Ingabe amehlo engane yakho abomvu esithombeni? Lokhu kumayelana ne-'Red Reflex'!

Wake wathatha isithombe sengane yakho noma enye ingane encane ikhanya? Kungenzeka ukuthi uke waphawula ukuthi ngezinye izikhathi amehlo engane akhanya abomvu. Abanye abantu bayakhathazeka kancane uma bebona lokhu, becabanga ukuthi, 'Kungani la mehlo ebomvu? Ingabe kukhona okungahambi kahle?' Kodwa isikhathi esiningi, lokhu akusikho okufanele sikhathazeke ngakho. Namuhla, sizoxoxa ngalokhu okubizwa ngokuthi 'i-red reflex'. Ake sithole ukuthi kuyini ngempela, kungani kwenzeka, nokuthi kuyinkinga noma cha.

Iyini ngempela i-'Red Reflex'?

Kalula nje, i-'Red Reflex' umbala obomvu obonakala nge-iris lapho ukukhanya kushaya ngemuva kweso bese kuboniswa emuva. Odokotela bezingane bazohlola ngokuqinisekile le 'red reflex' uma uyisa ingane yakho emtholampilo wanyanga zonke, noma uma uya kudokotela ukuze uhlole ukukhula kwayo. Futhi, njengoba sishilo ekuqaleni, lokhu kuyinto evame ukubonwa lapho uthatha izithombe nge-flash evuliwe.

Nokho, nakuba lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi 'i-red reflex', ngisho nakumuntu ophilile, akubonakali kubomvu ngaso sonke isikhathi. Ngakho-ke, abanye ochwepheshe bezokwelapha nabo basikisela ukusebenzisa igama elithi 'Fundus Reflex' kulokhu. Igama elithi 'Fundus' igama lezokwelapha elisho ingxenye yeso engemuva kweso. Ngakho-ke kulesi sihloko, singalisebenzisa lelo gama kwezinye izindawo.

Kungani lokhu kubukeka kubomvu? Noma kwenzeka kanjani lokhu?

Lokhu kulula kakhulu. Cabanga nje, ukukhanya kuwela esweni lakho. Lokho kukhanya kungena ngaphakathi kweso, kushaye izicubu ezingemuva kweso, okungukuthi, "i-fundus", bese kubuyiselwa emuva. Lokho kukhanya okubonakalayo yilokho esikubona ngendandatho emnyama yeso lethu. Kufana nokukhanya okuboniswa esibukweni.

Ingabe lokhu kubonakala kubomvu emehlweni abo bonke?

Nasi umbuzo obalulekile. Abantu abaningi bacabanga ukuthi wonke umuntu kufanele akubone lokhu njengokubomvu. Kodwa iqiniso liwukuthi, umbala walo 'ukusabela kwe-fundus' ungahluka kuye ngomuntu. Isizathu esiyinhloko salokho umbala wesikhumba. Njengoba umbala wesikhumba uba mnyama, izicubu ezingemuva kweso ngaphakathi kweso nazo zingase zibe mnyama kancane. Khona-ke umbala wokukhanya okubonakalayo nawo uyashintsha.

Kalula nje, i-'fundus reflex' enempilo ingavela ngemibala ehlukahlukene, njenge:

• Kulabo abanesikhumba esikhanyayo: Ngokuvamile, kuvela kusukela kubomvu kuya kowolintshi.
• Kubantu bozalo lwase-Asia, noma labo abanesikhumba esiphakathi nendawo: Kungabonakala kuphuzi kuya kophuzi.
• Kubantu abamnyama, noma labo abanesikhumba esimnyama kakhulu: Lokhu kungabonakala kumnyama, ngezinye izikhathi kuluhlaza okotshani noma kuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.

Ngakho-ke, ungakhathazeki uma amehlo engane yakho enombala ohlukile kunobomvu esithombeni. Cishe kuyinto evamile.

Singayibona kanjani le 'fundus reflex'?

