizwa nangokuthi "ukwesaba amanzi" ('hydrophobia') . Luphawu oluyisici nolwaziwayo lwalesi sifo.

Yini ebangela i-hydrophobia?

Isizathu esiyinhloko salokhu igciwane lesifo samarabi. Leli gciwane lihlala ematheni esilwane esinalo. Cabanga nje, lapho isilwane esinjalo sisiluma, leli gciwane lingena emzimbeni wethu ngesilonda sesikhumba esiphukile, noma ngezinye izikhathi uma amathe engena emehlweni ethu, ekhaleni, noma emlonyeni. Bese lihamba kancane kancane ngemithambo bese lifika ebuchosheni. Kuphela ngemva kokufika ebuchosheni lapho leli gciwane lisakazeka ngokushesha futhi liqale ukulimaza ubuchopho nemithambo.

Emazweni amaningi emhlabeni, ikakhulukazi emazweni asathuthuka njengakithi, isizathu esiyinhloko esenza abantu bathole isifo samarabi ukulunywa yizinja ezinesifo samarabi. Yilokho okubonakala kaningi. Kunjalo naseSri Lanka.

Kodwa akuzona izinja kuphela, kodwa nezinye izilwane zasendle ezifana namakati, izinkawu, ama-raccoon, izimpungushe, namalulwane ezingadlulisela lesi sifo. Kwamanye amazwe (isibonelo, iMelika), izilwane ezifana nama-raccoon nama-skunk yizona ezithwala kakhulu lesi sifo, futhi kuthiwa kunezimo eziningi zokutheleleka okuvela kumalulwane kuya kubantu. Kulawo mazwe, ngoba izinja zigonywa kakhulu, izinga lokutheleleka okuvela ezinjeni kuya kubantu liphansi.

Okubalulekile: Amagundane amancane njengonogwaja, ama-squirrel, namagundane awavamile ukudlulisela ama-rabies. Ngakho-ke uma ulunywe yisinye salezi zilwane, asikho isidingo sokukhathazeka ngokweqile, kodwa kuwukuhlakanipha ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha.

Ezweni lethu, izinja namakati yizilwane eziyinhloko ezidinga ukunakekelwa. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukunikeza inja yakho noma ikati umuthi wokugomela isifo samarabi ngesikhathi.

Ingabe amarabi ayathelelana kusuka komunye umuntu kuya komunye?

Lona futhi umbuzo abantu abaningi abawubuzayo. Amarabi awadluliselwa ngokuqondile esuka komunye umuntu aye komunye. Okusho ukuthi, akusona isifo esisakazeka ngokuthinta noma ukukhuluma, njengomkhuhlane.

Leli gciwane lidluliselwa kakhulu lapho isilwane esinesifo samarabi sisiluma. Kodwa-ke, noma singalunywa, lesi sifo singadluliselwa uma amathe esilwane efika ngqo emehlweni ethu, ekhaleni, noma emlonyeni, noma uma ewela enxebeni noma enxebeni elivulekile esikhumbeni. Yingakho kuthiwa kufanele siqaphele kakhulu lapho sibhekene nesilwane okusolwa ukuthi sinesifo samarabi.

Ungazibona kanjani izifo ezibangelwa yi-rabies?

Enye yezinselele ezinkulu lapha ukuthi ayikho indlela yokwazi ngokuqinisekile ngokushesha ukuthi isilwane sinesifo samarabi noma cha, ikakhulukazi uma kuyisilwane sasendle.

Ngakho-ke, uma kukhona ngisho nokusola okuncane ukuthi isilwane singase sibe namarabi, odokotela abahloli lesi sifo bese belinda imiphumela. Uma belinda kanjalo, kungase kube sekwephuzile. Ngakho-ke , ukwelashwa kuqala ngokushesha nje lapho kukhona ukusola.

Ukuhlolwa kwelebhu kungenziwa ukuze kubonakale ukuthi isifo sesiqalile yini, kodwa imiphumela ifika kuphela ngemva kokuba isifo sesiqhubeke kancane. Ngaleso sikhathi, kusuke sekwephuze kakhulu ukwelapha.

