Ingabe ingxenye yensimu yakho yokubona nayo imnyama? Ake sixoxe nge-Quadrantanopia!

Wake wazizwa sengathi ulahlekelwe umbono ngokuzumayo? Noma uzizwa sengathi uhamba futhi ushayisana nento ethile evela kolunye uhlangothi, noma uzizwa sengathi izinto zivele ngokuzumayo phambi kwakho? Noma mhlawumbe ingxenye yombono wakho izwakala imnyama, sengathi imnyama? Uma uke waba nalokhu okuhlangenwe nakho, kubalulekile ukukuhlola. Namuhla sizokhuluma ngesimo esithile esingabangela lokhu, esibizwa ngokuthi i-quadrantanopia . Leli gama lingase lizwakale lingavamile, kodwa masiligcine lilula.

Iyini le 'Quadrantanopia'? Kalula nje...

I-Quadrantanopia yigama lezokwelapha. Lisho nje ukuthi ulahlekelwa umbono engxenyeni eyodwa kwezine yensimu yakho yokubona , lonke ububanzi bombono wakho. Cabanga ngesithombe sonke esiphambi kwakho njengesithombe esisodwa esikhulu. Sihlukanisa lesi sithombe sibe izingxenye ezine ezilinganayo, noma ama-quadrant. Kufana nokusika ikhekhe libe ezine.

Insimu yakho yokubona inengxenye yesokudla nesobunxele phezulu, kanye nengxenye yesokudla nesobunxele phansi. I-'Quadrantanopia' yilapho ulahlekelwa umbono wonke kwenye yalezo zindawo ezine, futhi leyo ndawo ibonakala imnyama ngokuphelele. Kufana nokuthi awukwazi ukuyibuka leyo ngxenye.

Okubalulekile: Uma ungakwazi ukubona ingxenye yensimu yakho yokubona (phezulu, phansi, kwesokudla, noma kwesobunxele), lesi simo sibizwa ngokuthi `iHemianopia`. Lapha, elithi "anopia" lisho ukuntuleka kokubona, ubumpumputhe. elithi "hemi" lisho ingxenye, kanti elithi "quadrant" lisho ingxenye yesine.

Elinye igama elithi 'i-Quadrantanopia' yi-'Quadrantopsia'. Womabili amagama abhekisela esimweni esifanayo.

Ingabe kunezinhlobo ezahlukene ze-'Quadrantanopia'?

Yebo, i-Quadrantanopia ingahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo eziningana kuye ngokuthi iyiphi ingxenye yensimu yokubona ethintekile. Ake sibone ukuthi iyini:

• I-quadrantanopia engaziwa: Lokhu kwenzeka lapho ulahlekelwa ukubona ohlangothini olufanayo, engxenyeni efanayo, yamehlo womabili.
• Lokhu kungaba kuma-quadrant aphezulu - i-quadrant ephezulu kwesobunxele noma i-quadrant ephezulu kwesokudla.
• Noma kungaba kuma-quadrant aphansi - i-quadrant engezansi kwesobunxele noma i-quadrant engezansi kwesokudla.
• Odokotela ngezinye izikhathi babiza ngokuhlekisa lesi simo esithi "Homonymous superior quadrantanopia" ngokuthi "iphayi esibhakabhakeni," ngoba ingxenye engenhla yeso ayibonakali ngokwengxenye.
• Futhi, ukulahlekelwa umbono ezingxenyeni ezingezansi kubizwa ngokuthi "i-pie phansi." Lawa amagama okulula ukuwakhumbula.

• `I-Binasal quadrantanopia`: Lokhu kuthinta ama-quadrant aphezulu noma aphansi aseduze nekhala. Okungukuthi, izingxenye zangaphakathi zamehlo womabili.

• `I-Bitemporal quadrantanopia`: Lokhu kuthinta ama-quadrant aphezulu noma aphansi, aqhelelene nekhala nangemuva kwezindlebe. Okungukuthi, izingxenye zangaphandle zamehlo womabili.

Lesi simo sihlukaniswa ngokwendawo lapho umthelela ukhona.

Ziyini izimpawu zomuntu one-Quadrantanopia?

Uphawu oluyinhloko, njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, ukulahlekelwa umbono engxenyeni yesine yensimu yokubona . Kodwa ungase ungakuqapheli lokhu ngokushesha. Ungase usole lokhu ngenxa yezinye izinto.

