Ingabe i-cornea yengane yakho inkulu ngendlela engavamile? Kungenzeka ukuthi ibangelwa yi-Megalocornea!

Wake wabheka amehlo engane yakho eduze? Ngezinye izikhathi singabona ukuthi i-cornea, ingxenye ecacile, eyindilinga lapho ukukhanya kungena khona iso, inkulu kakhulu. Noma mhlawumbe uke wadideka kancane lapho udokotela ekutshele igama elithi ``Megalocornea''. Iyini ngempela ``Megalocornea''? Ungakhathazeki, sizoxoxa ngayo ngendlela elula ongayiqonda.

Kuyini ngempela `(Megalocornea)`?

Kalula nje, `(Megalocornea)` yilapho ulwelwesi olubonakalayo olungaphambili kweso, ingxenye esiyibiza ngokuthi i-cornea , lukhulu kunokuvamile. Cabanga, uma iso lethu lifana nekhamera, le-cornea ifana nengilazi evikelayo engaphambili kwelensi yaleyo khamera. Ukukhanya kungena iso ngale. Endabeni `(Megalocornea)`, ububanzi balo cornea (okungukuthi, ibanga ukusuka kolunye uhlangothi kuya kolunye) bungaphezu kwamamilimitha ayi-13. Ngokuvamile, lobukhulu enganeni encane buncane kakhulu.

Okunye okwenzekayo ngalokhu ukuthi isikhala esigcwele uketshezi phakathi kwe-cornea nengxenye enombala yeso (esiyibiza ngokuthi i-iris), ebizwa ngokuthi ikamelo elingaphambili , siba sijulile kunokujwayelekile.

Into ebalulekile ukuthi `(Megalocornea)` yisimo `(sokuzalwa)` . Lokhu kusho ukuthi ingane izalwa nalezi zici. Esikhathini esiningi, odokotela bayakubona isencane. Abantu abaningi abanazo izinkinga ezinkulu zokubona ngenxa yalokhu, futhi akusona isimo `(esiqhubekayo)` esiba sibi kakhulu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ngokuvamile sifana naso. Lokhu kuphambene nesimo esibizwa ngokuthi `(Microcornea)`. Ku-`(Microcornea)`, i-cornea incane ngendlela engavamile.

Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi lesi simo `(Megalocornea)` singahlotshaniswa nezinye izifo. Isibonelo, sibonakala ngezifo zezicubu ezixhumeneyo njenge `(Marfan syndrome)`. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, ingane yakho ingaba sengozini yokuthola ezinye izifo zamehlo njenge-cataracts. Yingakho kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela isimo `(Megalocornea)` kusenesikhathi. Khona-ke odokotela bangaqapha amehlo engane kanye nokubona kwayo.

Odokotela basebenzisa amanye amagama amaningana kulesi simo:

• I-megalophthalmos yangaphambili
• I-megalophthalmia yangaphambi kokuzalwa
• I-megalocornea yokuzalwa ehlukanisiwe
• I-Macrocornea

I-Megalocornea iwathinta kanjani amehlo?

Ngokuvamile, isimo esithi "Megalocornea" sithinta womabili amehlo. Ngokuyinhloko ngezindlela ezimbili:

1. Ububanzi be-cornea (obulinganiswa kusukela kolunye uhlangothi kuya kolunye) bukhulu kunokwejwayelekile (bungaphezu kwamamilimitha ayi-13).

2. Ingxenye engaphambili yeso, lapho kugeleza khona uketshezi olucacile nolunamanzi (igumbi elingaphambili) lujula kunokuvamile.

Lezi zinguquko yizo ezenza amehlo abonakale emakhulu kancane uma uwabuka ngaphandle.

Ubani othinteka kakhulu yilesi simo?

I-Megalocornea ivame ukubonakala kubafana . Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi amacala angaphezu kuka-90% e-megalocornea abangelwa ukuguquka kwezakhi zofuzo ku-chromosome X. Lezi zimo ezixhunywe ku-X zithinta abafana kakhulu kunamantombazane.

Lesi yisimo esingavamile kakhulu . Abacwaningi abakwazi ukusho ngokuqondile ukuthi bangaki abantu abazalwa naso, kodwa bakholelwa ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi asihlolwanga kahle.

Yiziphi izinhlobo eziyinhloko ze-`(Megalocornea)`?

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko ze-`(Megalocornea)`:

1. I-megalocornea ehlukanisiwe noma elula : Lokhu kuthinta i-cornea kuphela futhi akuhlotshaniswa nanoma yisiphi esinye isifo.

2. I-Anterior megalophthalmos : Lolu hlobo luhlotshaniswa nesimo esingaphansi, ngakho-ke lungathinta ezinye izingxenye zamehlo engane noma ezinye izingxenye zomzimba.

Yini ebangela iMegalocornea?

