Ingabe ingane yakho encane nayo ithola umkhuhlane onje? Ake sifunde nge-RSV (Respiratory Syncytial Virus)!

Ngezinye izikhathi ungase ucabange ukuthi zonke lezi zingane ezincane zinomkhuhlane ofanayo, akunjalo? Nokho, i-RSV isifo sokuphefumula esiqala njengomkhuhlane futhi ngezinye izikhathi singaba sibi kakhulu. I-RSV igama elifushane legciwane elibizwa ngokuthi 'i-Respiratory Syncytial Virus'. Leli yigciwane elibangela i-RSV. Into emangalisayo ukuthi cishe sonke sesike saba nayo okungenani kanye ngaphambi kokuba sineminyaka emibili. Kodwa-ke, isivikelo esivela ekubeni nayo kanye, okungukuthi, ukuzivikela komzimba, asihlali phakade. Ngakho-ke, kungenzeka ukuyithola ngokuphindaphindiwe.

Ingabe i-RSV ivame kakhulu kunalokho esikucabangayo?

Yebo, i-RSV iyisimo esivame kakhulu kunalokho esikucabangayo. Sivame ukuzwa ngezingane ezithola i-RSV futhi zibe yingozi. Kodwa, kungenzeka ngempela kubantu abadala, kanye nezingane zanoma yimuphi ubudala. Izingane ezincane kakhulu, okusho ukuthi izingane ezinezinyanga ezimbalwa ubudala, kungaba nzima kakhulu ukuzithola. Lokho kungenxa yokuthi amasosha azo omzimba awakakhuli ngokugcwele. Futhi izindlela zazo zokuphefumula zincane kakhulu. Ngakho-ke zinamathuba amaningi okuthola ukuvuvukala.

Cabanga nje, ungathola i-RSV izikhathi eziningana empilweni yakho. Ngezinye izikhathi ungayithola kabili ngonyaka ofanayo! Kubantu abadala, ivame ukuba njengomkhuhlane ovamile. Kodwa-ke, abantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-65 ubudala, labo abanezivikeli mzimba ezibuthakathaka, noma labo abangakwazi ukulwa nokugula, basengozini enkulu yokugula kakhulu.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-RSV?

Kulungile, manje ake sibheke ukuthi yiziphi izimpawu ongase uzizwe uma uthola i-RSV. Ezinye zalezi zingase zizwakale zijwayelekile kuwe.

• Ukukhwehlela
• Ubunzima bokuphefumula
• Umuzwa wezingane ezincane kakhulu eziyeka ukuphefumula
• Impumulo egobhozayo noma evalekile (kungaba ikhala eligobhozayo noma ikhala elivalekile)
• Ukuthimula
• Umphimbo obuhlungu
• Ikhanda elibuhlungu
• Ukukhathala
• Imfiva
• Isifiso sokudla

Ezinsaneni nasezinganeni ezincane, lezi zimpawu zingase zibukeke zihlukile kancane. Zingase zibe nokucasuka okungajwayelekile noma zicasuke, zikhale kakhulu , noma zingathandi ukudlala njengoba zazinjalo ngaphambili. Uma ingane yakho ingaphansi konyaka ubudala futhi inalezi zimpawu ze-RSV, qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi uma wena noma ingane yakho ninezimpawu ezinzima, kufanele niye esibhedlela ngokushesha.

Yiziphi lezi zimpawu ezinzima?

Ake sibone ukuthi yiziphi izimpawu ezinzima ngokwanele ukuthi zidinge ukuvakashelwa esibhedlela esiphuthumayo:

• Ukuphefumula kanzima, uzizwa sengathi uyacinana
• Ukuphefumula noma eminye imisindo engavamile lapho uphefumula .
• Umbala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma ompunga esikhumbeni, ezindebeni, noma ezinzipho. Lokhu kusho ukuthi umzimba awutholi umoya-mpilo owanele.
• Uma umntwana ephefumula, isikhumba esiphakathi kwezimbambo esifubeni sibonakala sidonsa. Lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi `(ukuhoxa)`.
• Ukuvutha kwenzeka lapho ikhala libonakala likhula uma uphefumula.
• Ukuphefumula kufushane kakhulu, kuncane, kuyashesha, noma kukhona ukuphumula okude phakathi kokuphefumula.

