Ukwesaba okukhulu kumama noma ubaba onengane esanda kuzalwa ukuthi ingane yakhe izogula. Cabanga nje, ingane yakho encane iqala ukuhlanza ngokuzumayo ngenxa yomkhuhlane futhi ibe nesisu esimanzi. Ukwesaba okuzwayo lapho ingane yakho ishona ngaphandle kokuphuza ubisi oluncane akunakuchazwa. Namuhla sikhuluma ngegciwane elingabangela ukuphazamiseka okukhulu kwesisu, ikakhulukazi ezinganeni ezincane. Lelo yi-rotavirus. Kodwa ungakhathazeki, manje sekukhona umuthi wokugomela osebenza kahle kakhulu ongavikela izingane zethu kulesi sifo esiyingozi.
Iyini ngempela i-Rotavirus?
Kalula nje, i-rotavirus iyigciwane elibangela uhudo olukhulu kanye nokuhlanza ezinganeni ezincane. Ngokuqondile, libangela i-acute gastroenteritis. Leli gciwane lithola igama lalo ngoba libukeka njengesondo ngaphansi kwe-microscope. Njengesondo, leli gciwane lisakazeka ngokushesha kakhulu lisuka komunye umntwana liye komunye emphakathini.
Ngaphambi kokwethulwa kwalo muthi wokugomela, i-rotavirus yayiyimbangela ehamba phambili yokufa ezinganeni ezincane emhlabeni jikelele. Emhlabeni wonke, amakhulu ezinkulungwane zezingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka emi-5 zazibulawa yiyo minyaka yonke. Isizathu esiyinhloko salokhu ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni okukhulu okubangelwa yileli gciwane. Lokhu kusho ukuthi umzimba ulahlekelwa amanzi.
Leli gciwane likhona endle yomuntu onegciwane. Leli gciwane lingaphila kunoma iyiphi indawo, njengamathoyizi, izibambo zomnyango, noma ezandleni isikhathi eside. Izingane ezincane zingasithola kalula lesi sifo uma zithinta indawo engcolile bese zifaka izandla zazo emlonyeni wazo. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezifana nezikhungo zokunakekela izingane kanye nezibhedlela. Lingasakazeka futhi ngabantu abangazigezi izandla zabo kahle ngemva kokushintsha inabukeni lengane.
Izimpawu zingahlala izinsuku ezifika kwezingu-8. Izimpawu eziyinhloko umkhuhlane, isicanucanu, ukuhlanza, ubuhlungu besisu, kanye nohudo oluvame ukuba namanzi. Into eyingozi kakhulu ngalokhu ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni. Lokhu kuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni yisona sizathu esiyinhloko sokuthi ingane ilaliswe esibhedlela noma ife.
Lo muthi wokugoma unikezwa kanjani?
Lokhu akuyona imijovo efana neminye imijovo. Lona umuthi wokugomela ngomlomo . Ngakho-ke asikho isizathu sokukhathazeka ngokuthi umntwana uzolimala. Njengamanje, kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zemijovo.
Udokotela wakho uzonquma umuthi wokugoma ofanele kakhulu kanye nenani lemithamo yengane yakho. Lo muthi wokugoma unganikezwa ngezinsuku ezifanayo nemithi yokugoma evamile yengane yakho, kanye neminye imithi yokugoma.
| Igama lomjovo | Indlela yokunikeza |
|---|---|
| I-RotaTeq (RV5) | Kudingeka imithamo emi-3. Ngokuvamile inikezwa uma unezinyanga ezi-2, ezi-4, nezi-6 ubudala. |
| I-Rotarix (i-Rotarix - RV1) | Kudingeka imithamo emibili. Ngokuvamile inikezwa uma unezinyanga ezimbili nezine ubudala. |
Usebenza kangakanani umuthi wokugomela i-rotavirus?
Ucwaningo lukhombisile ukuthi lo muthi wokugoma ungavimbela cishe u-74% wokutheleleka kwe-rotavirus. Lokho kusho ukuthi ezinganeni eziyi-100 ezithola umuthi wokugoma, ezingu-74 ngeke zisithole lesi sifo.
Kodwa kukhona okubaluleke nakakhulu. Lo mjovo uvimbela ukugula okukhulu cishe ngo-98% . Uphinde unciphise ingozi yokulaliswa esibhedlela ngenxa ye-rotavirus ngo-96%. Kalula nje, uma ingane yakho ithola umjovo, mancane amathuba okuthi ibe nkulu, iphelelwe amanzi emzimbeni futhi idinga ukulaliswa esibhedlela eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) . Leli yinani elikhulu kakhulu lalo mjovo.
Ingabe lo muthi wokugoma uphephile ngempela?