I-Megalocornea ibangelwa ukuguquka kwezakhi zofuzo ku-CHRDL1 gene, okusiza ukulawula ukukhula kwamehlo. Abacwaningi bakholelwa ukuthi lokhu kuguquka kubangela ukuthi indebe ye-optic , eyingxenye yeso, ikhule ibe nkulu kunokujwayelekile. Lena yimbangela eyinhloko yokuthi i-cornea ibe nkulu.

Ziyini izimpawu zesimo `(Megalocornea)`?

Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi abantu abaningi abazalwa neMegalocornea abanazo izimpawu . Bangaphila impilo evamile.

Kodwa ezinye izingane zingase zibe nezimpawu ezifana nalezi:

• Ukushintsha kancane kancane kombono noma ukubona okufiphele ngenxa ye-astigmatism. (I-Astigmatism yisimo lapho i-cornea ingeyona imbulunga ngokuphelele, okwenza ukukhanya kungagxili endaweni eyodwa ngaphakathi kweso.)
• Ukuzwela ukukhanya okukhanyayo (i-photophobia) - Lokhu kusho ukuthi amehlo aba luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka uma evezwa ukukhanya kwelanga noma ukukhanya okukhanyayo.
• Ukubona okufushane (i-myopia).

Kodwa-ke, uma isimo esithi "Megalocornea" sihlotshaniswa nezinye izifo, ingane ingase ibe nezimpawu ezingathi sína ezifana nalezi:

• Ama-cataract.
• I-Coloboma (ingxenye yeso engakhuli kahle).
• I-lens ehlukanisiwe (i-ectopia lentis) noma i-phacondonesis.
• I-Glaucoma (ukulimala kokubona okubangelwa ukwanda komfutho wamehlo).
• Indandatho ezungeze ilensi yeso (ibhande lomzimba we-ciliary) inkulu kunejwayelekile.
• Ukubona okuphansi.
• Ukuhlukaniswa kwe-retinal.

Okubalulekile: Uma ingane yakho inanoma yiziphi zalezi zimpawu, bona udokotela wamehlo ngokushesha. Ukutholwa kusenesikhathi kulula ukukwelapha.

Ungayibona kanjani i-`(Megalocornea)`?

Odokotela bavame ukuxilonga i-megalocornea ebuntwaneni . Odokotela bamehlo bayakuqinisekisa lokhu ngokuhlolwa kwamehlo, futhi uma kudingeka, ukuhlolwa kofuzo.

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuxilonga lokhu ngokunembile, njengoba kungahlukaniswa kwezinye izimo ezibucayi, njenge-glaucoma, futhi kubalulekile ekuqondisweni okufanele kokwelashwa.

Udokotela wakho angase enze nezinye izivivinyo, ezifana nalezi:

• Ukuhlolwa kwe-Glaucoma.
• I-Gonioscopy (ukuhlolwa kwe-engeli yegumbi elingaphambili leso).
• I-Optical coherence tomography (OCT) (ukuthatha izithombe zezingqimba zeso).
• I-Tonometry (ukulinganisa umfutho wamehlo).
• Ukuhlolwa kwe-Ultrasound.
• Ukubala inkomba ye-vitreous ukuze kulinganiswe uketshezi olumanzi olusesweni.

Ingabe ikhona ikhambi le-`(Megalocornea)`?

Ngeshwa, ayikho ikhambi leMegalocornea. Kodwa ungakhathazeki! Ukwelashwa kungasiza ekuvikeleni umbono wengane yakho, ukuphatha ezinye izimo eziyisisekelo, nokuvimbela izinkinga. Ukuxilongwa kusenesikhathi kuyindlela engcono kakhulu yokuthola ingane yakho ukwelashwa okufanele ekudingayo.

Udokotela wakho angakudlulisela kudokotela wamehlo wezingane. Uma ingane yakho inezinye izimo eziyisisekelo, kungadingeka ukuthi ubonane nabanye ochwepheshe.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha `(Megalocornea)`?

Ezimweni eziningi, i-megalocornea ayidingi ukwelashwa okukhethekile , ikakhulukazi uma umbono wengane yakho ujwayelekile futhi ingcindezi yangaphakathi kwamehlo ijwayelekile. Udokotela wengane yakho angase ancome indlela "yokulinda ngokuqapha". Lokhu kusho ukuhlola njalo impilo yamehlo yengane yakho nokubheka noma yiziphi izinguquko.

Kodwa-ke, uma ingane yakho inezimpawu noma ezinye izimo eziyisisekelo, ingadinga ukwelashwa ukuze izilawule. Ukwelashwa okungadingi ukuhlinzwa kuhlanganisa:

• Imithi, isibonelo amaconsi amehlo.
• Izinsiza ezibonakalayo (izibuko zamehlo noma amalensi okuxhumana aklanywe ngokukhethekile).