Yini ebangela i-RSV? Idluliselwa kanjani?

I-RSV ibangelwa igciwane elibizwa ngokuthi i-Respiratory Syncytial Virus. Akusona isifo esibangelwa amagciwane. Ngakho-ke, ngokuvamile asikwazi ukwelashwa ngama-antibiotic.

Manje ake sibone ukuthi lokhu kusakazeka kanjani kusuka kumuntu kuya komunye:

• Ngokusondelana nomuntu onesifo (isibonelo, ukuthinta noma ukuqabula umuntu ogulayo).
• Amaconsi okuphefumula akhiqizwa lapho umuntu onegciwane ekhwehlela noma ethimula. La maconsi angaphefumula emoyeni futhi angaphefumulwa ngumuntu oseduze, okubangela lesi sifo.
• Ngokuthinta izinto ezinegciwane bese uthinta ikhala lakho, umlomo, noma amehlo ngesandla esifanayo. Cabanga ngakho, amathoyizi, amatafula, izibambo zeminyango, amafoni, nezinye izinto zingangcoliswa yileli gciwane.

Ingabe i-RSV iyathelelana? Ingathelelana isikhathi esingakanani?

Yebo, i-RSV iyisifo esithelelanayo kakhulu. Ungayisakaza kwabanye uma nje unezimpawu - okuvame ukuba yizinsuku ezintathu kuya kweziyisishiyagalombili . Igciwane le-RSV lisakazeka ngokushesha kakhulu lisuka komunye umuntu liye komunye. Igciwane lingaphila ezindaweni eziqinile njengamatafula amahora amaningana.

Cabanga nje, ungasabalalisa i-RSV komunye umuntu kusenesikhathi sosuku noma ezimbili ngemva kokuqala ukuba nezimpawu. Lokho kungaphambi kokuba ugula! Izinsana ezincane kanye nabantu abanezivikeli mzimba ezibuthakathaka bangayisabalalisa kwabanye kuze kube amasonto amane ngemva kokuba izimpawu seziphelile .

Yiziphi izinkinga ezingaba khona ngenxa ye-RSV?

Nakuba i-RSV ngezinye izikhathi iziphelela yodwa, abanye abantu bangaba nezinkinga ezibangela ubunzima bokuphefumula. Nazi ezinye zazo:

• I-Bronchitis: Lokhu ukuvuvukala kwemigudu yomoya emikhulu eholela emaphashini.
• I-pneumonia: Kungenzeka ukuthi uke wezwa ngalokhu. Kuyisifo esithinta amaphaphu.
• I-Bronchiolitis: Lokhu ukuvuvukala kwemigudu yomoya emincane kakhulu emaphashini ezingane ezincane. Lena inkinga evame kakhulu ye-RSV ezinganeni.
• Ukwanda kwezimo zezokwelapha ezikhona.Isibonelo, uma umuntu ene-asthma, ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo okungapheli, noma isifo samaphaphu esingamahlalakhona njenge-COPD (isifo samaphaphu esingamahlalakhona), izimo zakhe zingaba zimbi kakhulu uma ethola i-RSV.
• Ukwehluleka kokuphefumula: Lokhu kusho ukuthi amaphaphu awakwazi ukusebenza kahle.
• I-Hypoxia, noma ukwehla kwamazinga omoya-mpilo emzimbeni.
• Ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni: Lokhu kwenzeka lapho umzimba ulahlekelwa amanzi amaningi. Lokhu kungabangelwa izinto ezifana nomkhuhlane kanye nokulahlekelwa yisifiso sokudla.
• Ukutheleleka kwendlebe

Ubani osengozini enkulu yokugula kakhulu nge-RSV?

Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, nakuba wonke umuntu engathola i-RSV, abanye abantu banamathuba amaningi okugula kakhulu ngenxa yayo.

• Izinsana ezingaphambi kwesikhathi kanye nezingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka emibili ubudala zisengozini enkulu ngoba izindlela zazo zokuphefumula zincane kakhulu futhi zingavaleka kalula.
• Abantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-65 ubudala.
• Abantu abanezinhlelo zokuzivikela ezibuthakathaka (isibonelo, labo abathola ukwelashwa komdlavuza, labo abane-HIV, noma labo abanezinye izinhlelo zokuzivikela ezibuthakathaka).
• Abantu abanesifo senhliziyo. Lokhu kufaka phakathi isifo senhliziyo abazalwa naso.
• Abantu abanezifo zamaphaphu ezingamahlalakhona njenge-asthma.

