Ake sifunde kabanzi ngesifo sofuba. Ungesabi, ake sixoxe!

Kungenzeka ukuthi uke wezwa ngesifo sofuba, akunjalo? Abanye abantu basibiza nangokuthi 'i-TB'. Esikhathini esidlule, lokhu kwakubhekwa njengesifo esibi kakhulu, futhi abantu abaningi babesesaba. Kodwa uyazi, njengoba isayensi yezokwelapha isithuthuke kangaka, uma lesi sifo siqashelwa kusenesikhathi futhi selashwa kahle, singelapheka ngokuphelele. Ngakho-ke, asikho isizathu sokwesaba. Namuhla, sizoxoxa ngokuthi lesi sifo siyini, okungukuthi, '(i-TB)', ukuthi sikhula kanjani, yiziphi izimpawu, ungazivikela kanjani kuso, nokuthi ungasiphatha kanjani, kalula nangendlela ongayiqonda.

Iyini ngempela i-Tuberculosis?

Kalula nje, isifo sofuba yisifo esithathelwanayo esibangelwa uhlobo oluthile lwamagciwane. Kwezokwelapha, lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi `(Mycobacterium tuberculosis)` . Leli yigciwane elincane kakhulu esingenakulibona ngamehlo ethu.

Ngokuvamile, leli gciwane lesifo sofuba lithinta kakhulu amaphaphu ethu. Kodwa-ke, hhayi lokho kuphela, ngezinye izikhathi lingathinta nezinye izitho zomzimba njengezinso, umgogodla kanye nobuchopho. Yingakho lesi kuyisifo esidinga ukunakekelwa okuthile.

Uyazi, esikhathini esidlule, cishe ngekhulu le-19, isifo sofuba sasiyisifo esiyingozi kakhulu nesibulalayo. Kodwa kamuva, njengoba amazinga okuphila kwabantu ethuthuka futhi bethola izinsizakalo zezempilo ezingcono, lesi sifo sehla kancane kancane. Kodwa-ke, muva nje, kube nesithakazelo esisha kulesi sifo. Ikakhulukazi,

• Kulabo abahlala ezindaweni lapho abanye abantu behlala khona eduze kakhulu (isibonelo, emakamu asejele, emakamu ababaleki).
• Kulabo abaye bavakashela amazwe lapho isifo sofuba sivame khona.
• Kulabo abanezivikeli mzimba ezibuthakathaka. Cabanga nje, umuntu onezivikeli mzimba ezibuthakathaka ngenxa yesimo esifana nokuthi "(ukutheleleka nge-HIV)" kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi athole lesi sifo.

Ngakho-ke, ngenxa yamaqiniso anjengalawa, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela isifo sofuba.

Ingabe isifo sofuba siyisifo esithathelwanayo ngempela? Sidluliselwa kanjani?

Yebo, isifo sofuba sisifo esithathelwanayo . Yilokho okufanele sikuqonde kuqala.

Uma ucabanga ngendlela esakazeka ngayo, nakhu okwenzekayo: Lapho umuntu one-TB engelashwa ekhwehlela, ethimula, ekhuluma, noma ehlabelela, amaconsi amancane aqukethe amagciwane e-TB akhishwa emoyeni esuka emgudwini wokuphefumula. Njengezinhlayiya zothuli. Khona-ke, uma umuntu ophilile ephefumula umoya oqukethe amagciwane, nawo angangenwa yileli gciwane.

Khumbula, lesi sifo cishe sisakazeka kakhulu ezindaweni zangaphakathi lapho iminyango namafasitela avaliwe, umoya ongemuhle kahle, kanye nezixuku. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuhlala ezindaweni ezinomoya omuhle.

Kodwa, kukhona okunye okudingeka ukwazi. Akuwona wonke umuntu onegciwane le-TB ozogula. Lokho kusho ukuthi akuwona wonke umuntu ozoba nezimpawu. Yingakho odokotela behlukanisa i-TB ngezinhlobo ezimbili:

1. Ukutheleleka kwe-TB ecashile :

• Okwenzekayo kulesi simo ukuthi amagciwane esifo sofuba angene emzimbeni, kodwa amagciwane ahlala "engalali."
• Laba bantu ababonisi zimpawu . Abaqapheli nokuthi banalesi sifo.
• Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi laba bantu bangasabalalisi lesi sifo kwabanye .
• Kodwa-ke, uma laba bantu bengatholi ukwelashwa okufanele, kungenzeka ukuthi amagciwane “alele” ngolunye usuku “azovuka” abe asebenzayo, okubangela izimpawu futhi kwenze kube nokwenzeka ukuthi athelele abanye.

2. Isifo sofuba esisebenzayo (`isifo sofuba`) :

• Okwenzekayo kulesi simo ukuthi amagciwane ofuba angene emzimbeni asebenze futhi abangele lesi sifo.
• Laba bantu banamathuba amaningi okuthola izimpawu ezihlobene nesifo sofuba .
• Laba bantu bangasabalalisa lesi sifo kwabanye kalula .

