Kwenzekani ekhanda uma ushaya ikhanda lakho? Ake sixoxe ngokuqhekeka kwekhanda ngamagama alula.

Empilweni yethu yansuku zonke, kuvamile ukuthi kube nezingozi ezincane kanye nokuwa. Ikakhulukazi emakhaya anezingane ezincane, lapho zidlala, zigijima, noma zigxuma, zingase ziqhume kancane ekhanda. Ngezikhathi ezinjalo, sizizwa sesaba kakhulu, sicabanga ukuthi, 'O, ingabe kukhona okwenzekile enganeni yami? Angazi ukuthi ilimele kabi ekhanda.' Ngezinye izikhathi, iqhuma ekhanda elinjengaleli lingabangela umonakalo ekhanda. Leso ngesinye sezimo esizokhuluma ngazo namuhla, okungukuthi, ukuphuka kwekhanda .

Kuyini Ukuphuka Kwekhanda?

Kalula nje, ukuphuka kwekhanda kuwukuphuka kwethambo elivikelayo elimboze ubuchopho bethu, ikhanda . Lolu uhlobo lokulimala ekhanda. Ngokuvamile, lokhu kwenzeka lapho ikhanda lishaywa kanzima, okungukuthi, lapho kuba nohlobo oluthile lokulimala.

Iningi lamanxeba okuphuka kwekhanda lincane, okusho ukuthi alidingi ukuhlinzwa. Kodwa-ke, uma ulimele ekhanda, kufanele nakanjani ushayele u-911 noma inombolo yakho ephuthumayo yendawo . Amanye amanxeba ekhanda angaba yingozi empilweni, ngakho-ke ukwelashwa kusenesikhathi kubalulekile ekutholeni imiphumela emihle kakhulu.

Uma ukulimala kuthinte ubuchopho bakho nganoma iyiphi indlela, kungase kudingeke ukuhlinzwa ukuze kwelashwe. Amanye amanxeba ekhanda ayaphola ngaphandle kokwelashwa, kodwa udokotela uzoqapha ngokucophelela amanxeba ukuze aqinisekise ukuthi azikho ezinye izinkinga.

Ingabe kunezinhlobo zokuphuka kwekhanda?

Yebo, kunezinhlobo eziningana zokuphuka kwekhanda. Ake sibheke ukuthi ziyini:

Ukuphuka okuqondile

Lolu uhlobo oluvame kakhulu . Lubukeka njengomugqa omncane epuletini, njengomugqa omncane ethanjeni lekhanda. Ngokuvamile luvela phezulu ekhanda, emathanjeni angaphezu kwezindlebe.

Ukuphuka okucindezelekile

Okwenzekayo kulesi simo ukuthi ucezu lwethambo eliphukile lucindezelwa ngaphakathi, okungukuthi, lubheke ebuchosheni . Lungena ngaphakathi, njengalapho ithini liphukile. Kungase kube nezingcezu eziningana ezincane eziphukile kulesi simo.

Ukuphuka kwe-Basal/Basilar

Lokhu kuyinkimbinkimbi kancane. Amathambo aphukayo kulokhu aphansi kakhulu kwekhanda, ngemuva kobuso bethu, ngaphakathi, futhi awabonakali kithi ngaphandle .

Ukuphuka kwe-diastatic

Amathambo ekhanda lethu axhunywe yizicucu (`izicucu ze-Cranial`). Leli yigama elinikezwe ukuba khona kwalezi zicucu . Lokhu kuvame kakhulu ezinganeni ezincane, ngoba izicucu zazo azikapholi ngokuphelele.

Ukuqhekeka okuhlanganisiwe noma okuyinkimbinkimbi

Ngezinye izikhathi izinhlobo eziningana zalezi ezingenhla zingavela ndawonye, ​​noma zingaphuka ezindaweni eziningana. Yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi ukuqhekeka okuyinkimbinkimbi.

