Ingabe igazi livuza emuva ngevalvu yenhliziyo yakho? (Ukuvuselelwa kwevalvu ye-Pulmonic) Ake sixoxe ngakho!

Inhliziyo yethu iyisitho esimangalisayo, akunjalo? Inezingxenye ezincane ezifana nomnyango ngaphakathi, esizibiza ngokuthi ama-valve . Lawa ma-valve abaluleke kakhulu ekusebenzeni kahle kokuthumela igazi emzimbeni wethu. Ngezinye izikhathi, uma elinye lala ma-valve lingavali kahle, elinye igazi lingavuza emuva. Yileso simo esizokhuluma ngaso namuhla, ukubuyiselwa kwama-valve okuphefumula . Ungakhathazeki, ake sichaze lokhu kalula.

Kuyini Ukuvuselelwa Kwe-Pulmonic Valve?

Kalula nje, leli yigama elinikezwe isimo lapho ivalvu yamaphaphu enhliziyweni yakho ingavali kahle, okubangela ukuba igazi elincane livuze ngendlela engafanele, okungukuthi, emuva, phakathi kokushaya kwenhliziyo.

Cabanga nje, inhliziyo yethu inamakamelo amane, futhi ukugeleza kwegazi phakathi kwala makamelo kulawulwa ama-valve amane. I-valve yamaphaphu iyi-valve yesibili enhliziyweni yakho elawula ukugeleza kwegazi. Yilapho igazi liphuma khona e-ventricle yesokudla . Leli gazi bese lihamba ngemithambo yamaphaphu liye emaphashini akho, lapho lithatha khona umoya-mpilo bese likhipha i-carbon dioxide.

Manje, uma unalesi simo (i-Pulmonic Regurgitation), akulona lonke igazi elikhishwa lisuka ku-ventricle yangakwesokudla eliya emaphashini. Elinye lalo libuyela ku-ventricle yangakwesokudla. Kwenzekani-ke? I-ventricle yangakwesokudla kufanele isebenze kanzima , ukuze ikhiphe lelo gazi elengeziwe. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lo msebenzi owengeziwe ungabangela ukuthi i-ventricle yangakwesokudla ikhule, ibe buthaka, futhi ekugcineni iholele esimweni esibizwa ngokuthi i-Right-sided Heart Failure .

Amanye amagama alokhu yi-Pulmonic Regurgitation, i-Pulmonary Valve Regurgitation, noma i-Pulmonary Regurgitation.

Sivame kangakanani lesi simo? Ubani onamathuba amaningi okuba naso?

Eqinisweni, lesi simo (i-Pulmonic Regurgitation) sivame kakhulu kunalokho ongakucabanga. Kuthiwa phakathi kuka-30% no-75% wabantu bangase babe naso. Eminye imibiko ithi inani liphakeme nakakhulu. Kodwa-ke, isikhathi esiningi, lokhu kuvuza kwegazi kuncane kakhulu kangangokuthi akubonisi zimpawu . Abantu abaningi abazi nokuthi banale nto, kuze kube yilapho itholakala ngengozi ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa okuthile.

Kodwa-ke, ukuvuvukala kwamaphaphu okuphakathi kuya kokubi kakhulu nakho kungenzeka ngezizathu ezahlukahlukene. Ngenxa yokuthi kunezimbangela eziningi kangaka, kunzima ukusho ukuthi lezi zimo ezinzima zivame kangakanani.

Ubani othinteka kakhulu yilokhu?

• Kwabancane: Uma lesi simo senzeka kubantu abasha, ngokuvamile sibangelwa ukuhlinzwa ukuze kulungiswe isimo senhliziyo abazalwa naso besebancane.
• Kwabadala: Abantu abadala abaneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-75 banamathuba amaningi okuthola umfutho wegazi ophezulu emaphashini (umfutho wegazi ophezulu wamaphaphu) . Lesi simo singabangela noma sibhebhethekise ukubuya kwamaphaphu.

Ziyini izimpawu zalokhu?