Kulezi zinsuku, indlela elula yokubona lokhu ukuthatha isithombe ngethoshi endaweni emnyama. Ngenxa yokuthi amehlo ethu adinga ukubona kahle ebumnyameni, iris yeso iba nkulu. Bese ukukhanya okuvela ku-flash okusetshenziselwa ukuthatha isithombe kudlula ku-iris ekhulisiwe kungene esweni, bese kuboniswa emuva. Lokhu kwenzeka ngaphambi kokuba iris inciphe phansi.

Abathwebuli bezithombe bakubiza lokhu ngokuthi 'umphumela wamehlo abomvu'. Abathwebuli bezithombe abangochwepheshe bazama ukususa lokhu ezithombeni zabo. Izinhlelo zokusebenza eziningi zezithombe ze-smartphone kulezi zinsuku zinezindlela zokususa leli 'liso elibomvu'.

Kunini lapho kufanele sikhathazeke khona nge-'Red Reflex'?

Leli yiphuzu elibaluleke kakhulu. I-'fundus reflex' iyisivivinyo esibaluleke kakhulu esingasetshenziswa ukuthola impilo yamehlo ezingane ezincane, ikakhulukazi izinsana ezisanda kuzalwa. Ngoba ingabona ukukhubazeka kokubona, izimo ezithile zamehlo, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ngisho nezifo ezimbi kakhulu kusenesikhathi.

Uma kunenkinga, kunezindlela eziningana eziyinhloko zokubheka 'i-fundus reflex' ngendlela ehlukile:

• I-Leukocoria: Lokhu kusho “iso elimhlophe.” Kulesi simo, i-fundus reflex ibonakala ikhanya, iphuzi, noma imhlophe. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ukukhanya kuboniswa ngenye into ngaphandle kwe-fundus engaphakathi kweso. Akuvamile kakhulu, lokhu kungaba uphawu lohlobo lomdlavuza wamehlo olubizwa ngokuthi i-retinoblastoma. Kungathinta iso elilodwa noma womabili. Kuthinta cishe ingane eyodwa kwezingu-15,000 ezisanda kuzalwa.
• Ukukhanya okubuthakathaka ohlangothini olulodwa: 'I-fundus reflex' kufanele ifane kuwo womabili amehlo futhi icace. Ngezinye izikhathi, kuye ngokuthi i-engeli yokubuka noma ukukhanya, uhlangothi olulodwa lungase lungabonakali kahle kancane. Kodwa-ke, uma ukukhanya kwelinye iso kubukeka kuhlukile njalo kolunye, kuyindaba ekhathazayo.
• Ukuntuleka kwe-fundus reflex esweni elilodwa: Uma i-fundus reflex ibonakala kwelinye iso, kodwa ingabonakali nhlobo kwelinye iso, lokhu kungaba uphawu lwenkinga.

Ingabe kufanele ukhathazeke uma ubona ushintsho esithombeni?

Into ebaluleke kakhulu okufanele uyikhumbule lapha ukuthi i-'fundus reflex' yinto odokotela abaqeqeshwe abayibhekayo besebenzisa imishini ekhethekile, njenge-'ophthalmoscope'. Nakuba singakubona lokhu ezithombeni, akuwona umqondo omuhle ukwethuka ngoba nje ubona umehluko esithombeni esisodwa.

Kunezizathu eziningana zalokho:

• Ukwakheka kweso:Ingxenye esobala yeso lethu, i-cornea, ingabonisa nokukhanya. Lokho kukhanya ngezinye izikhathi kungabonakala njengombala okhanyayo. Kodwa akusikho ukukhanya okuvela ngaphakathi kweso.
• I-engeli yokubuka: Indlela i-'fundus reflex' ebonakala ngayo iyashintsha kuye ngokuthi siyibuka kanjani. Ngakho-ke, noma ngabe kukhona umehluko esithombeni esisodwa, akuyona into okufanele ukhathazeke ngayo ngaphandle kokuthi ibonakala njalo ezithombeni eziningana.
• Ibanga: Odokotela baqaphela le 'fundus reflex' besuka ebangeni eliphakathi kwamamitha angu-0.45 - 0.9. Akucaci kangako uma usuka kude. Uma kukhona isithombe esibonakalayo sisuka kude, cishe siwukubonakaliswa kwamehlo.

