Wake wezwa "ngomgodi enhliziyweni"? Mhlawumbe udokotela wakho ukutshelile ngakho. Eqinisweni, sonke sinomgodi omncane onjengalona ezinhliziyweni zethu uma sisesibelethweni. Kuyinto edingekayo ngaleso sikhathi. Kodwa ngemva kokuzalwa, lo mgodi uvame ukuvala wodwa. Kodwa kwabanye abantu, lo mgodi uhlala ungavaleki ngokuphelele. Ngokwezokwelapha siwubiza ngokuthi i-Patent Foramen Ovale, noma `(PFO)` ngamafuphi. Lesi yisimo esivamile cishe umuntu oyedwa kwabane abanaso. Kwabaningi abantu, lokhu akubangeli izinkinga. Kodwa-ke, kwabanye abantu, kungabangela izinkinga. Yilapho-ke sikhuluma khona ngokwelashwa `(PFO Closure)`.
Kalula nje, kuyini ukuvalwa kwe-PFO?
Ukuvalwa kwe-PFO kuyindlela encane yokuhlinzwa yokuvala unomphela imbobo encane (PFO) phakathi kwamakamelo amabili aphezulu (i-atria) yenhliziyo yakho. Kodwa-ke, akudingi ukusikwa okukhulu. Udokotela ufaka ipayipi elincane kakhulu, eliguquguqukayo, elibizwa ngokuthi "i-catheter", enhliziyweni yakho ngomthambo omkhulu wegazi kwenye indawo emzimbeni wakho.
Ngaleli payipi, kufakwa idivayisi encane, eklanyelwe ngokukhethekile emgodini osenhliziyweni bese ivalwa. Cabanga ngale divayisi njenge-yo-yo encane, noma inkinobho encane enezindilinga ezimbili ohlangothini ngalunye. Indilinga eyodwa imboza uhlangothi olulodwa lomgodi, kanti enye indilinga imboza olunye uhlangothi.
Ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngemva kokufakwa kwedivayisi, izicubu zomzimba wakho ziqala ukukhula zizungeze yona. Ngemva kwezinyanga ezintathu kuya kweziyisithupha, idivayisi imbozwe ngokuphelele yizicubu zenhliziyo, ibe yingxenye yodonga lwenhliziyo.
Kodwa-ke, ake sithi i-PFO yakho inkulu kune-25 millimeters. Kuleso simo, udokotela wakho angase anqume ukwenza ukuhlinzwa okuvulekile esikhundleni sale ndlela `(Catheter)`. Kodwa-ke, izimo ezinjalo azivamile.
Kukuziphi izimo lapho lokhu kwelashwa kudingeka khona?
Iningi labantu abane-PFO abadingi ukwelashwa. Kodwa-ke, kwezinye izimo, ikakhulukazi uma ihlule legazi lingadlula emgodini liye ebuchosheni futhi libangele izinkinga, udokotela angase ancome lokhu kwelashwa.
| Lapho Ukwelashwa Kokuvalwa Kwe-PFO Kunganconywa Khona | |
|---|---|
| I-Cryptogenic Stroke | Ikakhulukazi uma umuntu osemusha eke waba nesifo sohlangothi esifana nalesi. |
| Ukuhlaselwa Kwe-Ischemic Yesikhashana (i-TIA) | Lokhu kufana ne-mini-stroke. Uma lokhu kwenzeka kaninginingi. |
| Ukwehla kwamazinga omoya-mpilo egazini | Kwezinye izimo, i-PFO ingabangela amazinga aphansi omoya-mpilo egazini. |
| I-Migraines | Kunobufakazi bokuthi i-PFO ihlotshaniswa nezinye izimo ezinzima ze-migraine. |
| Ihlule legazi liyahamba | Uma ihlule legazi lidlule ku-PFO laya kwenye ingxenye yomzimba. |
Uzilungiselela kanjani ngaphambi kokwelashwa?
Kuzodingeka wenze izivivinyo eziningana ngaphambi kwalokhu kwelashwa.
- I-X-ray yesifuba
- Ukuskena kwenhliziyo (i-Echocardiogram)
- Ukuhlolwa kwe-ECG (i-Electrocardiogram)
- Ukuhlolwa kwegazi okuningana
Ngaphezu kwalokho, uzotshelwa ukuthi uqale ukuthatha imithi efana ne -aspirin ne-clopidogrel ukuvimbela ukujiya kwegazi. Udokotela wakho uzokutshela usuku oluqondile okufanele uqale ngalo ukuthatha le mithi. Ngesikhathi sokwelashwa, uzonikezwa neminye imithi yokuvimbela ukujiya kwegazi.
Indlela ukwelashwa okusebenza ngayo isinyathelo ngesinyathelo
Lokhu kwelashwa kuvame ukuthatha cishe ihora noma amabili. Nakhu okwenzekayo uma sekuqediwe:
1. Ukuba ndikindiki: Okokuqala, kunikezwa umuthi wokubulala izinzwa wendawo ukuze kuncishiswe indawo engaphakathi kwesisu lapho kuzofakwa khona i-catheter. Ngezinye izikhathi, kungasetshenziswa umuthi wokubulala izinzwa ojwayelekile uma kudingeka.