Abantu abaningi abane-pulmonary regurgitation ababi nazo izimpawu ngoba ukuvuza kwegazi kuncane kakhulu. Izimpawu zivame ukwenzeka uma ukuvuza kuphakathi noma kukhulu. Lezi zivame ukufana nezimpawu ezibonakala ekuhlulekeni kwenhliziyo. Zihlanganisa:

• Ubunzima bokuphefumula (i-Dyspnea)
• Ukukhathala, ukukhathala
• Ukuzizwa udidekile, unekhanda elibuhlungu
• Ukulahlekelwa ingqondo
• Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile noma okusheshayo (Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo)
• Ukuvuvukala kwesisu, imilenze, noma amaqakala

Uma une-Pulmonic Regurgitation (PR) noma esinye isimo, ungase ube nezinye izimpawu. Lezi zimpawu zizohluka kuye ngesinye isimo.

Yini ebangela lesi simo?

Kunezimbangela eziningi ezingaba khona ze-Pulmonic Regurgitation. Nazi ezinye zazo:

• Isifo Senhliziyo Esihambisana Nesifo Sokuqaqamba Kwamalunga: Isifo Sokuqaqamba Kwamalunga yisimo esibangelwa ukutheleleka ngamagciwane okungalashwa okungalimaza ama-valve enhliziyo yakho. Sivame kakhulu emazweni asathuthuka.
• Umfutho Wegazi Ophakeme Wephaphu: Yilapho ingcindezi emithanjeni yegazi emaphashini akho ikhuphuka khona. Lokhu kucindezela okuphezulu kungathinta umthambo wephaphu, okuyilapho uphuma khona enhliziyweni. Lokhu kucindezela okuphezulu kungabangela kokubili umthambo kanye nevalvu ukuthi kweluleke, okubangela igazi ukuthi livuze ngevalvu.
• Izinkinga Zofuzo: Ukubuyela kwesisu kwe-pulmonic kuvame kakhulu kubantu abanezinkinga ezithile zofuzo, njenge -Marfan Syndrome .
• Ama-Carcinoid Tumors: Lolu uhlobo lomdlavuza olukhula kancane futhi olungavamile. Ngokuvamile luqala ohlelweni lokugaya ukudla. Lolu hlobo lomdlavuza lungabangela ukuthi izicubu ze-carcinoid zihlale enhliziyweni, zivimbele ukugeleza kwegazi.
• I-Endocarditis: Lokhu ukuvuvukala kolwelwesi lwangaphakathi lwenhliziyo. Kubangelwa ukutheleleka. Abantu abasebenzisa i-dialysis , labo abanezimbobo ezihlala njalo ze-intravenous (IV), kanye nalabo abafaka izidakamizwa ezingekho emthethweni basengozini enkulu.
• Ukulimala: Akuvamile kakhulu, ukulimala esifubeni sakho kungalimaza ivalvu yamaphaphu.
• Izinkinga zokuzalwa: Isimo sokuzalwa siyinkinga ozalwa nayo. Isibonelo, ukuzalwa unesifo esibizwa ngokuthi i-Tetralogy of Fallot , ukuzalwa ungenayo i-valve yamaphaphu, noma ukuba nokuncipha kwe-valve yamaphaphu ozalwa nayo (i-Congenital Pulmonic Stenosis) .
• Ukwelashwa kwezokwelapha:Ukubuyela kwesisu emaphashini kungenzeka eminyakeni eminingi ngemva kokuhlinzwa noma ezinye izindlela zokwelapha izifo zenhliziyo ezizalwa nazo, njenge-Tetralogy of Fallot noma i-Pulmonic Stenosis.
• Idiopathic: Ngezinye izikhathi asikho isizathu esingatholakala.

Ingabe lokhu kuyathelelana?

Cha, i-Pulmonic Regurgitation ayithelelani . Kodwa-ke, ingabangelwa ukutheleleka okusakazekela enhliziyweni noma ukutheleleka okubangela isifo senhliziyo esibangelwa amalunga.

Ukubona kanjani lokhu?

Ukuvuselelwa Kwezinhlungu Ze ...

Ukuhlolwa komzimba

Udokotela uvame ukwenza lezi zinto:

• Ukubukeka: Ezinye izimpawu ziyabonakala, njengokuvuvukala esiswini noma emilenzeni.
• Ukuhlikihla: Udokotela angase azwe ukuvuvukala emilenzeni noma esiswini sakho. Bangase bakutshekise nge-engela, bacindezele isisu sakho, futhi bahlole ukuthi imithambo ye-jugular ivuvukele yini entanyeni yakho. Lokhu kungenzeka uma kunenkinga efana nomfutho wegazi ophezulu emaphashini, okungabangela ukuthi imithambo ye-jugular ivuvukele.
• Ukulalela: Ungalalela inhliziyo yakho nge-stethoscope . Uma une-pulmonary regurgitation ephakathi kuya kwenzima, ungase uzwe inhliziyo ikhala . Lena imisindo engavamile eyenzeka ngokushaya kwenhliziyo yakho ngenxa yokugeleza kwegazi ngendlela engafanele. Lena yindlela enhle yokubamba lesi simo ngaphambi kokuba kuvele izimpawu ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwezokwelapha kwaminyaka yonke.