• Ungase uzithole umkhuba wokuhlala uphendula ikhanda lakho emuva naphambili ungaqondile. Kuyindlela yobuchopho bakho yokuzama ukugcwalisa izikhala embonweni wakho.
• Ngezinye izikhathi izinto zingabonakala sengathi zivele ngokuzumayo phambi kwakho . Isibonelo, uma uhamba emgwaqweni, ungase uzizwe sengathi imoto noma umuntu ovela kolunye uhlangothi uvele ngokuzumayo phambi kwakho, ngaphandle kokukubona kuze kube umzuzu wokugcina.
• Kungaba yinto efana nokungqubuzana nento ethile njalo, noma ukunyathela into ethile . Cabanga nje, uma uhambahamba endlini, ungqubuzana njalo nomlenze wesihlalo, ekhoneni letafula. Noma unyathela kabi lapho ukhuphuka noma wehla izitebhisi.
• Uma ufunda, ungase uphuthelwe imigqa yezinhlamvu, noma ungase ungaboni ezinye izinhlamvu ohlangothini olulodwa.

Kulapho izinto ezinjengalezi zenzeka khona lapho uqala ukucabanga, "O, kukhona okungahambi kahle ngombono wami, akunjalo?"

Kungani kwenzeka le 'Quadrantanopia'? Ziyini izimbangela?

I-Quadrantanopia yenzeka uma kukhona ukuphazamiseka ezindleleni ezibonakalayo ezithwala ulwazi phakathi kwamehlo akho nobuchopho bakho . Lokho okubonayo ngamehlo akho kuthunyelwa ebuchosheni bakho lapho sikuchaza khona njengesithombe. Lolu lwazi luhamba njengezimpawu zikagesi ngenzwa ekhethekile ebizwa ngokuthi i-optic nerve kanye nezikhungo ezibonakalayo ebuchosheni bakho. Ukulimala kwalezi zindlela kungabangela ukulahlekelwa umbono okuyingxenye.

Kunezizathu eziningana eziyinhloko zalolu hlobo lomonakalo:

• Isifo sohlangothi: Uma umthambo wegazi ohambisa igazi ebuchosheni uvalekile noma uqhuma, okubangela umonakalo emaseli obuchopho, izindlela zokubona nazo zingalimala.
• Izimila: Isimila (esinomdlavuza noma esingenabungozi) kunoma iyiphi ingxenye yobuchopho singathinta umbono uma sicindezela inzwa yokubona.
• Ukulimala kobuchopho okubuhlungu (i-TBI): Lesi simo singabangelwa ukulimala kobuchopho uma uthola ukushaywa okukhulu ekhanda ngenxa yengozi yemoto, ukuwa, noma olunye uhlobo lokulimala.

Ngezinye izikhathi, uma uhlangothi olulodwa lobuchopho bakho lonakele, ungase ulahlekelwe umbono ensimini yokubona ngakolunye uhlangothi. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi 'umonakalo ohlangene'. Isibonelo, uma uhlangothi lwesokudla lobuchopho bakho lonakele, ungase ulahlekelwe umbono engxenyeni yensimu yakho yokubona ohlangothini lwesobunxele.

Wazi kanjani ukuthi une-'Quadrantanopia'?

Uma ubona noma yiziphi izinguquko embonweni wakho, nakanjaniKufanele ubonane nochwepheshe wokunakekelwa kwamehlo. Uzobuza ngezimpawu zakho bese ekwenza ukuhlolwa kwamehlo.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kungenziwa ezinye izivivinyo eziningana ukuze kutholakale ngokunembile lesi simo:

• `Ukuhlolwa kwensimu ebonakalayo`: Lolu vivinyo olubaluleke kakhulu. Lubheka yonke insimu yakho yokubona. Okusho ukuthi, ungabona kude kangakanani phezulu, phansi, kwesobunxele, nakwesokudla ngenkathi uhleli endaweni eyodwa ngaphandle kokunyakaza ikhanda lakho, ukuthi umbono wakho ubucayi kangakanani ezingxenyeni ezahlukene zensimu yakho yokubona, nokuthi ngabe kukhona yini izindawo ezimnyama noma kuphi.
• I-electrophysiology yamehlo: Leli qembu lezivivinyo lilinganisa ukuthi izingxenye ezahlukene zesistimu yakho yokubona (iso, inzwa yokubona, ubuchopho) zisabela kanjani ekukhanyeni. Ukuhlolwa okukodwa okuqondile kubizwa ngokuthi i-Electroretinogram (ERG).