Odokotela bakuthola kanjani i-RSV?

Uma wena noma ingane yakho ninezimpawu ze-RSV, udokotela uvame ukuthatha isampula ekhaleni lakho. Bazosebenzisa i-swab ethambile, eneziqongo zekotoni ukwenza lokhu. Isampula ithunyelwa elabhorethri ukuze ihlolwe igciwane le-RSV.

Ngezinye izikhathi, i-X-ray yesifuba ingenziwa ukuze kuhlolwe izinkinga ezifana ne-pneumonia.

Iphathwa kanjani i-RSV?

Eqinisweni, akukho ukwelashwa okuqondile kwegciwane le-RSV uqobo. Okusho ukuthi, akukho umuthi othize wokubulala leli gciwane. Ukwelashwa kuhloselwe kakhulu ukulawula izimpawu nokuvimbela izinkinga.

Uma wena noma ingane yakho ninesifo esibi kakhulu se-RSV, kungadingeka nihlale esibhedlela ukuze nithole ukwelashwa. Esibhedlela, odokotela nabahlengikazi bazokusiza ukuthi ululame. Bangenza izinto ezinjengalezi:

• Ukwelashwa nge-oxygen: Nikeza umzimba umoya-mpilo owengeziwe.
• Ukunikeza uketshezi nge-IV: Vimbela ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni.
• Uma ukuphefumula kunzima kakhulu, xhuma emshinini wokuphefumula owenziwe (umoya wokuphefumula ngomshini / umoya wokuphefumula).

Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi ngenxa yokuthi i-RSV iyigciwane, ayilashwa ngama-antibiotic.Ama-antibiotic anikezwa kuphela ukutheleleka ngamagciwane.

Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela?

Akudingeki njalo ukubona udokotela noma ngabe unezimpawu ze-RSV. Kodwa-ke, kwezinye izimo, kufanelekile ngempela ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha.

Uma ufuna ingane, bheka udokotela wezingane ngalezi zikhathi:

• Uma ingane yakho ingaphansi kwezinyanga ezingu-12 (unyaka owodwa) futhi inezimpawu ze-RSV.
• Uma ingane inezinye zezimpawu ezilandelayo:
• Uma umkhuhlane uphakeme ngaphezu kwama-degree Celsius angu-38 (100.4 Fahrenheit) (lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi ezinganeni ezingaphansi kwezinyanga ezintathu ubudala).
• Uma ingane yanoma yimuphi ubudala inomkhuhlane ongaphezu kwama-degree Celsius angu-40 (104 Fahrenheit).
• Uma izimpawu zingathuthuki ngemva kwesonto, noma uma ziba zimbi kakhulu.
• Uma kukhona ukuphuma koketshezi endlebeni, noma uma ingane ithinta indlebe yayo njalo (lokhu kungaba izimpawu zokutheleleka kwendlebe).
• Uma unenkinga yokuphefumula noma ukukhwehlela okukhulu.
• Uma uzwa ukuphefumula noma eminye imisindo engavamile ngenkathi uphefumula.

Uma ungumuntu omdala, bona udokotela uma:

Abantu abadala bavame ukuphatha izimpawu ze-RSV ekhaya. Kodwa-ke, uma unezimpawu futhi noma yikuphi kwalokhu okulandelayo kusebenza kuwe, bheka udokotela:

• Uma uneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-65 ubudala.
• Uma amasosha akho omzimba ebuthakathaka.
• Uma unesifo senhliziyo noma isifo samaphaphu.

Udokotela wakho uzokutshela uma udinga ukuza ukuzohlolwa, noma ukuthi yiziphi izimpawu ezingathi sína okufanele uziqaphele.

Kufanele uye nini emnyangweni wezimo eziphuthumayo (i-ETU) ?

Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu. Uma wena noma ingane yakho ninezimpawu ze-RSV ezinzima okukhulunywe ngazo ngenhla, iya ekamelweni lezimo eziphuthumayo esibhedlela ngokushesha. Uyakhumbula lezo zimpawu? Ubunzima obukhulu bokuphefumula - njengokukhwehlela, ukuvuleka kwamakhala, ukuhoxa kwesifuba, noma umbala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka/ompunga esikhumbeni.