Hlobo luni lokuhlolwa okwenziwayo?

Izivivinyo okungenzeka ukuthi kuzodingeka uzenze ukuze uxilonge lesi simo yilezi:

• I-Electrocardiogram (ECG noma EKG)
• I-X-ray yesifuba
• I-Echocardiogram - Lolu vivinyo olubaluleke kakhulu. Lufana nokuskena kwenhliziyo nge-ultrasound.

Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, udokotela wakho angase futhi acele lezi zivivinyo:

• Ukufakwa kwe-Catheterization Yenhliziyo Efanele
• Isithombe Sokuqabulana Kwenhliziyo Esisebenzisa Ukukhanya Kwe-Magnetic (i-Heart MRI)

Ilashwa kanjani? Ingabe ingelapheka?

Ukubuyela kwesisu emaphashini kuvame ukwelapheka . Kuye ngembangela, ngezinye izikhathi kungalapheka ngokuphelele . Kodwa-ke, uma kungekubi kakhulu, kungenazimpawu, noma kokubili, ukwelashwa ngokuvamile akudingeki. Ngisho noma kubi kakhulu kodwa kungenazimpawu, umgomo wokwelashwa ukuvimba lesi simo ukuba singabi sibi kakhulu nokuvimbela ukulimala okungapheli ohlangothini lwesokudla lwenhliziyo.

Yimiphi imithi kanye nokwelashwa okusetshenziswayo?

Uma lesi simo (i-Pulmonary Regurgitation) sibangelwa esinye isifo,Isinyathelo sokuqala ukwelapha noma ukwelapha esinye isimo. Lokhu kuvame ukuvimba igazi ukuthi ligeleze emuva, noma okungenani kunciphise ukuvuza, kuncishiswe izinkinga nezimpawu.

Uma lokho kungavimbeli ukuphuma kwegazi, isinyathelo esilandelayo ukukwelapha ngqo. Kokubili ukwelashwa kanye nokwelashwa kokubuyiselwa kwamaphaphu kuhilela ukufaka ivalvu ngokwayo esikhundleni sayo. Lokhu kungenziwa ngezindlela ezimbili:

• Ukuhlinzwa: Ngale ndlela, udokotela ohlinzayo angafinyelela inhliziyo yakho ngqo futhi athathe indawo ye-valve. I-valve entsha ingathathwa kumnikeli womuntu, noma ingaba yi-biosynthetic (eyenziwe ngenhlanganisela yezinto zokwenziwa kanye nezicubu eziphilayo - ngokuvamile ezivela ezingulubeni noma ezinkomeni).
• Ukufakwa Kwevalvu Yezimpumputhe Ye-Transcatheter (TPVR): Kule nqubo, kusetshenziswa idivayisi ebizwa ngokuthi i-catheter ukufaka esikhundleni sevalvu engaphakathi kwenhliziyo. Ukuze enze lokhu, udokotela wenza ukusika okuncane emthanjeni omkhulu wegazi entanyeni noma ethangeni eliphezulu bese efaka i-catheter. Idivayisi ende, efana nethubhu, bese iqondiswa enhliziyweni, incam ibekwe phezu kwevalvu ekhona. Ivalvu entsha iyavulwa, bese ivalvu endala, eyonakele ichotshozwa ngaphansi kwayo. Amavalvu abekwe ngale ndlela ngokuvamile asebenza njenge-bioprosthetic. Angahlala iminyaka engaba ngu-15.

Uma welapha lesi simo, izimpawu ezikukhathaza kakhulu nazo ziyalashwa. Le mithi ivame ukusebenza ngokususa uketshezi oluningi emzimbeni, iphumuze imithambo yegazi ukuze ithuthukise ukugeleza kwegazi, noma ilawule noma ivimbele ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile (ama-arrhythmia) . Uma ungakwazi ukuhlinzwa ngesizathu esithile, imithi ingasiza ngezimpawu zakho, kodwa imithi yodwa ngeke ilaphe lesi simo.