Ukuqhekeka okuvaliwe kanye nokuqhekeka okuvulekile

Kukhona enye indlela ebalulekile yokuhlukanisa la ma-fracture. Okusho ukuthi, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi isikhumba esingaphezu kwe-fracture (i-`scalp`) sidabukile noma cha.

• Ukuphuka okuvaliwe: Ukulimala akuphuli isikhumba phezu kokuphuka. Lolu uhlobo oluvame kakhulu .
• Ukuphuka okuvulekile: Ukulimala kuphule isikhumba phezu kwendawo yokuphuka, kwakha isilonda. Lokhu kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi kuvumele amagciwane ukuthi angene , ngakho-ke kwandisa ingozi yokutheleleka.

Kuvamile kangakanani lokhu?

Azikho izibalo eziqondile mayelana nokwanda kokuphuka kwekhanda. Kodwa-ke, e-United States kuphela, kubikwa ukuvakashelwa kwamagumbi ezimo eziphuthumayo okungaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-2.5 minyaka yonke ngenxa yokulimala ekhanda (kufaka phakathi ukuphuka kwekhanda).

Ziyini izimpawu zokuphuka kogebhezi?

Izimpawu zokuphuka kwekhanda zingahluka kuye ngohlobo lokuphuka kanye nokuthi kwenzeka kuphi. Kodwa-ke, ungase ubone izinto ezinjengalezi:

• Ukushintsha kombala wesikhumba (ukuba mnyama, ukubomvu) endaweni yokulimala.
• Ukubonakala okufana nokuvuvukala noma okufana neqhubu ekhanda.
• Imivimbo ezungeze inxeba, ezungeze amehlo (okubizwa nangokuthi 'amehlo e-Raccoon') noma ngemuva kwezindlebe ('uphawu lwempi') .
• Uketshezi olucacile (lokhu kungaba uketshezi lomgogodla (i-CSF)) oluphuma ekhaleni noma endlebeni.
• Ukuphuka okuvulekile kwenzeka lapho igazi liphuma enxebeni, ekhaleni, noma endlebeni.

Ziyini izimpawu-ke?

Uphawu lokuqala ikhanda elibuhlungu . Abantu abaningi banalobu buhlungu.

Kodwa-ke, uma ukulimala kuthinta ubuchopho, izimpawu ezifana nalezi:

• Isicanucanu nokuhlanza.
• Ukudideka.
• Inkulumo engaqondakali.
• Ukulahlekelwa umbono noma ukukhubazeka kokubona.
• Ukulahlekelwa umuzwa kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba.
• Ubunzima ngokulinganisela nokuxhumana.
• Ukukhathala.

Ziyini izimbangela zokuphuka kwekhanda?

Ithambo liyaphuka uma kusetshenziswa amandla amakhulu kakhulu ukuba ithambo lingakwazi ukumelana nawo. Nazi ezinye zezindlela ezivamile lapho ugebhezi lungaphuka khona:

• Ukulimala okubangelwa ukushayisana (ukushaya into ekhanda, noma ukushaya ikhanda ndawana thize). Cabanga ngengane iwa embhedeni noma esihlalweni ngenkathi idlala.
• Ukuwa .
• Izingozi zezimoto .
• Ukulimala kwezemidlalo .
• Udlame lomuntu siqu olubangelwa izingxabano zomuntu siqu .

Ubani osengozini enkulu?

Izingane ezincane zisengozini enkulu ngoba izikhumba zazo azikakhuli ngokugcwele futhi zincane. Futhi, abantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engu-75 basengozini enkulu ngoba bawa kaningi. Uma uhileleka emisebenzini eyingozi kakhulu njengemidlalo yokuxhumana, usengozini enkulu yokuphuka kwezikhumba.

Yiziphi izinkinga ezingaba khona ngenxa yokuphuka kogebhezi?