Yini okufanele ngiyenze uma ngibona into engavamile 'ekubukekeni okubomvu' komntwana wami?

Uma ubona into engavamile ku-fundus reflex yengane yakho (noma yengane oyinakekelayo), kuvamile ukuzizwa wesaba, ukhathazekile, noma ukhathazekile. Kodwa khumbula, ungesabi ngoba nje ubona isithombe esisodwa. Kungaba nezizathu eziningi zokuthi kungani i-fundus reflex ingase ibukeke ingavamile esithombeni.

Kodwa-ke, uma ubona ushintsho olufanayo njalo ezithombeni eziningi, noma uma unenkinga, kungcono ukushayela udokotela wezingane wengane yakho ucingo, uchaze lokho okuqaphelile, bese uhlela i-aphoyintimenti ukuze ingane yakho ihlolwe. Udokotela angahlola i-fundus reflex yengane yakho ukuze anqume ukuthi kukhona yini okufanele kukhathazeke ngakho.

Lokhu kuhlolwa kuthatha imizuzu embalwa kuphela. Ezimweni eziningi, akudingeki ukwanda, futhi akubuhlungu. Uma udokotela enomuzwa wokuthi kukhona okudinga ukunakekelwa okwengeziwe, uzokudlulisela kuchwepheshe wokunakekelwa kwamehlo.

Zikhona yini izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-smartphone ezingabuka i-'Red Reflex'?

Impendulo yalokhu inguyebo nocha. Kube nezinhlelo zokusebenza ezazingasetshenziswa kulolu hlobo lwento esikhathini esidlule, kodwa ikakhulukazi zazingezocwaningo. Ungase ukwazi ukuthola ezinye, kodwa okwamanje azikho izinhlelo zokusebenza ezivunyelwe yiziphathimandla zikahulumeni ngezinjongo zezokwelapha. Izinhlelo zokusebenza ezintsha ziyaphuma ngaso sonke isikhathi, kodwa akuwona umqondo omuhle ukuthembela kuzo zodwa.

Uma uke waba nombuzo mayelana nempilo yamehlo yengane yakho, qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela wezingane noma omunye udokotela ofanelekayo. Izinhlelo zokusebenza ngezinye izikhathi zingasiza ekuxilongeni izinto ezithile, kodwa ungalokothi usebenzise izinhlelo zokusebenza esikhundleni sokubona udokotela oqeqeshiwe nofanelekayo.

Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya

Kulungile, ngakho-ke ake sizikhumbuze amanye amaqiniso abaluleke kakhulu mayelana ne-'Red Reflex' noma i-'Fundus Reflex' esikhulume ngayo.

• Lokhu kubhekisela ekubukekeni okwenzeka lapho ukukhanya kwehlela iso, kuboniswa ngemuva kweso, futhi kubonakala nge-iris emnyama yeso.
• Lokhu kuhlolwa kubaluleke kakhulu ekutholakaleni kusenesikhathi kwezinkinga ezinkulu zamehlo ezinganeni, ikakhulukazi ezinganeni ezincane, njengomdlavuza wamehlo ongavamile (i-Retinoblastoma).
• Uma ukhathazekile ngombala wokukhanya obonakala emehlweni engane yakho, noma yini engavamile ngokubukeka kwayo, ungesabi futhi ubone udokotela wezingane.
• Ukuhlolwa kwamehlo okulula kanye nokuhlolwa kwe-'Fundus Reflex' kungahlonza noma yiziphi izinkinga kusenesikhathi futhi kuqede noma yikuphi ukungabaza ongase ube nakho. Khumbula, ukutholwa kwamehlo kusenesikhathi kungcono kakhulu!

Ngakho-ke, ngithemba ukuthi uyaqonda kahle i-'Red Reflex'. Ngithemba ukuthi lolu lwazi luwusizo kuwe!

` I-Red reflex, i-fundus reflex, amehlo abomvu, amehlo omntwana, impilo yamehlo, i-leukocoria, i-retinoblastoma