Okubalulekile: Uma une-valve engeyona eye-prosthetic, kungadingeka ukuthi uthathe imithi yokunciphisa igazi impilo yakho yonke. Le mithi ivimba ukwakheka kwamahlule egazi azungeze i-valve. Lokhu kunciphisa ingozi yezinkinga ezifana nesifo sohlangothi noma i-pulmonary embolism.

Yiziphi izinkinga/imiphumela emibi yokwelashwa?

Izinga lempumelelo ye-TPVR ekwelapheni lesi simo liphezulu kakhulu . Ukuhlinzwa kwe-TPVR kuyaphumelela ezimweni ezingama-94% kuya ku-98%. Izinkinga ze-TPVR nazo azivamile, zenzeka ezimweni ezingama-3% kuya ku-6% (izinkinga ezivame kakhulu yisifo semithambo yenhliziyo noma i-endocarditis ngenxa yokutheleleka).

Eminye imiphumela emibi noma izinkinga ezingaba khona yile:

• Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile (i-Arrhythmias)
• Ukutheleleka endaweni yokuhlinzwa
• Ukopha okuvela ngaphandle kwevalvu
• Kuzodingeka ngishintshe ivalvu eshintshiwe futhi
• Imiphumela emibi noma izinkinga zemithi (lokhu kuqondene ngqo nemithi oyiphuzayo, ngakho udokotela wakho ungumuntu ongcono kakhulu ongakutshela ngalokhu)

Ngingazinakekela kanjani/ngingazilawula kanjani izimpawu?

Lesi simo singafana nezinye izifo eziningi zenhliziyo ezisongela ukuphila, ngakho ungazami ukuzixilonga bese uzelapha wena . Uma usola ukuthi unale nkinga, bona udokotela ngokushesha okukhulu. Anganquma ukuthi unaleso simo futhi asikisele izindlela zokwelapha.

Ngizozizwa ngingcono isikhathi esingakanani ngemva kokwelashwa? Kuzothatha isikhathi esingakanani ukululama?

Isikhathi sokululama salesi simo sincike ekwelashweni. Ukuhlinzwa akuyona indlela yokwelapha evame kakhulu, futhi kuthatha isikhathi eside kakhulu ukululama. Abantu abahlinzwa i-(Pulmonic Regurgitation) bangathatha amasonto noma izinyanga ukululama. Isikhathi sokululama (TPVR) sifushane kakhulu , futhi uzoqala ukuzizwa ungcono ezinsukwini ezimbalwa.

Ngingakuvimbela lokhu? Ngingayinciphisa kanjani ingozi?

Ukuvuselelwa Kwezinso Zegazi (PR) yisimo esingenakuvinjelwa ngoba senzeka ngokungalindelekile. Ikakhulukazi uma sibangelwa yizimo owazalwa nazo. Okuwukuphela kwento ongayenza ukunciphisa ingozi yakho ngokugwema izimo noma izimo ezingayibangela.

Okuwukuphela kwendlela yokunciphisa ingozi ukugwema izifo ezingabangela lokhu . Lokho kusho ukuthi noma yikuphi ukutheleleka, ikakhulukazi umphimbo obuhlungu njenge-strep throat, kufanele kwelashwe ngokushesha okukhulu. Lokhu kungavimbela ukutheleleka ukuthi kungakhuli kube yisifo senhliziyo noma kusakazeke ngqo enhliziyweni bese kuyilimaza.

Iyini ikusasa lalesi simo?

Iningi labantu abanesifo sokuphefumula kwamaphaphu abanalo igazi eliphuma ku-valve eliningi kakhulu. Kubo, isimo sabo singcono , futhi isikhathi sabo sokuphila kufanele sifane nesabantu abangenaso lesi simo.

Ngisho noma kukhona ukuvuza okulinganiselwe, isimo sivame ukuba sihle uma sitholakale futhi selashwa kusenesikhathi , ikakhulukazi uma kukhona imbangela engase yelapheke noma iguqulwe.

Uma uvuza kakhulu, isimo sincike kakhulu ekutheni sisheshe sitholakale futhi selashwe. Ngokuvamile, ukuxilongwa kusenesikhathi kanye nokwelashwa kwandisa amathuba okwelapha lesi simo, noma okungenani ukunciphisa imiphumela yaso . Udokotela wakho angakutshela ukuthi isimo sakho sinjani nokuthi yini ongayenza ukuze usithuthukise.

