Uke waba nobunzima bokuphefumula, ukuvuvukala emilenzeni yakho, noma inkinga yenhliziyo futhi udokotela wakho ekutshelile ngokuhlinzwa okubizwa ngokuthi "i-Pericardiectomy"? Ungase wesabe kancane uma uzwa lelo gama, futhi lokho kuyinto evamile. Kodwa ungakhathazeki. Indlela engcono kakhulu yokubhekana nanoma yini ukwaziswa ngokugcwele ngakho. Ngakho-ke namuhla, sizoxoxa ngalokhu kuhlinzwa, ukuthi kwenziwa kanjani, nokuthi kwenzekani ngemva kokuhlinzwa ngendlela elula kakhulu ongayiqonda.
Okokuqala, iyini le 'pericardium'?
Kalula nje, i-pericardium iyisikhwama esivikelayo esizungeze inhliziyo yakho. Uma sikhuluma iqiniso, iyisikhwama esinezindonga ezimbili. Phakathi kwalezi zindonga ezimbili kukhona inani elincane kakhulu loketshezi. Lolu ketshezi lusiza inhliziyo ukuba ishaye kahle, ngaphandle kobunzima, ngaphandle kokungqubuzana. Ngamanye amazwi, lusebenza njengesithambisi somsebenzi wenhliziyo.
Kodwa ungaphila ngaphandle kwalesi simbozo?
Yebo, kungenzeka nakanjani. Le 'Pericardium' ayibalulekile ekusebenzeni okuvamile kwenhliziyo. Uma amaphaphu akho kanye nemisipha emikhulu engaphansi kwawo ebizwa ngokuthi i-diaphragm kulungile, ukususa lesi simbozo ngeke kubangele izinkinga. Eqinisweni, uma unesifo esifana ne-'Pericarditis' (ukuvuvukala kwe-pericardium), izakhiwo zokugcoba ze-'Pericardium' yakho sezilahlekile kakade. Ngakho-ke ukuyisusa ngeke kwenze isimo sibe sibi kakhulu.
Ngakho-ke, yiziphi izizathu zokwenza lokhu kuhlinzwa (i-Pericardiectomy)?
Isizathu esiyinhloko nesivame kakhulu salokhu kuhlinzwa yisimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-Constrictive Pericarditis .
Cabanga nje, bekuzokwenzekani uma lesi sikhwama esiguquguqukayo esizungeze inhliziyo yakho siba some, sijiyile, futhi sifane negobolondo likakhukhunathi eliqinile? Besinganciphisa isikhala sokuba inhliziyo yakho ishaye ngokukhululeka futhi igcwale igazi, akunjalo? Yilokho okubizwa ngokuthi 'i-Constrictive Pericarditis'.
Uma ulwelwesi lwenhliziyo luqina futhi luqina kanje:
- Amakamelo enhliziyo awagcwali igazi elanele.
- Igazi okufanele liphampulwe yinhliziyo liqala ukubuyela emaphashini.
- Inhliziyo ayikwazi ukupompa igazi ngendlela evamile.
- Imilenze nesisu kuqala ukuvuvukala.
- Lezi izimpawu ezifana nokwehluleka kwenhliziyo.
Ezimweni ze-'Constrictive Pericarditis' enzima, ikhambi elingcono kakhulu ukususa lesi simbozo esijiyile ngokuhlinzwa.
Ithebula elingezansi libala izici eziningana ezingabangela 'i-Constrictive Pericarditis'.
| Isizathu | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| Izimbangela ezingakahlonzwa (Idiopathic) | Ngokuvamile, imbangela ethile yalesi simo ayitholakali. |
| Ukuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo kwangaphambilini | Kungaba umphumela ongemuhle wokuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo kwangaphambilini. |
| Ukwelashwa ngemisebe esifubeni | Uma uke wathola ukwelashwa ngemisebe esifubeni ngenxa yezifo ezifana nomdlavuza. |
| Ezinye izifo | Izifo ezifana nesifo sofuba kanye ne-Mesothelioma. |
| Ukutheleleka ngegciwane noma amagciwane | Ukutheleleka okukhulu okuthinta inhliziyo. |
Ngaphezu kwalesi sizathu esiyinhloko, ukuhlinzwa kwe-Pericardiectomy kwenziwa kwezinye izimo eziningana:
- Ezimweni ze-pericarditis ephindaphindayo.
- Ngenxa yezinkinga ezivela kweminye imithi.
- Akuvamile kakhulu ukuthi kube nesimo esibizwa ngokuthi 'i-Cardiac Tamponade' lapho uketshezi luqoqana luzungeze inhliziyo bese lucindezela inhliziyo.