Uma isilwane esilunyiwe singabanjwa, ubuchopho besilwane bungahlolwa ukuze kubonakale ukuthi igciwane likhona yini. Kodwa-ke, isilwane kumele sibulawe ukuze kwenziwe ukuhlolwa.

Kodwa-ke, uma isilwane esilunyiwe siyisilwane esaziwayo nesiphilile (njengenja noma ikati), odokotela bavame ukweluleka ukuthi siqaphelisise isilwane cishe izinsuku eziyi-10. Phakathi naleso sikhathi, bazobheka izimpawu zokugula noma ukuziphatha okungajwayelekile.

Njengoba ngishilo ngaphambili, uma kuyisilwane esincane esingavamile ukuba namarabi, njengonogwaja noma i-squirrel, udokotela uzokhuluma neziphathimandla zezempilo zendawo bese enquma ukuthi enzeni.

Iphathwa kanjani i-rabies?

Lokhu kuyinto sonke okudingeka siyikhumbule. Uma izimpawu zesifo samarabi seziqalile, okungukuthi, ngemva kokuba igciwane selifinyelele ebuchosheni futhi seliqalile ukusebenza, okwamanje akukho ukwelashwa okusebenzayo kwalo. Yingakho odokotela bezama njalo ukuvimba lesi sifo ngaphambi kokuba sikhule, okungukuthi, ngokushesha nje lapho isilwane siluma futhi sizwa ukuthi 'sichayeke' kugciwane. Ukuvimbela kuyinto kuphela futhi engcono kakhulu lapha.

Uma umuntu ecabanga ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi uke wavezwa yigciwane le-rabies, kungaba ukulunywa yisilwane noma amathe esilwane okusolwa ukuthi athinta inxeba, kufanele afune usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha. Akusephuzile kakhulu.

Odokotela banikeza izinhlobo ezimbili zemithi yokugoma ngokushesha okukhulu:

1. I-Rabies Immune Globulin (RIG): Lokhu kusetshenziselwa ukuhlinzeka ngesivikelo esisheshayo kuze kube yilapho eminye imijovo iqala ukusebenza. Kufana nonogada osevele enziwe. Ngokuvamile kunikezwa eduze kwenxeba lapho isilwane silumile khona.

2. Umuthi Wokugomela Amarabi: Lona umuthi wokugomela owakha amasosha omzimba okulwa namarabi. Unikezwa ngemithamo eminingana. Le mithi yokugomela ivame ukunikezwa ngosuku lwe-0 (okungukuthi ngosuku okugonyelwa ngalo umuthi wokuqala), izinsuku ze-3, izinsuku ze-7, kanye nezinsuku ze-14. Ngezinye izikhathi, kulabo abanesimiso somzimba esibuthakathaka, umthamo owengeziwe unganikezwa ezinsukwini ezingama-28.

Uma lo muthi wokugomela uthathwa ngesikhathi, ungavimbela amarabi ngo-99.9%.

Ungakuvimbela kanjani ukuchayeka kuma-rabies?

Bathi, "Ukuvimbela kungcono kunokwelapha." Kunjalo futhi uma kukhulunywa ngamarabi. Kunezinto ezimbalwa ezilula, kodwa ezibaluleke kakhulu esingazenza ukuze sihlale siphephile kulesi sifo esiyingozi:

• Nikeza izilwane zakho ezifuywayo (izinja, amakati) imijovo yazo yesifo samarabi ngesikhathi. Lena yinto ebaluleke kakhulu. Uma isilwane sakho siphephile, wena, umndeni wakho, kanye nomphakathi niphephile.
• Bika izilwane ezilahlekile eziphathimandleni zezempilo zasendaweni noma ezikhulwini zokulawula izilwane. Bangazigoma izilwane noma bathathe ezinye izinyathelo ezifanele.
• Fundisa izingane kahle ukuthi zingathinti noma zondle izinja noma amakati ezingawazi emgwaqweni. Ngisho noma zibonakala zinothando, awazi ukuthi zizoluma nini.
• Fundisa izingane ukuba ziqhelelane nezilwane zasendle njengezintuthwane, izimpungushe, kanye nezinkawu. Nakuba lezi zilwane zinhle, zingathwala izifo. Kungcono ukuzivumela zihlale endaweni yazo yemvelo futhi ziqhelelane nazo.
• Uma isilwane sibonakala sigula noma siziphatha ngendlela engajwayelekile (isibonelo, ukuxosha abantu, ukwenza sengathi sithukuthele), ungasondeli kuso. Yazisa iziphathimandla ngokushesha.