2. Ukusikwa okuncane: Kwenziwa ukusikwa okuncane kakhulu endaweni yesisu.
3. Ukufaka i-catheter: I-catheter ifakwa emthanjeni omkhulu wegazi ngokusebenzisa i-incision.
4. Ukuya enhliziyweni: Ngemuva kwalokho, i-catheter iyiswa enhliziyweni ngokucophelela.
5. Ukuthwebula Izithombe: Kufakwa idayi ekhethekile enhliziyweni ukuze kubhekwe kahle bese kuthathwa izithombe ze-X-ray (i-Angiography). Futhi, kusetshenziselwa ukuskena ingaphakathi lenhliziyo (i-Ultrasound) ukukala usayizi oqondile we-PFO.
6. Kala umgodi:Kufakwa i-catheter enebhaluni ekhethekile, ivuvukele, bese kulinganiswa ubukhulu obuqondile bomgodi.
7. Ukufakwa kwedivayisi: Manje idivayisi yokuvala i-PFO idluliselwa nge-catheter iye enhliziyweni futhi iboshwe emaceleni ukuze kuvalwe imbobo.
8. Ukuqinisekisa indawo: Kwenziwa okunye ukuskena (i-Transthoracic Echocardiogram) ukuze kuhlolwe ukuthi idivayisi ikhona yini.
9. Ukuqedwa: Uma konke kulungile, i-catheter isuswa ngokucophelela.
Kwenzekani ngemva kokwelashwa?
Ngemva kokwelashwa, kuzodingeka uphumule embhedeni cishe amahora ayisithupha. Cishe uzokwazi ukuya ekhaya kusihlwa noma ngakusasa ekuseni. Nazi ezinye izinto okufanele uzikhumbule ngemva kokubuyela ekhaya:
- Ungahamba, kodwa ungahambi ngokushesha.
- Ungashayeli izinsuku ezimbili.
- Ungaphakamisi ngaphezu kwamakhilogremu angu-10 (cishe amakhilogremu angu-4.5) isonto lonke.
- Ungenzi noma yikuphi ukuvivinya umzimba okunzima inyanga yonke.
- Ngokuvamile ungabuyela emisebenzini yakho evamile zingakapheli isonto. Kodwa-ke , kubalulekile ukuxoxa ngakho konke lokhu nodokotela wakho bese ulandela imiyalelo yakhe.
Uzonikezwa imithi ozoyisebenzisa ekhaya. Kuzodingeka uphuze i-aspirin noma eminye imithi yokwehlisa igazi nsuku zonke izinyanga eziyisithupha noma ngaphezulu. Uzotshelwa ukuthi uthathe ama-antibiotic ngaphambi kwezinqubo ezithile zezokwelapha, njengokuhlanza amazinyo. Udokotela wakho uzokuchazela konke lokhu.
Yiziphi izinzuzo nezingozi zalokhu?
Izinzuzo
- Kungavimbela ukushaywa yisifo sohlangothi esikhathini esizayo okungatholakali imbangela yaso.
- Ngeke uzizwe le divayisi emzimbeni wakho.
- Ngeke kushiye isilonda esikhulu.
- Izinto ezenziwe ngazo le divayisi sekuyisikhathi eside zibonakala ziphephile kakhulu.
Izingozi
Lokhu kwelashwa kuphephile kakhulu uma kwenziwa udokotela onolwazi, kodwa njenganoma iyiphi inqubo yezokwelapha, kunezingozi ezithile.
- Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile (i-Atrial Fibrillation).
- Amahlule egazi.
- Ukopha noma ukutheleleka endaweni ye-catheter.
- Idivayisi isuka endaweni yayo yokufakwa (lokhu kwenzeka kaningi kakhulu).
- Abantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-60 banamathuba amancane okuba nezinkinga.
Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izimpawu ezingavamile, njengokuvuvukala, ubuhlungu obukhulu, ukopha, noma umkhuhlane endaweni yokufaka i-catheter, kufanele wazise udokotela wakho ngokushesha .
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-PFO iyimbobo encane enhliziyweni abantu abaningi abanayo futhi ngokuvamile ayinangozi.
- Lokhu kwelashwa kokuvalwa kwe-PFO kwenziwa kuphela ukuvimbela izimo ezithile zengozi ezifana nesifo sohlangothi.
- Lena indlela yokwelapha ephephile engadingi ukusikwa okukhulu futhi ngokuvamile yenziwa nge-catheter.
- Ngemva kokwelashwa, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthatha imithi enqunywe udokotela ngesikhathi, ngendlela enqunywe udokotela, nokulandela imiyalelo yakhe.
- Ngaphambi kokunquma ukuthi lokhu kwelashwa kukufanele yini, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngokucophelela, uqonde izinzuzo nezingozi, bese wenza isinqumo enivumelana ngaso nobabili.
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