Uyawuqonda lo mehluko? 'Kukutheleleka kwe-TB okucashile', igciwane likhona emzimbeni, kodwa lesi sifo asikho futhi asithelelani. Kodwa 'kusifo se-TB', lesi sifo sikhona futhi siyathelelana.

Ziyini izimpawu zesifo sofuba? Sizibona kanjani?

Kulungile, manje ake sibheke izimpawu zesifo sofuba esisebenzayo (isifo sofuba). Uma wena noma othile omaziyo enesinye salezi zimpawu, kufanele nakanjani ufune iseluleko sezokwelapha.

• Ukukhwehlela : Lesi yisibonakaliso esiyinhloko. Ngokuvamile kungahlala isikhathi esingaphezu kwamasonto amabili kuya kwamathathu . Ngezinye izikhathi, ukukhwehlela kungase kuveze igazi elincane kanye ne-mucus.
• Ukujuluka ebusuku : Akugcini nje ngokujuluka, kodwa nokujuluka kakhulu kangangokuthi amashidi athola amanzi.
• Umkhuhlane noma ukubanda : Ungase uzizwe ushisa kusihlwa noma ebusuku.
• Ukukhathala nokukhathala : Ukuzizwa ukhathele ngaso sonke isikhathi, ngisho noma ungenzi msebenzi.
• I-Anorexia : Ukulahlekelwa yiso sonke isifiso sokudla.
• Ubuhlungu besifuba : Ungase uzwe ubuhlungu besifuba uma uphefumula noma ukhwehlela.
• Ukwehlisa isisindo ngaphandle kwesizathu : Uma wehlisa isisindo ngokuzumayo, noma ungalawuli ukudla kwakho noma ukuzivocavoca, lokho kuyisibonakaliso okufanele ukhathazeke ngaso.

Ungesabi isifo sofuba ngoba nje unesinye noma ezimbili zalezi zimpawu. Kodwa-ke, uma lezi zimpawu ziqhubeka, kuwukuhlakanipha ukubona udokotela nakanjani bese uhlolwa.

Wazi kanjani ukuthi unesifo sofuba?

Manje ungase ucabange, "Kulungile, uma unalezi zimpawu, udokotela wazi kanjani ukuthi lokhu kuyi-TB?" Odokotela bahlola kokubili 'ukutheleleka kwe-TB okucashile' kanye 'nesifo se-TB'. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zokuhlola:

1. Ukuhlolwa kwesikhumba se-Tuberculin (TST) :

• Abanye abantu bakubiza nangokuthi "ukuhlolwa kweMantoux." Lokhu kuhlolwa kuvame ukwenziwa ukuze kubonakale ukuthi izingane ezincane zinesifo sofuba yini.
• Lokhu kwenziwa ngezinyathelo ezimbili.
• Isinyathelo sokuqala: Inani elincane kakhulu loketshezi olubizwa ngokuthi ``tuberculin'' lifakwa esikhumbeni esingaphansi kwengalo yakho. Alilimazi kakhulu.
• Isinyathelo sesi-2 : Kufanele ubone udokotela wakho futhi emahoreni angama-48 kuya kwangu-72 (lokho kungaba yizinsuku ezimbili kuya kwezintathu). Udokotela noma isisebenzi sezempilo sizohlola indawo lapho umuthi ufakwe khona ukuze sibone ukuthi kukhona yini ukusabela esikhumbeni.
• Uma isikhumba sakho sinamaxolo, sibomvu, futhi siqinile kancane, kusho ukuthi unegciwane lesifo sofuba emzimbeni wakho.

2. Ukuhlolwa kwegazi :

• Lokhu kuhilela ukuthatha isampula yegazi lakho, ulithumele elabhorethri ukuze kuhlolwe ukuthi likhona yini igciwane lesifo sofuba.

Uma ukuhlolwa kwesikhumba kanye nokuhlolwa kwegazi ``kulungile``, okusho ukuthi umphumela uthi "yebo, amagciwane asemzimbeni wakho," udokotela wakho uzobe esecela ukuthi uthathwe i-X-ray yesifuba . Angase futhi acele ezinye izivivinyo ukuqinisekisa ukuthi 'unesifo se-TB esicashile' noma 'isifo se-TB'. Isibonelo, ungase ucelwe ukuthi wenze isivivinyo se-sputum.

Isifo sofuba selashwa kanjani? Akukho okufanele ukwesabe!

Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi kunezindlela zokwelapha eziphumelelayo zesifo sofuba! Iningi labantu abanesifo sofuba lingelashwa ekhaya. Ukulaliswa esibhedlela kuyadingeka kuphela ezimweni ezikhethekile kakhulu.

Odokotela bavame ukwelapha isifo sofuba ngemithi yomlomo, okuyinhlanganisela yama -antibiotic . Kodwa kukhona okudingeka ukukhumbule:

Kuthatha isikhathi ukubulala ngokuphelele amagciwane e-TB, ngakho-ke udinga ukuthatha yonke imithi kadokotela isikhathi esiphelele (izinyanga eziningana, mhlawumbe izinyanga eziyisithupha noma ngaphezulu) udokotela wakho akunike yona.

