Wake wazibona yini izibani ezinemibala, amachashazi akhanyayo, noma izinkanyezi uma uvala amehlo akho noma usegumbini elimnyama kakhulu? Kwezokwelapha, lezi zinto sizibiza ngokuthi ama-Phosphenes ngoba sizibona ngaphakathi kwamehlo ethu, noma kungekho ukukhanya. Ngezinye izikhathi lokhu kungaba yinto evamile kakhulu, engenangozi. Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi kungaba uphawu lokuqala lwenkinga ngaphakathi kweso noma ebuchosheni. Ngakho-ke namuhla, ake sixoxe ngala ma-Phosphenes ngendlela elula.
Zibukeka kanjani lezi phosphenes ezibonakalayo empeleni?
Abantu abake babhekana nalokhu bakuchaza ngezindlela ezahlukene. Abanye bathi kubukeka njengempuphu ecwebezelayo entanta phambi kwamehlo abo. Abanye bathi kubukeka sengathi izinkanyezi ziyandiza. Ngezinye izikhathi, ungabona ngisho nezimo ezahlukahlukene zejometri. Into ebalulekile ukuthi akukho ukukhanya kwangaphandle okudingeka kungene emehlweni ukuze ubone lezi zinto.
Kungani sibona ama-phosphene kanje? Yiziphi izizathu eziyinhloko?
Kungaba nezizathu eziningi ze-phosphenes. Ngezinye izikhathi zingavela ngaphandle kwesizathu esibonakalayo. Ake sibheke izimbangela eziyinhloko.
Izizathu ezilula nezivamile
Cabanga nje uma uvala amehlo akho bese uwacindezela kancane ngesandla sakho, noma uma ufinya amehlo akho, uma uwavula, ngokuzumayo ubona ukukhanya, akunjalo? Leso yisibonelo esilula kakhulu se-Phosphenes. Futhi,
- Uma ikhanda lishaya into ethile: Siphinde sithi "Ngibone izinkanyezi." Uma ikhanda lishaya into ethile kanzima, ingcindezi esweni ingavuselela amaseli e-photoreceptor angaphakathi kweso, okubangela ukukhanya kukhanye.
- Uma ukhwehlela noma uthimula kakhulu: Ama-phosphene angavela ngalesi sikhathi ngenxa yokucindezeleka ekhanda nasemahlweni.
- Uma usukuma ngokushesha: Abanye abantu, ikakhulukazi labo abanomfutho wegazi ophansi, bangase babone izinkanyezi zindiza phambi kwamehlo abo uma besukuma ngokuzumayo behleli. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ukugeleza kwegazi ebuchosheni kwehla ngokuzumayo.
Ama-phosphene abangelwa yizimbangela ezilula njengalezi ngokuvamile awayona into okufanele akhathazeke ngayo. Avela lapha nalaphaya bese enyamalala.
Izizathu zezokwelapha okufanele uzicabangele
Ama-phosphene angavela ngezizathu ezilula, kanye nophawu lwezinye izimo zezokwelapha ezimbi kakhulu. Ake sihlukanise lezi zigaba zibe yizigaba ezimbili: izinkinga zamehlo nezinkinga zesimiso sezinzwa.
1. Izinkinga ze-retina
I-retina iyi-membrane ezwela ukukhanya ngaphakathi kwamehlo ethu ebamba ukukhanya. Kufana nefilimu ekhamera. Izinkinga ngalokhu zingabangela ama-phosphenes.
| Isimo sezokwelapha | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| Ukuhlukaniswa kwe-Retinal | Lesi yisimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha. I-retina iyasuka esicutshini esisekelayo. Uma ingelashwa ngokushesha, kungaba ubumpumputhe. Uma ubona izinto ezintantayo phambi kwamehlo akho kanye nama-phosphenes, bheka udokotela ngokushesha. |
| Ukususwa Kwama-Vitreous Angemuva | Ijeli le-vitreous elingaphakathi kweso liyasuka ku-retina. Lesi yisimo esivamile esenzeka njengoba sikhula. |
| Ukulimala kwamehlo okubangelwa isifo sikashukela (i-Diabetic Retinopathy) | Uma isifo sikashukela singalawulwa, lesi simo singabangelwa ukulimala kwemithambo yegazi esweni. |
| Ukonakala kwe-Macular okuhlobene nobudala | Lokhu kuthinta kakhulu umbono ophakathi futhi kubangelwa ukulimala kwe-macula, ingxenye ye-retina. |
2. Izinkinga zemizwa
Ama-phosphenes angaba uphawu lwezinkinga zobuchopho nezinzwa.
