Cabanga ukuthi kukhona umuntu olawula umzimba wakho wonke, osebenza njenge-CEO yenkampani enkulu, kodwa omncane njenge-pea. Lowo muntu yi- Pituitary Gland . Kungenzeka ukuthi awukaze uzwe ngaleli gama. Kodwa umsebenzi eliwenzayo uyamangalisa. Lihilelekile ezintweni eziningi ezibalulekile, kusukela ekukhuleni kuya ekuzalweni komntwana. Ngakho-ke namuhla, ake sixoxe ngalo mphathi omncane.
Iyini i-Pituitary Gland?
Kalula nje, i-pituitary gland iyi-gland encane, engange-pea etholakala phansi kobuchopho bakho, ngemuva nje kwebhuloho lekhala lakho, ngaphansi kwe-hypothalamus. I-gland iyisitho esenza izinto ezifana nama-hormone . I-pituitary gland iyingxenye yesistimu yethu ye-endocrine.
Umsebenzi wayo oyinhloko ukukhiqiza ama-hormone amaningana abalulekile emzimbeni nokutshela ezinye izindlala ukuthi, "Kulungile, manje ukhipha ama-hormone akho." Yingakho siyibiza ngokuthi "i-Master Gland."
Ama-hormone afana nezithunywa ezigijima emizimbeni yethu. Ahamba egazini futhi athwale imiyalezo esithweni ngasinye, esikhumbeni, nasemisipheni. La ma-hormone yiwo asitshela ukuthi senze lokhu, sikwenze ngalesi sikhathi.
Indlala ye-pituitary ihlukaniswe izingxenye ezimbili eziyinhloko.
1. I-Anterior Pituitary: Lena yingxenye enkulu kunazo zonke.
2. I-Posterior Pituitary: Ingxenye encane ngemuva.
Le ndlala ixhunywe kwi-hypothalamus yobuchopho ngengxenye encane efana nesiqu. Yilapho indlala ithola khona izimpawu ezivela ebuchosheni.
Yimaphi ama-hormone abaluleke kakhulu akhiqizwa yi-pituitary gland?
Lokhu kungase kuzwakale kungokwesayensi kancane, kodwa masikwenze kube lula. Ngoba la ma-hormone athinta kakhulu izimpilo zethu. Ngizokubeka lokhu etafuleni elihle ukuze ukuqonde kalula.
| Igama le-hormone | Ingxenye ekhishwe | Yini into eyinhloko oyenzayo? |
|---|---|---|
| I-hormone ye-Adrenocorticotropic (ACTH) | Ingxenye engaphambili | Uma sizizwa sicindezelekile, kusisiza ukuthi sibhekane nakho. Kuvuselela izindlala ze-adrenal, ezitholakala phezu kwezinso, ukuze zikhiqize i-cortisol, "i-hormone yokucindezeleka." |
| I-hormone evuselela i-follicle (i-FSH) | Ingxenye engaphambili | Kuyasiza ekukhiqizweni kwesidoda kwabesilisa . Kuvuselela ama-ovari kwabesifazane ukuthi akhiqize i-hormone i-estrogen futhi kusize ekuvuthweni kwamaqanda. |
| I-hormone Yokukhula (GH) | Ingxenye engaphambili | Kubalulekile ekukhuleni ngokomzimba kwezingane , okuhlanganisa nokuphakama. Kusiza ukugcina imisipha namathambo ephilile kubantu abadala futhi kulawula ukusabalala kwamafutha. |
| I-hormone ye-luteinizing (LH) | Ingxenye engaphambili | Kusiza abesifazane ukuthi bakhiphe amaqanda. Kusiza amadoda ukuthi akhiqize i-testosterone emasendeni abo . |
| I-Prolactin | Ingxenye engaphambili | Lena yi-hormone eyinhloko esiza omama ukukhiqiza ubisi ngemva kokubeletha. Ingathinta nokuzala kubantu abadala. |
| I-hormone evuselela i-thyroid (TSH) | Ingxenye engaphambili | Kubonisa indlala yegilo entanyeni ukuthi "iqale ukusebenza." Amahomoni egilo alawula izinto ezifana nokugaya kwethu ukudla kanye namazinga amandla. |
| I-hormone yokulwa nokukhipha isisu (i-ADH) | Ingxenye yangemuva | Ilawula ibhalansi yamanzi kanye ne-sodium (usawoti) emzimbeni. Uma lokhu kwehla, kuzokwenzeka ukuchama njalo. |
| I-Oxytocin | Ingxenye yangemuva | Kusiza isibeletho ukuthi sifinyele ukuze sibelethe umntwana . Kuphinde kusize ukugeleza kobisi ngesikhathi sokuncelisa futhi kusiza ekwakheni ubuhlobo phakathi kukamama nomntwana. |
Ingabe umuntu angaphila ngaphandle kwe-pituitary gland?