Indlela ukuhlinzwa okwenziwa ngayo kanye nesikhathi sokululama
I-Pericardiectomy iwukuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo okuvulekile. Ithimba lokuhlinzwa:
1. Kwenziwa i-incision eduze kwethambo lesifuba (sternum) phakathi kwesifuba sakho ukuze kufinyelelwe enhliziyweni. Le nqubo ibizwa ngokuthi i-Median Sternotomy .
2. Uzovame ukuxhunywa emshinini owenza umsebenzi wenhliziyo namaphaphu okwesikhashana (i-cardiopulmonary bypass). Lokhu kuvumela odokotela ukuthi basuse ngokuphephile ulwelwesi olungemuva nasemaceleni enhliziyo yakho.
3. Isembozo esiqinile nesiqinile esizungeze inhliziyo (`i-pericardium`) sisuswa ngokucophelela.
4. Ngemva kokuhlinzwa, i-sternum ixhunywa kabusha ngezintambo bese i-incision ivalwa ngezitishi.
Lokhu kuhlinzwa kuvame ukuthatha cishe amahora amabili kuya kwamathathu . Ngemva kokuhlinzwa, uzoqashwa egunjini lokunakekelwa okujulile izinsuku ezimbalwa, futhi ngokuvamile uzoqashwa.Kuzodingeka uhlale esibhedlela izinsuku eziphakathi kwezi-5 nezi-7 .
Kuthatha phakathi kwamasonto ayi-6 kuya kwayi-8 ukululama ngokuphelele. Kufanele ugweme ukuphakamisa izinto ezisindayo phakathi nalesi sikhathi, kodwa kancane kancane ungaqhubeka nemisebenzi evamile yasekhaya.
Yiziphi izinzuzo nezingozi zokuhlinzwa?
Njenganoma yikuphi ukuhlinzwa okukhulu, lokhu kunezinzuzo kanye nezingozi. Izingozi zingancishiswa ngokuba ukuhlinzwa kwenziwe udokotela ohlinza inhliziyo onolwazi.
| Izinzuzo | Izingozi |
|---|---|
| Cishe ukunyamalala okuphelele kwezimpawu. | Izinkinga zokopha. |
| Kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi umuntu alulame ngokuphelele kunokusebenzisa imithi. | Ukuthi kufanele ngifakwe igazi. |
| Ukuvimbela ukulimala okwengeziwe emisipheni yenhliziyo. | Ukuphazamiseka kwenhliziyo (i-Atrial Fibrillation). |
| Ikhwalithi yokuphila ekhulayo. | Ukulimala kwezinso. |
| Akuvamile kakhulu ukuthi kube nomonakalo emsipheni osiza ekuphefumuleni (i-phrenic nerve). | |
| Kuncane kakhulu, ingozi yokufa ingu-1% - 2%. |
Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela ngemva kokuhlinzwa?
Ngemva kokubuyela ekhaya usuka esibhedlela, kufanele wazise udokotela wakho ngokushesha uma kuvela izimpawu eziyisixwayiso.
- Uma uzwa ubuhlungu obukhulu esifubeni .
- Uma unomkhuhlane .
- Uma kuphuma uketshezi oluningi kunokuvamile enxebeni lokuhlinzwa.
Ngokuvamile, uzobona udokotela wakho wenhliziyo zingakapheli isonto noma amabili ngemuva kokuphuma esibhedlela. Futhi, kuzokwenziwa i-echocardiogram cishe ngemva kwamasonto ayisithupha ukuhlola ukuthi inhliziyo yakho isebenza kanjani.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Pericardiectomy iwukuhlinzwa okukhulu okususa isembozo sangaphandle esiqinile nesiqinile senhliziyo.
- Lokhu kuvame ukwenziwa njengokwelashwa kwesimo esibizwa ngokuthi 'i-Constrictive Pericarditis'.
- Nakuba lokhu kuwukuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo evulekile, imiphumela ephumelelayo ingatholakala uma kwenziwa ngaphansi kokuqondisa kwethimba lezokwelapha elinolwazi.
- Nakuba kuthatha cishe amasonto ayi-6-8 ukululama ngokugcwele ngemva kokuhlinzwa, abantu abaningi baba nemiphumela emihle kakhulu yesikhathi eside.
- Uma unemibuzo noma unemibuzo mayelana nokuhlinzwa, xoxa ngakho ngokukhululekile nodokotela wakho. Bazokunikeza lonke ulwazi kanye nokusekelwa okudingayo.
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