Yebo, lo ngumbuzo abazali abaningi abanawo. Umuthi wokugomela i-rotavirus osetshenziswa njengamanje uhlolwe ezinganeni ezingaphezu kuka-70,000 ngaphambi kokuba uvunyelwe. Zonke lezo zivivinyo ziqinisekisile ukuthi umuthi wokugomela uphephile kakhulu.
Kwakukhona omunye umuthi wokugoma obizwa ngokuthi `(RotaShield)`. Kodwa wasuswa emakethe ngoba kwatholakala ukuthi wandisa kancane ingozi yesimo esingavamile esibizwa ngokuthi `(Intussusception).` (Intussusception)` yilapho ingxenye yamathumbu inamathela kwenye ingxenye, okubangela ukuvaleka kwamathumbu.
Kodwa imijovo emibili esiyisebenzisayo manje, i-RotaTeq kanye ne-Rotarix, ibonakalisiwe ukuthi ayikhulisi leyo ngozi . Ngakho-ke, iphephile kakhulu ukuyinika izingane.
Ingabe zikhona izingane okungafanele zinikezwe umuthi wokugomela i-rotavirus?
Yebo, kunezimo ezithile ezikhethekile lapho lo muthi wokugoma ungafaneleki. Ezimweni ezinjalo, kufanele ukhulume nodokotela wakho .
- Ingane eye yaba nokusabela okukhulu kokungezwani komzimba nomthamo wangaphambilini walo muthi ngeke iphinde inikezwe lo muthi wokugoma.
- Uma ingane inokugula okulinganiselwe noma okunzima (isib. umkhuhlane ophakeme, impumulo egobhozayo) ngosuku okufanele igonywe ngalo, kungcono ukulinda kuze kube yilapho ingane isilulame ngokuphelele ngaphambi kokunikeza umjovo.
- Isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela somntwana sibuthakathaka.Uma unayo, kufanele wazise udokotela wakho ngaphambi kokugonywa. Ezinye zezizathu ezenza amasosha omzimba wakho abe buthaka zifaka:
- Izifo ezithinta amasosha omzimba, njenge-HIV/AIDS.
- Ukusetshenziswa isikhathi eside kwemithi efana nama-steroid.
- Uma unomdlavuza noma uthola ukwelashwa komdlavuza (ama-X-ray noma imithi).
Iyini imiphumela emibi yomuthi wokugoma?
Njenganoma yimuphi umuthi wokugoma, lo ungabangela imiphumela emibi emincane, kodwa iningi lezingane alibi nemiphumela emibi.
Kodwa-ke, akuvamile kakhulu ukuthi kube nokusabela okukhulu kokungezwani komzimba. Lokhu akuvamile kakhulu. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, kungase kuvele izimpawu ezilandelayo:
| Izimpawu zokungezwani komzimba okukhulu (okungavamile kakhulu) | |
|---|---|
| Ubunzima bokuphefumula | Umsindo wokukhala komoya |
| Ama-Hives | Ubumpunga |
| Ukushaya kwenhliziyo | |
Uma ubona noma yiziphi zalezi zimpawu, kufanele uphuthumise ingane yakho e-Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) yesibhedlela esiseduze . Kodwa futhi, amathuba okuba kwenzeke into efana nalena mancane kakhulu.
Ngokuvamile, imiphumela emibi yesikhashana kuphela ebonakala.
| Imiphumela emibi emincane, yesikhashana | |
|---|---|
| Inani elincane lamahlule obisi noma ukuhlanza | Ukulala kusenesikhathi |
| Ukwanda kokucasuka enganeni (ukuklinya) | |
Lezi zinto zivame ukuphela phakathi nosuku noma ezimbili. Uma unenkinga ngalokhu, khuluma nodokotela wakho womndeni.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Rotavirus yisifo esibangela ukuhlanza okukhulu kanye nesifo sohudo ezinganeni ezincane, futhi singaba yingozi ngenxa yokuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni.
- Umuthi wokugomela lokhu awusiwo umjovo, kodwa uketshezi olunikezwa ngomlomo. Ngakho-ke, ingane ayizizwa ubuhlungu.
- Imithi yokugoma esetshenziswayo njengamanje iphephile kakhulu futhi isebenza kahle kakhulu ekuvimbeleni ingane ukuthi igule kakhulu futhi idinge ukulaliswa esibhedlela.
- Imiphumela emibi emincane (ukucasuka, ukuhlanza okuncane) ingase ivele ngemva kokugonywa, kodwa ingeyesikhashana. Ukusabela okukhulu kokungezwani komzimba akuvamile kakhulu.
- Khuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nesimiso sokugomela i-rotavirus yengane yakho kanye nanoma yiziphi izinkinga ongase ube nazo.
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