Ngisho noma izimpawu zakho ziphela noma uzizwa ungcono, ungayeki ukuthatha umuthi wakho kuze kube yilapho udokotela wakho ekuyala ukuba ukwenze. Leyo yindlela engcono kakhulu yokubulala ngokuphelele amagciwane ayingozi. Uma uyeka ukuthatha umuthi wakho phakathi noma ungawuthathi kahle, nakhu okwenzekayo: Amagciwane asele emzimbeni wakho athuthukisa ukumelana nama-antibiotic, okwenza kube nzima ukuwabulala. Lokhu kungaholela ezinhlotsheni zesifo sofuba eziyingozi kakhulu, okunzima kakhulu ukwelapha. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthatha umuthi wakho njengoba nje udokotela wakho ekuyala.

Yini esingayenza ukuze sivimbele isifo sofuba?

"Kungcono ukuvimbela ukugula kunokukwelapha ngemva kokuba sekwenzekile." Ngakho-ke, kunezinto ezilula esingazenza ukuze sihlale siphephile hhayi nje kuphela esifweni sofuba, kodwa nakwezinye izifo eziningi. Kungaba kuhle ukube wonke umuntu emndenini wakho wayelandela lezi zinto:

• Geza izandla zakho kahle: Geza izandla zakho kahle njalo ngensipho namanzi, ikakhulukazi ngaphambi kokudla, ngemva kokusebenzisa indlu yangasese, nangemva kokuphuma ngaphandle.
• Mboza umlomo nekhala lakho ngethishu noma ngendololwane yakho uma uthimula noma ukhwehlela: Ungasebenzisi izandla zakho. Lokhu kungasakaza amagciwane ezandleni zakho nakwezinye izindawo ozithintayo.
• Ungabelani ngamathawula akho, izingilazi zokuphuza, noma izitsha zokudlela nabanye . Kungcono ukuthi wonke umuntu asebenzise izinto zakhe.
• Hlala kude nabantu abagulayo ngangokunokwenzeka : Qaphela kakhulu lapho uhlala ezindaweni lapho kukhona khona abantu abakhwehlelayo kanye nomkhuhlane.

Ukulandela le mikhuba kuzokusiza ukuthi uzivikele hhayi kuphela esifweni sofuba, kodwa nakwezinye izifo eziningi.

Ngesikhathi esinjengalesi, kufanele nakanjani ubonane nodokotela!

Okokugcina, ake sibheke ukuthi kufanele ubonane nini nodokotela. Uma wena noma othile emndenini wakho enezimpawu ezilandelayo, sicela ufune iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha:

• Uma uke waxhumana eduze nomuntu onesifo sofuba (isib. ukuhlala endlini efanayo, ukusebenza endaweni efanayo yokusebenza).
• Uma unomkhuhlane ohlala isikhathi eside .
• Uma ujuluka kakhulu ebusuku .
• Uma ukhwehlela isikhathi eside noma uma ukhwehlela igazi kanye ne-mucus .
• Uma wehlisa isisindo ngaphandle kwesizathu .

Uma ubona into efana nale, ungacabangi nje ukuthi, "Kungenzeka ukuthi lokhu kuyiphutha nje." Ngokubona udokotela ngokushesha nokuhlolwa, ungabona noma yisiphi isifo kusenesikhathi bese uqala ukwelashwa.

Izinto ezibaluleke kakhulu okudingeka uzikhumbule kulesi sihloko (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Kulungile, sesikhulume kakhulu ngesifo sofuba, akunjalo? Izinto ezibaluleke kakhulu okufanele uzikhumbule kukho konke lokhu yilezi:

• Isifo sofuba yisifo esibangelwa amagciwane athinta kakhulu amaphaphu.
• Kusakazeka ngokuhogela amagciwane akhishwa emoyeni lapho umuntu onegciwane ekhwehlela noma ethimula.
• Qaphela uma unezimpawu ezifana nokukhwehlela okuhlala isikhathi esingaphezu kwamasonto amabili, ukujuluka ebusuku, umkhuhlane kanye nokwehla kwesisindo .
• Kukhona ukuhlolwa kwesikhumba (TST) kanye nokuhlolwa kwegazi ukuze kutholakale isifo sofuba.
• Kunezindlela zokwelapha eziphumelelayo zesifo sofuba (`Ama-antibiotics`) . Kodwa-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthatha umuthi isikhathi esiphelele esinqunywe udokotela. Ngaphandle kwalokho, ukumelana nemithi kungase kukhule.
• Ukuzijwayeza imikhuba emihle yezempilo kusiza ekuvimbeleni isifo sofuba.

Khumbula, isifo sofuba akuyona into okufanele uyesabe, kodwa into okufanele uyikhathalele. Uma sitholakale kusenesikhathi futhi selashwa kahle, singalapheka ngokuphelele. Uma unemibuzo, bona udokotela ngokushesha. Hlala uphilile!

Isifo Sofuba, Isifo Sofuba, Isifo Sofuba, Ukutheleleka Kwamaphaphu, Izifo Ezithelelanayo, Izimpawu Zesifo Sofuba, Ukwelashwa Kwesifo Sofuba