Yebo, kungenzeka. Kodwa kukhona isimo. Umuntu ongenalo i-pituitary gland kuzodingeka athathe ama-hormone abalulekile akhiqizwa yileyo gland njengomuthi impilo yakhe yonke. Ngaphandle kwala ma-hormone, izinqubo eziningi ezibalulekile emzimbeni wethu bezingeke zenzeke. Ngakho-ke, uma zingalashwa, ukulahlekelwa yiwo wonke ama-hormone e-pituitary kungaba yingozi empilweni.
Ngakho-ke, yimiphi imisebenzi eyinhloko ye-pituitary gland?
Ake siqonde lokhu ngesibonelo esilula kakhulu. Cabanga nge-thermostat eku-AC yakho ekhaya. Ihlala iqapha izinga lokushisa ekamelweni bese ivula/ivala i-AC uma kudingeka igcinwe ezingeni elikhululekile, akunjalo?
I-pituitary gland ifana ne-thermostat yomzimba wethu. Ihlala iqapha ukusebenza komzimba, ithumela izithunywa ezibizwa ngama-hormone ezithweni nasezindlala ezahlukahlukene, izitshela ukuthi, "Kulungile, yenzani lokhu manje," "Khulisa izinga lalokhu kancane," "Yekani lokhu manje."
Imisebenzi eyinhloko ngamafuphi:
- Ukulawula ukukhula komzimba .
- Ukuguqulwa kwe-Metabolism - Lena yindlela esiguqula ngayo ukudla esikudlayo kube amandla.
- Ukuzala , okungukuthi, ikhono lokuzala abantwana.
- Ukusabela ekucindezelekeni noma engozini.
- Ukukhiqizwa kobisi lwebele.
- Ukulawula amazinga amanzi nosawoti emzimbeni.
- Ukusiza ngenqubo yokuzalwa.
Yiziphi izifo ezingahlotshaniswa ne-pituitary gland?
Uma ukusebenza kwale ndlala encane kuphazamiseka, kungavela izinkinga ezahlukahlukene. Lezi zingahlukaniswa kakhulu zibe izinhlobo ezine.
1. Ama-Adenoma e-Pituitary
Lezi yizimila ezingezona umdlavuza (ezingenobungozi) ezakha indlala ye-pituitary. Zibalelwa cishe ku-10%-15% wezimila ezingaphakathi kwekhanda. Lezi zimila zivame ukukhula zibe zinkulu kakhulu.
- Uma isimila sikhula: Singacindezela imizwa esizungezile, ikakhulukazi leyo ehilelekile ekuboneni. Lokhu kungabangela ikhanda nezinkinga zokubona (ikakhulukazi ukulahlekelwa umbono ongaphandle).