| Isimo sezokwelapha | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| I-Optic Neuritis | Ukuvuvukala noma ukutheleleka kwe-optic nerve, exhumanisa iso nobuchopho. Lesi simo ngezinye izikhathi singaba uphawu lokuqala lwesifo esibizwa ngokuthi i-Multiple Sclerosis (MS). |
| Ikhanda elibuhlungu | Abanye abantu babhekana nokuphazamiseka kokubona (visual auras) ngaphambi kokuhlaselwa yikhanda elibuhlungu. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, bangase babone ama-phosphenes, okuyizibani noma izimo ezahlukene. |
| Ukuquleka | I-Mesmerism ibangelwa umsebenzi kagesi ongalawuleki ebuchosheni. Lokhu kuvuselelwa kagesi kungabangela ama-phosphenes. |
| Ezinye izifo zemizwa | Lokhu kungabonakala nasezimweni ezifana ne-dementia, isifo sikaParkinson, kanye nokungasebenzi kahle kwemisipha ye-vertebrobasilar. |
| Ukulimala Kobuchopho Okubuhlungu | Ama-phosphenes angavela futhi njengophawu lokulimala kobuchopho okubangelwa ukulimala ekhanda. |
Ezinye izizathu
Ngaphezu kwezizathu ezingenhla,
- Ukwelashwa ngemisebe yomdlavuza, ikakhulukazi ekhanda, entanyeni, noma emehlweni.
- Ukwelashwa kwe-Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) kwezifo zezinzwa ezifana nokucindezeleka.
- Ukusetshenziswa kwemithi ethile, izidakamizwa, noma utshwala.
- Njengezimpawu zokuhoxa lapho uyeka utshwala noma imithi ethile.
Kufanele simbone nini udokotela ngalokhu?
Lena yingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu. Nakuba kujwayelekile ukubona lezi zinto uma ufiphaza amehlo, uma unezinye zezimpawu ezilandelayo, kufanele nakanjani ubone udokotela, ikakhulukazi udokotela wamehlo.
- Uma ubona ama-phosphene njalo: Uma ubona njalo ukukhanya phambi kwamehlo akho ngaphandle kwesizathu.
- Uma ubona izinto ezintantayo: Uma ubona izinto ezifana ne-spider webs noma amachashazi amnyama entanta phambi kwamehlo akho uma ubheka ukukhanya, lokhu kungaba uphawu lokuhlukana kwe-retinal.
- Uma umbono wakho uba lufifi (umbono ofiphele) noma ubona izinto njengezimbili (i-Diplopia).
- Uma unesifo sikashukela: Uma umuntu onesifo sikashukela eba nalezi zimpawu, kungaba uphawu lokuthi kukhona ukulimala kwamehlo.
- Uma ingxenye yombono wakho izwakala imnyama.
Ama-phosphenes awayona ingozi ngaso sonke isikhathi. Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi angaba uphawu lokuqala lwesifo esingathi sína. Ngakho-ke uma unokungabaza, noma uma unesibonakaliso esisha, kungcono kakhulu ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho bese uxazulula ngaphandle kokusinaka.
Iphathwa kanjani i-phosphenes?
Kalula nje, akukho ukwelashwa okuqondile kwezimpawu ze-phosphenes. Odokotela bazama ukuthola imbangela eyisisekelo bese belapha leyo mbangela.
Isibonelo, uma imbangela kuyisifo sikashukela, isifo sikashukela sidinga ukulawulwa kahle. Uma imbangela iwukuqhekeka kwe-retina, sidinga ukwelashwa ngokushesha. Uma kuyi-migraine, khona-ke imithi efanele idinga ukuthathwa. Ngakho-ke, ukuthola imbangela kuyisinyathelo sokuqala nesibaluleke kakhulu ekwelashweni.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ama-phosphene yizinto ezibonakalayo lapho iso libona khona ukukhanya, izinkanyezi, noma izimo ezahlukahlukene ngaphandle kokukhanya kwangempela.
- Ama-phosphene abangelwa yizimbangela ezilula njengokuhlikihla amehlo, ukukhwehlela, noma ukushaya ikhanda lakho ngokuvamile akusikho okufanele ukhathazeke ngakho.
- Kodwa-ke, zingaba uphawu lwezimo ezibucayi njengezinkinga ze-retina, izimo zemizwa, kanye nesifo sikashukela.
- Uma uhlangabezana nama-phosphene avamile, ahambisana nezinye izimpawu ezifana nokungaboni kahle noma ukubona izinto ezintantayo, funa iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha, ikakhulukazi kudokotela wamehlo.
- Ukwelashwa akusikho okwe-phosphenes ngokwazo, kodwa kwesimo sezokwelapha esiyisisekelo esibangela lokhu. Uma unenkinga ngokubona kwakho, ungalokothi ungayinaki.
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