Udokotela angaphetha ngokuthi une-Quadrantanopia, uhlobo luni, nokuthi imbangela ingaba yini.

Iphathwa kanjani i-Quadrantanopia?

Ngezinye izikhathi, i-Quadrantanopia ingaxazululeka yodwa ngaphandle kokwelashwa . Kodwa-ke, lokhu kuvame ukwenzeka zingakapheli izinyanga ezintathu kuya kweziyisithupha. Lokhu kuyahlukahluka kuye ngembangela kanye nobukhulu bomonakalo.

Kodwa-ke, akuwona wonke umuntu olulama ngale ndlela. Uma kungenjalo, kunezindlela zokuphila nalesi simo nokulawula izimpawu.

Udokotela wakho angase asikisele izindlela 'zokuvuselela umbono' . Lezi azibuyiseli umbono olahlekile, kodwa zikusiza ukuthi usebenzise ngokugcwele umbono wakho osele futhi zinciphise ukuphazamiseka kwemisebenzi yakho yansuku zonke okubangelwa indawo emnyama.

Lezi zindlela zingafaka izinto ezifana nalezi:

• Ukujwayela ukujika ikhanda lakho njalo futhi ngokushesha ubheke endaweni emnyama kuzokusiza ukuthi uqonde indawo ongeke uyibone.
• Ukusebenzisa iziqondiso zemigqa noma izimpawu ezikhanyayo ukukusiza ukuthi ubone imigqa ngenkathi ufunda.
• Ukwelashwa okukhethekile okusekelwe kukhompyutha okuvuselela izingxenye zensimu yokubona emnyama.

Konke lokhu kwenzelwa ukukusiza ukuthi uzimele ngangokunokwenzeka futhi.

Ingabe kukhona esingakwenza ukunciphisa ingozi yokuthola i-'Quadrantanopia'?

Njengoba izimbangela eziyinhloko ze-'Quadrantanopia' kuyi-'Stroke' kanye ne-'Traumatic brain injury (TBI)', into engcono kakhulu esingayenza ukuthatha izinyathelo zokunciphisa ingozi yalezi zimo ezimbili. Lokhu kuzonciphisa ingozi yokulahlekelwa ingxenye yesine yensimu yokubona.

Nciphisa ingozi yokushaywa yisifo sohlangothi:

• Yidla ukudla okunempilo: Yidla ukudla okunamafutha agcwele, usawoti, kanye ne-cholesterol ephansi, futhi ufake izithelo, imifino kanye namakhambi ahlukahlukene.
• Gcina isisindo esinempilo: Kubaluleke kakhulu ukugcina isisindo esifanele ubude bakho.
• Vivinya umzimba njalo: Ngisho nento elula njengokuhamba imizuzu engama-30 ngosuku ingasiza.
• Nciphisa ukusetshenziswa kotshwala.
• Yeka ukubhema nokusebenzisa imikhiqizo kagwayi ngokuphelele. Khuluma nodokotela uma udinga usizo ngalokhu.

Nciphisa ingozi yokulimala kobuchopho okubuhlungu (TBI):

• Shayela ngokuphepha: Gqoka ibhande lesihlalo njalo. Ungashayeli uphuze izidakamizwa noma utshwala. Ungasebenzisi ifoni uma ushayela.
• Gqoka izinto zokuzivikela uma usebenza noma udlala imidlalo, ikakhulukazi izigqoko zokuzivikela.
• Vimbela ukuwa ekhaya: Gcina izitebhisi zicacile futhi zikhanya kahle. Qaphela izindawo ezishelelayo.
• Hlola amehlo akho njalo.
• Khuluma nodokotela wakho njalo mayelana nokuthi ngabe kukhona yini imithi noma izithako ozithathayo ezibangela isiyezi.

Ngokulandela le mikhuba, ungazivikela hhayi kuphela kwi-Quadrantanopia, kodwa nakwezinye izifo eziningi.

Hlobo luni lwekusasa umuntu one-'Quadrantanopia' angalulindela?