Lesi simo sizohlala isikhathi esingakanani?

Uma ingelashwa, i-Pulmonary Regurgitation ivame ukuba yisimo sempilo yonke .

Ngingabuyela nini emsebenzini/esikoleni?

Iningi labantu lidinga ukuhlala esibhedlela izinsuku ezine kuya kwezinhlanu kuphela ukuze lithole i-TPVR, futhi abantu abaningi bangabuyela emsebenzini ngokushesha ngemva kwalokho. Uma uhlinzwa esikhundleni se-TPVR, kungathatha amasonto, ngisho nezinyanga, ukululama bese ubuyela emisebenzini yakho evamile. Udokotela wakho uzokwazi ukukutshela ukuthi ungabuyela nini emsebenzini, esikoleni, noma emisebenzini yakho evamile.

Ingabe lesi simo siyabulala?

Ukubuyela emuva kwe-pulmonic akubulali ngokwako . Kunalokho, kungaholela kwezinye izimo ezisongela ukuphila ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Yingakho kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthola ukuthi unalesi sifo futhi welashwe ngokushesha.

Ngizinakekela kanjani?

Udokotela wakho angakutshela ngqo ukuthi yini okudingeka uyenze nokuthi yini ongayenza ukuze uphathe izimpawu zakho futhi uzinakekele. Ngokuvamile, kufanele wenze lezi zinto:

• Phuza imithi yakho ngendlela efanele: Phuza imithi yakho njengoba uyalelwe. Yiphuze nje uma ukhumbula, futhi ungayidluli ngoba nje ilula.
• Bona udokotela wakho: Ngisho noma ungenalo ukwelashwa, udokotela wakho cishe uzohlela ama-aphoyintimenti okulandelela ukuze aqaphe isimo sakho. Ukumbona njengoba kunconyiwe kungasiza ekutholeni izimpawu zokuqala zezinkinga noma izinkinga.
• Ungazikhandleli ngokweqile: Udokotela wakho angakutshela ukuthi unciphise imisebenzi yakho. Lokhu kuzokusiza ukuthi ugweme ukukhathaza inhliziyo yakho kakhulu, okungase kube kubi kakhulu izimpawu noma isimo sakho.
• Naka indlela ozizwa ngayo: Ukunaka umzimba wakho kanye nezimpawu kungakusiza ukuthi uthole izimpawu zokuqala zenkinga futhi ufune ukwelashwa ngaphambi kokuba isimo sibangele izinkinga ezingapheli.

Kufanele ngishayele ucingo noma ngibone udokotela wami nini?

Uma izimpawu zakho zibuya noma zishintsha ngokungalindelekile, kufanele ukhulume nodokotela wakho. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu uma izinguquko zivele ngokuzumayo noma uma izimpawu ziqala ukuphazamisa imisebenzi yakho evamile .

Kufanele ngiye nini eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (i-ETU) ?

Kufanele uye esibhedlela uma unezinye zezimpawu ezilandelayo. Lezi kungaba izimpawu zokwehluleka kwenhliziyo, ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo, noma ezinye izimo zenhliziyo ezimbi:

• Ubunzima bokuphefumula (i-Dyspnea)
• Ukuzungeza njalo noma ukulahlekelwa ingqondo ngokuzumayo
• Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile noma okusheshayo (Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo)
• Ukuvuvukala okusha esiswini noma emilenzeni nasemaqakaleni

Ekugcineni, umyalezo okufanele uwuthathe uye ekhaya:

Ukubuyela kwesisu emaphashini kuyisimo esivamile, futhi kubantu abaningi akuyona imbangela yokukhathazeka. Kodwa-ke, uma kuba kubi kakhulu, kungadala izimpawu eziphazamisa impilo yakho. Uma kungelashwa, kungagcina kuholele ezinkingeni ezinkulu, ngisho nezibulalayo.

Ngenhlanhla, lesi simo singelashwa kaningi - futhi ngezinye izikhathi size silapheke . Futhi, izinga lempumelelo lokwelashwa okuvame kakhulu liphezulu kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, uma unokungabaza ngalokhu, ungalibali ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha.

Ukubuyela kwe - pulmonic valve, isifo se-valve yenhliziyo, ukugeleza kwegazi emuva, i-ventricle yesokudla, ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo, umfutho wegazi ophakeme wamaphaphu, ukuphelelwa umoya