Yini enye engidinga ukuyazi?

Cabanga ukuthi, ngeshwa, omunye wezingane zakho noma wena ulunywe yisilwane. Uma lokho kwenzeka, ungesabi, kodwa kunezinto ezimbalwa okudingeka uzenze ngokushesha okukhulu.

Okufanele ukwenze ngokushesha uma ulunywe yisilwane:

• Geza inxeba lokulunywa kahle ngensipho namanzi agobhozayo okungenani imizuzu eyi-10-15. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu. Insipho namanzi kungasusa igciwane enxebeni.
• Ngemva kokugeza inxeba, limboze ngebhandeji elihlanzekile.
• Shayela udokotela wakho ngokushesha, noma uye egumbini lezimo eziphuthumayo esibhedlela esiseduze. Noma ubani osolwa ngokuba ne-rabies kufanele elashwe esibhedlela.
• Shayela umnyango wakho wokulawula izilwane ukuze uthole usizo lokubamba isilwane. Kungaba usizo ukubamba isilwane bese usibheka noma usihlole ukuthi asinaso yini isifo samarabi.
• Uma ukulunywa kubangelwa yisilwane somuntu omaziyo, thola yonke imininingwane, njengesimo sokugonywa kwesilwane, igama lomnikazi, kanye nekheli. Lolu lwazi lubaluleke kakhulu kudokotela.
• Yazisa uMhloli Wezempilo Yomphakathi wangakini (i-PHI), ikakhulukazi uma isilwane singakagonyelwa isifo samarabi.

Qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela ezimweni ezinjengalezi:

• Uma ingane yakho encane ihlangane nesilwane esingaba namarabi (isibonelo, uma isilwane sikukhotha noma sikuluma), kodwa ingane yakho ingazi ukuthi ikusho kanjani kahle. Ngezinye izikhathi izingane ezincane azisho ukuthi izilwane ziyaluma noma ziyaluma.
• Uma ingane yakho ilunywe yilulwane, noma ngabe ayilunywanga. Ukuklwebheka nokulunywa yilulwane kuncane kakhulu kangangokuthi ngezinye izikhathi kungabonakala. Kodwa-ke, njengoba amalulwane engadlulisela amarabi, kuwukuhlakanipha ukufuna ukwelashwa uma unenkinga.
• Uma uhlela uhambo oluya endaweni ekude, ikakhulukazi enezilwane zasendle kanye nezikhungo zezokwelapha ezimpofu, khuluma nodokotela mayelana nomuthi wokugomela i-rabies ngaphambi kokuba uhlaselwe yisifo samarabi.

Uma lezi zinto zilandelwa kahle, sizosizwa kakhulu ukuzivikela esimweni esiyingozi esibizwa ngokuthi amarabi.

Okokugcina, okufanele ukukhumbule

Ngakho-ke, lesi sifo samarabi esikhulume ngaso namuhla siyisifo esibi kakhulu nesisongela ukuphila. Kodwa,Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi lesi yisifo esingavinjelwa ngokuphelele.

Uma ulunywe yisilwane, ungalibali noma uthuke, funa iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha. Geza inxeba kahle ngensipho namanzi. Uma uthatha imijovo ngesikhathi, ngeke ube nezinkinga.

Goma izilwane zakho ngesikhathi. Qaphela lapho ubhekene nezilwane ongazi. Lezi zinto ezilula zingakusindisa wena nabathandekayo bakho kulesi sifo esiyingozi. Hlala uphilile futhi ujabule!

` Amarabi, Ukulunywa yizilwane, Ukulunywa yinja, Ukugonyelwa amarabi, Izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane, Izifo ze-neurological, Ukuvimbela