I-RSV ingahlala isikhathi esingakanani?

I-RSV ivame ukuhlala cishe isonto elilodwa noma amabili. Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi ukukhwehlela kungaqhubeka izinsuku ezimbalwa. Uma i-RSV inzima, ingaqhubeka isikhathi eside.

Yini ongayenza ekhaya ukuze uthole impumuzo?

Uma unezimpawu ezincane, ungathola impumuzo ngokwenza lezi zinto ekhaya:

• Ukusebenzisa i-cool-mist humidifier: Lokhu kungenza ukuphefumula kube lula.
• Ukusebenzisa i-nasal saline spray: Lokhu kungasiza ekunciphiseni ukukhwehlela kanye nokuminyana kwamakhala.
• Ukumunca kusiza ukususa ulwelwesi ekhaleni lomntwana. Kunzima kakhulu ngengane ukuba nekhala eliqinile. Kunemishini efana namapayipi amancane alokhu.
• Phuza uketshezi oluningi ukuze uvimbele ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni. Izinto ezifana namanzi, isobho, kanye nejusi yezithelo zilungile.
• Amaphilisi okudambisa ubuhlungu athengiswa ngaphandle kwemithi (OTC) angathengwa ekhemisi ngaphandle kwencwadi kadokotela. Isibonelo, i-paracetamol (acetaminophen) noma i-ibuprofen (ibuprofen).

Kodwa, khumbula, ngaphambi kokusebenzisa noma yimuphi umuthi, ikakhulukazi uma uwunika izingane, kufanele nakanjani uthintane nodokotela wakho noma udokotela wezingane.

Ingabe zikhona izindlela zokuzivikela ku-RSV?

Yebo, yize singenakukwazi ukugwema ngokuphelele i-RSV, kunezinto eziningana esingazenza ukuze sizivikele kuyo.

Izinsana ezifika ezinyangeni ezingu-8 ubudala kanye nezinye izingane ezincane ezisengozini enkulu zingathola isivikelo ngomuthi wokugomela obizwa ngokuthi i-monoclonal antibody immunication. Lokhu kunikeza imizimba yazo ama-antibodies asiza ekulweni nokutheleleka kwe-RSV. Lona akuyona ngempela umuthi wokugomela, kodwa uyanikeza isivikelo.

Imithi yokugomela i-RSV isiyatholakala kwabesifazane abakhulelwe kanye nabantu abadala abaneminyaka engaphezu kuka-75 (noma abangaphezu kuka-60 abanezimo ezithile zempilo). Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngalokho okungcono kakhulu kuwe nomndeni wakho.

Ngaphezu kwalezi zinto, kunezinto ezimbalwa ezilula esingazenza nsuku zonke ukuze sihlale siphephile ku-RSV:

• Geza izandla zakho kahle njalo. Ikakhulukazi ngemva kokusebenzisa indlu yangasese, ngaphambi kokudla, nangaphambi kokulungisa ukudla.
• Nciphisa ukuchayeka kumagciwane. Gwema ukuthatha izingane ezincane uziyise ezindaweni ezinabantu abaningi, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi somkhuhlane kanye nenkathi yomkhuhlane. Gwema ukuzivumela zidlale noma zisondelane nezingane ezigulayo.
• Gcina izindawo ezithintwa njalo zihlanzekile. Sula izindawo ezithintwa njalo njengezinto zokudlala, amatafula, nezibambo zeminyango ngesibulali-magciwane.

Okokugcina, okufanele ukukhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

I-RSV yisifo esivame ukufika sidlule njengomkhuhlane ovamile, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi singaba sibi kakhulu. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi uhlale uqaphile izimpawu ezingathi sína. Uma wena noma ingane yakho nizwa noma yini engavamile - noma ngabe nicabanga ukuthi umkhuhlane nje - ningangabazi ukushayela udokotela ucingo noma ukuya ekamelweni lezimo eziphuthumayo. Lokhu kungasiza ekuvimbeleni izinkinga eziningi. Hlalani niphephile nonke!

I- RSV, i-Respiratory Syncytial Virus, izifo zokuphefumula, umkhuhlane, ukukhwehlela, ubunzima bokuphefumula, izifo zobuntwana, amagciwane, izifo ezithelelanayo