Ukuphuka kwekhanda kungabangela izinkinga ezifana nalezi:

• Ukopha okuya ezicutshini ezingaphakathi kobuchopho (i-intracranial hemorrhage).
• Ukulimala kobuchopho, ukudumba kwemisipha.
• Amahlule egazi (`i-venous sinus thrombosis`).
• Izinguquko ekubukekeni (ikakhulukazi uma uqhekeke kabi).
• Izifo (njenge-meningitis).
• Izimo ezifana nokukhubazeka.
• Ukuquleka, njengesithuthwane.

Ezinye zalezi zinkinga zingaba yingozi empilweni, yingakho kunconywa ukuthi ufune iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha ngemva kokulimala ekhanda.

Ukubona kanjani lokhu?

Udokotela uzoqinisekisa lokhu, ngokuvamile egumbini eliphuthumayo. Udokotela uzokwenza ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba bese enza ukuhlolwa kwezithombe, njenge-CT (Computed Tomography) scan . I-CT scan ingabonisa amathambo ekhanda lakho ngokucacile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuzokwenziwa ukuhlolwa kwezinzwa ukuze kubonakale ukuthi ukulimala kuthinte kanjani ubuchopho bakho. Ngezinye izikhathi i-MRI scan nayo ingaba usizo.

Iphathwa kanjani?

Iningi lama-fracture ekhanda alidingi ukwelashwa okukhethekile, ikakhulukazi uma ukulimala kusekhanda. Kodwa-ke, udokotela wakho angase akucele ukuthi uhlale esibhedlela izinsuku ezimbalwa ukuze uhlolwe.

Akukho ukwelashwa okuqondile 'kokuphuka okuqondile' , kuyaphola ngokwako. Ngesikhathi usesibhedlela, ithimba elikunakekelayo lizobheka izinkinga ezifana 'nokuquleka'. Uma kwenzeka, udokotela uzokunikeza 'imithi yokuvimbela ukuquleka'.

Ngemva kokulimala, ungasebenzisa imithi yobuhlungu isikhashana ukuze uzizwe ungcono. Ngezinye izikhathi, into efana ne-acetaminophen (i-Paracetamol) ingasiza ekunciphiseni izimpawu. Buza udokotela wakho ukuthi yimuphi umuthi wobuhlungu okulungele wena. Uma kukhona ukuvuvukala, ukusebenzisa iqhwa nakho kungasiza kakhulu .

Ukwelashwa kwamathambo aphukile njenge-`Basal`, `Depressed` kanye ne-`Diastatic` kuyahlukahluka kuye ngobukhulu bokulimala, futhi kungafaka okulandelayo:

• Ukuphumula ikhanda lakho liphakanyisiwe (ulele phansi ikhanda lakho bese ubuyela emuva emicamelweni).
• Ukususa uketshezi oluningi lwe-cerebrospinal (udokotela ukwenza lokhu ngokufaka inalithi encane emhlane wakho ongezansi).
• Uma kuqhekeke amathambo avulekile, kwenziwa ukuhlinzwa ukuze kulungiswe amathambo ekhanda, kubuyiselwe endaweni yawo, bese kuthungwa isikhumba phezu kwenxeba (`Suture`) .

Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuphulukiswa?

Isikhathi esithathayo ukuze ukuphuka kwekhanda kuphole siyahlukahluka kuye ngohlobo kanye nobunzima bokuphuka. Kungathatha noma yikuphi kusukela emavikini ambalwa kuya ezinyangeni ezimbalwa ukuthi amathambo akho aphole ngokugcwele .

Kwenzekani ngemva kokuphuka kogebhezi? Yini ongayilindela?

Uma kwenzeka ukuphuka kogebhezi, ukuqapha ngokucophelela kuyadingeka ukuze kuvinjelwe izinkinga.Udokotela wakho uzokunikeza imiyalelo eqondile yokuthi ungazinakekela kanjani ekhaya. Lokhu kungafaka: ukuphumula uqonde, ukushintsha ibhandeji enxebeni, nokugwema ukushaya ikhala lakho ngamandla uma ama-sinus akho onakele.