Kwezinye izimo, ukuhlinzwa kungadingeka:

• Ukuhlinzwa kwe-cataract noma ukuhlinzwa kokwelapha i-glaucoma.
• Ukuhlinzwa kwe-Photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) kuyindlela yokwelapha ukubona eduze noma i-astigmatism.

Yini okufanele ngiyilindele uma ingane yami ine-`(Megalocornea)`?

Iningi lezingane ezine-megalocornea zikhula zinemibono emihle futhi zigcina umbono omuhle . Ezinye zingalawula izimpawu zazo ngezinsiza zokubona noma amalensi okulungisa.

Kodwa-ke, ikusasa lezingane ezinalesi simo lincike ohlotsheni kanye nobunzima besimo. Uma unomuzwa wokuthi izimpawu zakho ziya ziba zimbi kakhulu , khuluma nodokotela wakho ngezinketho ezingcono kakhulu zokuvikela amehlo nempilo yengane yakho.

Ngingayinciphisa yini ingozi yokuba ingane yami ithole iMegalocornea?

Ngempela, akukho ongakwenza ukuvimbela iMegalocornea. Lesi yisimo sofuzo. Kodwa-ke, ungathatha izinyathelo zokuvikela amehlo engane yakho.

Ungavimbela ukulimala kwe-cornea ngokugqoka izibuko zamehlo ezivikelayo uma wena noma ingane yakho nenza okulandelayo:

• Uma uhlanza nge-bleach noma amanye amakhemikhali.
• Ngesikhathi somsebenzi wangaphandle njengokugunda utshani.
• Ngesikhathi somsebenzi wokulungisa ohilela ukusebenzisa imishini kagesi, isando, noma ukufaka upende.
• Kwezemidlalo ezifana ne-baseball noma i-hockey.

Uma ingane yakho igqoka ama-contact lens, landela imiyalelo yokuwahlanza nokuwabulala amagciwane ngokucophelela ukuze uvimbele ukutheleleka kwamehlo noma kwe-cornea. Ungaphuthelwa ukuya kudokotela wakho wamehlo , futhi ulandele imihlahlandlela yokwelashwa ukuze uvimbele izinkinga futhi ulondoloze umbono wengane yakho.

Kufanele ufune nini iseluleko sezokwelapha ngesimo `(Megalocornea)`?

Ukutholwa kusenesikhathi kwe-megalocornea kubalulekile ukuze kutholakale ukwelashwa okuphumelelayo. Uma ingane yakho izwa ukungakhululeki kwamehlo, ubuhlungu, noma izinguquko embonweni, xhumana nodokotela wakho ngokushesha.

Udokotela wakho angakunikeza izindlela zokwelapha ezifanele ukuze anikeze ingane yakho impumuzo futhi alondoloze umbono.

Ukunakekelwa njalo kokulandelela kubalulekile ekwelapheni izimo ezingaphansi futhi kuvimbele izinkinga ezifana ne-cataracts noma i-glaucoma.

I-Megalocornea yisimo esingavamile esibangela ukuba i-cornea yeso ikhule. Kodwa izindaba ezinhle ukuthi abantu abaningi ababi nazo izimpawu. Abanye bangavikela umbono wabo ngamalensi okulungisa futhi bavimbele izinkinga. Ngokuhlolwa kwamehlo njalo, ingane yakho ingabona umhlaba ngokucacile futhi ijabulele impilo ngokugcwele!

Izinto okudingeka uzazi (Umyalezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya)

Kulungile, manje usuqonda kahle lokho ebesikhuluma ngakho (i-Megalocornea). Nazi ezinye izinto ezibalulekile okufanele uzikhumbule:

• I-Megalocornea yisimo esingavamile sokuzalwa lapho i-cornea yeso inkulu kunejwayelekile.
• Lokhu kuvame ukuthinta abafana kakhulu.
• Iningi lezingane alinazo izinkinga ezinkulu zokubona ngenxa yalokhu, futhi azibi zimbi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
• Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi kungahlotshaniswa nezinye izimo zezokwelapha. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuxilonga lesi sifo kusenesikhathi futhi uhlolwe amehlo njalo ngokweseluleko sikadokotela.
• Ukwelashwa kuyadingeka kuphela uma kunezimpawu noma ezinye izinkinga.
• Ungakhathazeki, ngaphansi kokuqondisa okufanele kwezokwelapha, ingane ingaphila impilo evamile inombono omuhle.

Uma usenemibuzo ngalokhu, ungangabazi ukubuza udokotela womndeni wakho noma udokotela wamehlo.

I- Megalocornea, Ukukhula kwe-Corneal, Izifo zamehlo zezingane, Izifo zamehlo ezizalwa nazo, Ulwelwesi lwangaphambili lweso, Ukuhlolwa kwamehlo, i-CHRDL1 gene