Umkhuhlane ongajwayelekile obangelwa umiyane? Ake sixoxe ngegciwane laseNtshonalanga Nile!

Unjani? Kulezi zinsuku, sizwa ngazo zonke izinhlobo zezifo, akunjalo? Ezinye zazo ziyethusa kancane. Namuhla sizokhuluma ngesifo esingajwayelekile segciwane esingasakazwa omiyane. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-West Nile Virus, noma "i-West Nile Virus". Uma uzwa leli gama, ungase ucabange ukuthi kuyinto enkulu, kodwa uma unolwazi olufanele ngalo, akunzima kangako ngathi ukuzivikela kulo. Ngakho-ke, ake sibheke eminye imininingwane?

Iyini i-West Nile Virus?

Kalula nje, i-West Nile Virus iyigciwane elingadluliselwa kubantu uma umiyane onegciwane ubaluma. Indlela engcono kakhulu yokuzivikela kulokhu ukugwema ukulunywa omiyane. Njengo-dengue, omiyane bayimbangela enkulu lapha. Kodwa leli akulona igciwane le-dengue, leli yigciwane elihlukile.

Yiziphi izimpawu uma leli gciwane lingena emzimbeni?

Ingxenye engcono kakhulu ukuthi, esikhathini esiningi, i-West Nile Virus izophela ngaphandle kwezimpawu ngisho nangemva kokuba uyitholile. Lokho kusho ukuthi ungase ungazi nokuthi unaleli gciwane. Yizindaba ezinhle lezo, akunjalo?

Nokho, ngezinye izikhathi izimpawu zingavela. Uma zivele, ngokuvamile azibi zimbi kakhulu. Lezi zimpawu zifaka:

• Umkhuhlane uyaqala.
• Ikhanda lami liyabuhlungu.
• Ubuhlungu bomzimba buyavela. Njengalapho ubamba umkhuhlane.
• Ubuhlungu bamalunga bungase buvele.
• Abanye abantu bangase bahlanze noma bahude .
• Ngezinye izikhathi, kungase kube nezilonda ezincane esikhumbeni, njenge-eczema .

Lezi zimpawu zivame ukuzwakala njengomkhuhlane ojwayelekile wegciwane, ngakho ungakhathazeki.

Kodwa-ke, akuvamile ukuba kube nzima!

Yebo, yilapho okudingeka siqaphele khona kancane. Akuvamile kakhulu, okungukuthi, kubantu abambalwa kakhulu, leli gciwane lingathinta uhlelo lwezinzwa oluphakathi futhi libangele izifo ezinkulu. Isibonelo, izimo ezifana nokuvuvukala kobuchopho (encephalitis) noma ukuvuvukala kolwelwesi olumboze ubuchopho kanye nomgogodla (meningitis) zingavela. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, izimpawu ezifana nalezi:

• Umkhuhlane ophezulu.
• Ikhanda elibuhlungu elingabekezeleleki.
• Intamo eqinile, kunzima ukuyigoba.
• Ukudideka noma ukulahlekelwa yinkumbulo (ngisho namagama akhulunywayo angase ahlanekezelwe).
• Kungase kube nokuquleka .
• Ukukhubazeka (ukulahlekelwa yingxenye yesitho).
• I-Coma (ukulahlekelwa ngokuphelele kwengqondo).

Izimpawu ezinjalo ezinzima zingasongela impilo,Ikakhulukazi kubantu asebekhulile nalabo asebevele behlushwa ezinye izifo. Ngakho-ke, uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izimpawu ezingavamile ezifana nalezi ezihambisana nomkhuhlane, kubaluleke kakhulu ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha.

Abantu bayithola kanjani igciwane le-West Nile?

Lokhu kungase kuzwakale njengendaba eyinkimbinkimbi, kodwa kulula. Igciwane laseNtshonalanga yeNayile livame ukutholakala ezinyonini. Lapho omiyane bemunca igazi ezinyonini ezinegciwane, igciwane lingena emzimbeni womiyane. Bese kuthi, lapho lowo miyane onegciwane uluma umuntu noma esinye isilwane, igciwane lidlulela kubo. Yileyo ndlela elisakazeka ngayo.