Gwema imisebenzi enzima kuze kube yilapho ugebhezi lwakho selupholile . Ukulandela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho ngqo kuzokusiza ukuthi ululame ngokushesha futhi ululame.

Uma unesilonda esithinta ukubukeka kwakho, kungaba ukwaphuka okucindezelekile noma ithambo eliphukile, ukuhlinzwa kokuvuselela umzimba kungasiza ekubuyiseleni ukubukeka kwakho futhi kuqinise ukuzethemba kwakho.

Izinkinga azivamile, kodwa zingavela, ikakhulukazi uma ukwaphuka kuthinta ubuchopho.

Ingabe lesi simo singalapheka ngokuphelele?

Ukubikezela kwakho kuncike ebunzimeni bokulimala, iminyaka yakho, kanye nempilo yakho jikelele. Iningi labantu liyalulama ngokuphelele ekuqhekekeni kogebhezi . Izinkinga zesikhathi eside azivamile.

Phakathi kwezingane, u-80% kuya ku-90% wokulimala kwekhanda okubikiwe kuncane . Ukuphuka kwekhanda okusongela ukuphila okudinga ukuhlinzwa akuvamile kangako.

Ungathola imininingwane eqondile ngesimo sakho kudokotela wakho.

Ingabe ukuqhekeka kwekhanda kungavinjelwa?

Yiqiniso, akuwona wonke ama-crack fracture angavinjelwa. Kodwa-ke, ungazivikela ezingozini ngokwenza okulandelayo:

• Ukugqoka izinto zokuzivikela lapho udlala imidlalo noma wenza umsebenzi oyingozi.
• Ukubopha ibhande lesihlalo uma ugibele imoto.
• Ukugqoka isigqoko sokuzivikela uma ugibela isithuthuthu, i-ATV/UTV, noma ibhayisikili.

Kunini lapho kudingeka uye esibhedlela ngokushesha?

Uma ulimele ekhanda, shayela ku-1990 (noma inombolo yakho yezimo eziphuthumayo yasendaweni) . Thola usizo ngokushesha uma unanoma yikuphi kwalokhu okulandelayo:

• Uma kukhona igazi noma uketshezi oluphuma ekhaleni noma ezindlebeni.
• Uma uzizwa udidekile noma ungazi lutho.
• Uma kunzima ukuhlala uphapheme.
• Uma unekhanda elibuhlungu kakhulu.

Yimiphi imibuzo okufanele uyibuze udokotela?

Uma uya kudokotela, ungabuza imibuzo efana nale:

• "Dokotela, hlobo luni lokuphuka kwekhanda enginalo?"
• "Hlobo luni lwemithi yokubulala izinhlungu engingayithatha?"
• "Ingabe ngidinga ukuhlinzwa?"
• "Ufuna ngihlale esibhedlela ukuze ngihlolwe?"
• "Ngingazinakekela kanjani uma ngifika ekhaya?"

Okokugcina, into ebaluleke kakhulu

Ngakho-ke, ungabona ukuthi ugebhezi lwethu luyingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu yobuchopho bethu evikela lona. Uma ulimele ekhanda, lingathinta futhi lilimaze ubuchopho. Ngakho-ke, uma ulimele ekhanda, funa usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha . Udokotela uzokunikeza ukwelashwa okudingayo, noma aqaphe ukulimala ukuze abone ukuthi kukhona yini izinkinga.

Nawe unganciphisa ingozi yakho yokuphuka kwekhanda ngokusebenzisa izindlela zokuphepha, njengokugqoka isigqoko sokuzivikela uma ugibela ibhayisikili noma isithuthuthu, kanye nokubopha ibhande lesihlalo uma ugibela imoto. Ungakhohlwa, ukuphepha kuza kuqala!

Ugebhezi , ukwaphuka kogebhezi, ukulimala kwekhanda, ukulimala kobuchopho, ingozi, ukwaphuka kogebhezi, Ukuphuka kogebhezi