- Izimila ezikhiqiza ama-hormone: Ezinye izimila zikhiqiza ama-hormone ngendlela engavamile. Isibonelo, isimila esikhiqiza i-prolactin hormone eningi kakhulu (i-Prolactinoma) singabangela abesifazane abangancelisi ukuba bakhiphe ubisi emabeleni abo kanye nemijikelezo yokuya esikhathini engajwayelekile.
- Izimila ezingezona eze-hormone: Ezinye izimila azikhiqizi ama-hormone. Ziba yinkinga kuphela uma isimila sikhula sibe sikhulu futhi sicindezela imizwa eseduze.
2. Ukungabi nangqondo
Lokhu kwenzeka lapho i-pituitary gland ikhiqiza inani elingaphansi kwenani elidingekayo le-hormone eyodwa noma ngaphezulu. Lokhu kungabangelwa ukulimala kwe-gland, ukuhlinzwa, noma ukwelashwa ngemisebe ebuchosheni.
3. I-Hyperpituitarism
Lokhu kwenzeka lapho i-pituitary gland ikhiqiza ama-hormone amaningi kunalawo adingekayo. Lokhu kuvame ukubangelwa yi-pituitary adenoma (isimila) ekhiqiza ama-hormone.
Ake sibheke izimo eziyinhloko ezibangelwa ukungalingani kwama-hormone.
| Isimo | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| I-Acromegaly | Ukukhiqizwa ngokweqile kwe-hormone yokukhula (GH) ngesikhathi sobudala. Kubonakaliswa ukwanda okungavamile kwezingxenye zomzimba njengezandla, izinyawo, namathambo obuso. |
| UbuGigantism | Ukukhiqizwa ngokweqile kwe-hormone yokukhula (GH) ngesikhathi sobuntwana kubangela ukuthi ingane ikhule ibe yinde ngendlela engavamile. |
| Isifo sikaCushing | Amazinga e-cortisol akhuphukile ngenxa yokukhiqizwa ngokweqile kwe-hormone ye-ACTH . Lokhu kubonakala ngokuqongelela kwamafutha ezindaweni ezithile zomzimba (ubuso, isisu, ngemuva kwentamo), umfutho wegazi ophakeme, kanye namazinga aphezulu kashukela. |
| Ukuntuleka kwe-hormone yokukhula | Ukukhula okubambekayo nokungabambeki ezinganeni. Izinkinga ze-metabolic kubantu abadala. |
| I-Central Diabetes Insipidus | Ukuntuleka kwe-hormone ye-ADH . Lokhu kubangela ukuthi umzimba ungagcini amanzi futhi ukhiphe umchamo omningi kakhulu. (Lokhu akusikho isifo sikashukela, okungukuthi, isifo sikashukela). |
| I-Hypogonadism (i-Central Hypogonadism) | Ukuntuleka kwama-hormone e -LH kanye ne-FSH . Lokhu kubangela izinkinga zokusebenza kocansi kanye nokuzala kokubili kwabesilisa nabesifazane. |
4. I-Empty Sella Syndrome
Lesi yisimo esingavamile. Sibangelwa inkinga nge-bony sac (sella turcica) lapho kutholakala khona i-pituitary gland, okubangela ukuthi i-gland ibe buthaka noma inciphe. Lokhu kuvame ukutholakala ngengozi ku-scan. Uma amazinga ama-hormone ejwayelekile, lokhu akubangeli izinkinga.
Wazi kanjani ukuthi kunenkinga ngendlala ye-pituitary? Ziyini izimpawu?
Izimpawu zenkinga yendlala ye-pituitary ziyahlukahluka kakhulu, kuye ngokuthi iyiphi i-hormone ethintekile nokuthi, uma kukhona isimila, sikhulu kangakanani.
Izimpawu ezivamile (ezibangelwa izimila ezinkulu):
- Ubuhlungu bekhanda obuhlala bukhona.
- Izinguquko embonweni, ikakhulukazi ukulahlekelwa umbono ongaphandle.
Izimpawu ezingase zibangelwe ukungalingani kwama-hormone:
- Ukukhula kwezingane kuyaphazamiseka noma kushesha ngendlela engavamile.