Emazweni afana neMelika, kunezinhlobo zomiyane ezingaba ngu-175, kodwa uhlobo olulodwa kuphela olungasakaza leli gciwane. Asazi kahle ngesimo saseSri Lanka, kodwa kuhle ngaso sonke isikhathi ukuqaphela omiyane.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi lesi sifo asisabalali sisuka komunye umuntu siye komunye. Lokho kusho ukuthi awukwazi ukusithola ngokuthinta umuntu onegciwane laseWest Nile, ukukhuluma naye, noma ukuthinta izinto azisebenzisile. Njengodenga, singasakazwa omiyane kuphela.

Kutholakala kanjani ukutheleleka ngegciwane le-West Nile?

Uma unezimpawu zegciwane laseWest Nile, udokotela uzocabangela lezi zici:

• Ingabe uhlala endaweni lapho omiyane abathwala leli gciwane kungenzeka ukuthi bakhona khona, noma uke wavakashela indawo enjalo muva nje ?
• Isizini nayo iyakuthinta lokhu, njengoba omiyane besebenza kakhulu ngesikhathi sezulu esifudumele.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, udokotela angathumela isampula yegazi lakho elabhorethri ukuze ahlole lokhu kutheleleka.

Ngezinye izikhathi, uma umuntu ebonisa izimpawu ezinzima, njenge-"encephalitis" noma "meningitis", angase futhi enze "ukubhoboza i-lumbar / i-spinal tap" . Lokhu kuhilela ukuthatha inani elincane loketshezi oluzungeze ubuchopho nomgogodla bese ulihlola. Naphezu kwegama lalo elisabekayo, lokhu kuyindlela ebaluleke kakhulu yokuhlola lesi sifo.

Kuphathwa kanjani lokhu?

Iningi lezifo zegciwane laseWest Nile liziphelela ngokwalo ngaphandle kokwelashwa okukhethekile. Uma unezinhlungu ezincane, ungathatha i-paracetamol noma i-ibuprofen. Kubalulekile futhi ukuphuza uketshezi oluningi ukuze uvimbele ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni.

Kodwa-ke, uma umuntu eba nezimpawu ezinzima, kuzodingeka alaliswe esibhedlela futhi elashwe. Uzonikezwa uketshezi lwe-IV, izinsiza zokuphefumula, kanye nolunye ukwelashwa okudingekayo. Khumbula, akukho ukwelashwa okuqondile kwe-encephalitis yegciwane laseWest Nile noma i-meningitis. Njengoba lesi kuyisifo esibangelwa amagciwane, ama-antibiotic ngeke asize. Ama-antibiotic asebenza kuphela ekulweni nokutheleleka ngamagciwane. Futhi, awukho umuthi wokugomela leli gciwane okwamanje.

Ingabe ukutheleleka ngegciwane laseWest Nile kungavinjelwa?

Yebo! Ungakwenza nakanjani. Indlela engcono kakhulu yokuzivikela wena nomndeni wakho egciwaneni laseWest Nile ukugwema ukulunywa omiyane. Lokhu kuyinto sonke okudingeka siyinake. Nazi ezinye izinto ongayenza:

• Sebenzisa izikrini emafasiteleni naseminyango yakho. Uma kukhona izikrini eziphukile noma ezonakele, zilungise ngokushesha. Gcina iminyango namafasitela angenazikrini zivaliwe, ikakhulukazi kusihlwa.
• Uma uphuma ngaphandle, gqoka izingubo ezimboza umzimba wakho ngangokunokwenzeka. Kungcono ukugqoka amahembe anemikhono emide, amabhulukwe amade, izicathulo, kanye namasokisi.
• Sebenzisa umuthi wokuxosha izinambuzane ngokwemiyalelo. Khetha oqukethe isithako esivunyelwe yi-Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), njenge-DEET noma i-picaridin. Ezinganeni ezingaphezu kweminyaka emi-3 ubudala, ungasebenzisa futhi oqukethe uwoyela we-lemon eucalyptus. Uma usebenzisa lokhu, landela imiyalelo esebhodleleni ngqo.
• Zama ukugwema ukuba ngaphandle ngangokunokwenzeka ekuseni kakhulu nantambama kakhulu, lapho ilanga selizophuma futhi lishone. Yilapho omiyane bevame kakhulu khona.
• Susa izindawo lapho omiyane bebeka amaqanda abo khona! Omiyane babeka amaqanda abo ezindaweni lapho amanzi eqoqana khona. Ngakho-ke, susa izindawo lapho amanzi eqoqana khona ezintweni ezifana namabhakede, amathini kadoti, kanye namathayi amadala. Khulula okungenani kanye ngesonto izindawo zokugeza izinyoni, izitsha zezinja, kanye nezimbiza zezimbali, uzigeze kahle, bese uzihlanza. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ekuvimbeleni i-dengue.

Khumbula, ukugwema omiyane kuyisinyathelo esibaluleke kakhulu sokuzivikela kuleli gciwane, njengoba nje nathi senza ukuze sizivikele ku-dengue.

Yini enye engidinga ukuyazi?

Kwamanye amazwe, imiphakathi isebenzisana ukusiza izikhulu zezempilo ukuthi zithole amaphethini okusabalala kwegciwane laseWest Nile. Uma ubona inyoni efile endaweni yakini, ungayithinti ngezandla zakho. Kunalokho, xhumana noMhloli Wezempilo Yomphakathi (i-PHI) noma ihhovisi le-Medical Officer of Health (MOH) ukuze uthole iseluleko ngalokho okufanele ukwenze. Uma kunemibiko eminingi yezinyoni ezifile endaweni efanayo, izikhulu zezempilo zingahlola izinyoni ukuze zibone ukuthi zithelelekile yini ngaleli gciwane. Uma ukutheleleka okunjalo kuqinisekiswa, zingathatha izinyathelo zokulawula omiyane endaweni, njengokufutha izibulala-zinambuzane.

Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya

Kulungile, ake siphinde sixoxe ngamanye amaphuzu abaluleke kakhulu kulokho esikhulume ngakho.

• I-West Nile Virus iyigciwane elidluliselwa omiyane.
• Iningi labantu alibi nezimpawu, noma uma zibonakala, ngokuvamile ziba zincane.
• Kodwa-ke, akuvamile ukuba kube nzima,Ikakhulukazi uma uhlelo lwezinzwa luthintekile. Uma uzwa izimpawu ezifana nomkhuhlane ophakeme, ikhanda elibuhlungu, intamo eqinile, noma ukudideka, funa iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha.
• Akukho muthi noma umuthi wokugomela othize okwamanje. Ukwelashwa kusekelwe ezimpawini.
• Ukuvimbela kuyindlela engcono kakhulu yokuzivikela komiyane. Kubalulekile ukusebenzisa amanethi omiyane, ukugqoka izingubo ezimboza umzimba wakho, ukusebenzisa imithi yokuxosha omiyane, nokubhubhisa izindawo zokuzalela omiyane.

Ngakho-ke, ungesabi ngokungadingekile ngokuzwa ngaleli gciwane laseWest Nile. Kodwa-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela futhi uthathe izinyathelo ezidingekayo ukuze sizivikele komiyane. Ngemuva kwalokho singazigwema lezi zifo futhi sihlale siphilile. Uma uneminye imibuzo, ungangabazi ukubuza udokotela.

Igciwane laseNtshonalanga yeNayile, Igciwane laseNtshonalanga yeNayile, umkhuhlane womiyane, izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane, ukugwema omiyane, izimpawu, ukuvimbela