Akukho ukwelashwa okuqinisekile kwe-Quadrantanopia. Lokhu kusho ukuthi kunzima ukubuyisela ngokuphelele umbono owonakele. Kodwa-ke, njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, ngezinye izikhathi isimo singathuthuka ngokwaso, noma ngisho ngokuphelele .

Ngisho noma usenokulahlekelwa ukubona okuthile, ungakhathazeki. Iningi labantu lingaqhubeka nokwenza iningi lezinto ababezenza. Kuthatha isikhathi ukujwayela.

Udokotela wakho angakutshela ngezinsiza ezingakusiza ukubhekana nalezi zinguquko, njengezinsizakalo zokuvuselela umbono, izinsizakalo zokwelulekwa, noma, uma kudingeka, ukuhlola kabusha ikhono lakho lokushayela.

Kufanele ufune nini iseluleko sezokwelapha uma usola ukuthi une-Quadrantanopia?

Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izinguquko noma ukulahlekelwa umbono wakho nganoma yisiphi isikhathi, ungakushayi indiva. Bonana nodokotela ngokushesha.

Ngokuqondene,

• Uma ucabanga ukuthi unesifo sohlangothi (isib. ukugoba okungazelelwe kolunye uhlangothi lobuso bakho, ukungazweli engalweni, ubunzima bokukhuluma).
• Uma uke walimala ebuchosheni ngendlela ebuhlungu (isib., ingozi yemoto, ukuwa, noma ukushaywa kanzima ekhanda).

Ezimweni ezinjalo, ukulaliswa esibhedlela ngokushesha kubalulekile, njengoba i-Quadrantanopia ingaba uphawu lwesimo esibucayi esiyisisekelo.

Yimiphi imibuzo okufanele uyibuze udokotela mayelana ne-Quadrantanopia?

Uma kutholakale ukuthi une-Quadrantanopia, ungase ube nemibuzo eminingi. Buza udokotela wakho ngayo yonke le mibuzo. Isibonelo, ungase ufune ukubuza imibuzo efana nale:

• Yiziphi izinsiza ezitholakalayo zokungisiza ngiphile ngendlela evamile nalokhu kulahlekelwa umbono?
• Ingabe kukhona 'izivivinyo zemitholampilo' engingahlanganyela kuzo?
• Ingabe kukhona uhlelo lokudla olukhethekile okufanele ngilulandele?
• Ngingawusiza kanjani umndeni wami nabangani bami? Ingabe zikhona izindawo lapho bangathola khona ukwesekwa?
• Ngingakwazi yini ukwenza isivivinyo ukuze ngiqiniseke ukuthi ngikwazi ukushayela ngokuphepha?

Buza konke okudingeka ukwazi kanje. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi uqonde kahle isimo sakho. Lalela ngokucophelela lokho okushiwo yithimba lezokwelapha, bese ulandela iseluleko sabo.

Okokugcina, okufanele ukukhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Kulungile, ngakho-ke ngithemba ukuthi usuyaqonda kangcono i-'Quadrantanopia' esikhulume ngayo namuhla. Ngamafuphi:

• I-Quadrantanopia ukulahleka kokubona engxenyeni eyodwa kwezine yensimu yakho yokubona .
• Izimbangela eziyinhloko zalokhu yizimo ezifana `nohlangothi`, `izimila`, kanye `nokulimala kobuchopho okubuhlungu` .
• Uma ubona ushintsho olungazelelwe embonweni, funa iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha.
• Kunezivivinyo zamehlo ezikhethekile zokuxilonga.
• Kungase kuxazululeke ngokwako, kodwa akwenzeki njalo. Kodwa-ke, izimpawu zingalawulwa ngokuvuselelwa kokubona .
• Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthatha izinyathelo zokuvimbela ukuze kuncishiswe ingozi yokushaywa yisifo sohlangothi kanye ne-TBI.

Khumbula, umbono wakho ubaluleke kakhulu. Uma ubona noma yiziphi izinguquko kuwo, ungawushayi indiva. Ukwenza izinto ngokushesha kungavimbela umonakalo owengeziwe. Uma unezinye izinkinga, ungangabazi ukukhuluma nodokotela.

I- Quadrantanopia, Insimu Yokubona, Ukulahlekelwa Ukubona, Ukukhubazeka, Ukulimala Kobuchopho, Ukuhlolwa Kwamehlo, Ukuvuselelwa Kokubona, Isifo Sohlangothi, I-TBI