- Ukungazali kwabesilisa nabesifazane.
- Imijikelezo yokuya esikhathini kwabesifazane iba engajwayelekile noma ime ngokuphelele.
- Ukwanda noma ukwehla kwesisindo ngaphandle kwesizathu.
- Ukucindezeleka noma ukukhathazeka.
- Ukuzizwa ukhathele kakhulu emzimbeni.
Uma unezimpawu ezintsha neziqhubekayo ezifana nalezi, ungazinaki. Kungenzeka ukuthi zihlobene noma azihlobene nendlala ye-pituitary. Ngakho-ke into engcono kakhulu ongayenza ukubona udokotela wakho bese uthola iseluleko.
Ubani owelapha lezi zinhlobo zezinkinga? Kwenziwa kanjani ukuxilongwa?
Izinkinga ze-pituitary gland kanye nama-hormone ziphathwa udokotela we-endocrinologist. Angenza izivivinyo ezidingekayo ngokusekelwe ezimpawu zakho, ahlole isimo, futhi ahlele ukwelashwa. Uma udinga ukususa into efana nesimila ngokuhlinzwa, kungadingeka futhi ufune usizo lodokotela ohlinza izinzwa .
Ukuhlolwa okulandelayo kusetshenziselwa kakhulu ukuxilongwa:
- Ukuhlolwa kwegazi: Ulwazi oluningi lungatholakala ngokulinganisa amazinga ama-hormone ahlukahlukene egazini.
- I-MRI scan: Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthola isithombe esicacile sobuchopho kanye ne-pituitary gland nokubona ukuthi kukhona yini isimila noma okunye ukukhubazeka.
Siyigcina kanjani indlala yethu ye-pituitary iphilile?
Into engcono kakhulu esingayenza ukuvikela amakhanda ethu. Ukulimala Kobuchopho Obubuhlungu (i-TBI) kungalimaza le ndlala ebucayi. Ngakho-ke,
- Gqoka ibhande lesihlalo noma nini lapho usemotweni.
- Qiniseka ukuthi ugqoka isigqoko sokuzivikela uma ugibela amabhayisikili, izithuthuthu, noma udlala imidlalo.
- Zivikele ekuweni. Qaphela izindawo ezishelelayo neziyingozi ekhaya lakho, ikakhulukazi uma unabantu asebekhulile.
- Uma unezingane ezincane, qiniseka ukuthi indawo lapho zidlala khona futhi zichitha khona isikhathi iphephile.
Le mikhuba emincane ingasiza kakhulu ekuvimbeleni ukulimala kobuchopho bethu kanye nale ndlala eyigugu.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-pituitary gland iyisitho esingangophizi esitholakala ngaphansi kobuchopho bakho, kodwa iyisitho esinamandla kakhulu esisebenza njenge-"Master Gland" yomzimba.
- Izinto eziningi, njengokukhula komzimba wakho, i-metabolism, ukuzala, kanye nokusabela ekucindezelekeni, zilawulwa ama-hormone akhishwa lapha.
- Izinkinga ngale ndlala zingabangela ukukhiqizwa kwama-hormone amaningi kakhulu noma amancane kakhulu, okungabangela izimpawu ezahlukahlukene.
- Uma uphethwe yikhanda elingapheli, ukushintsha kombono, kanye nezinye izinguquko ezingavamile emzimbeni wakho (ukushintsha kwesisindo, izinkinga zomjikelezo wokuya esikhathini), kungaba yinkinga ngendlala ye-pituitary.
- Ungalokothi uzishaye indiva lezi zimpawu. Bona udokotela wakho ngokushesha ukuze uthole iseluleko.
I-Pituitary Gland, i-Pituitary Gland, ama-hormone, izinkinga zama-hormone, izimila zobuchopho, ama-hormone e-pituitary, i-endocrinologist
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