Ingabe i-asthma yakho iya iba yimbi kakhulu futhi yenza kube nzima ukuphefumula? Ingabe lesi simo sibangelwa yi-asthmaticus?

Ingabe une-asthma? Noma ingabe othile emndenini wakho noma kumngane wakho une-asthma? Khona-ke kumelwe ukuthi uke wezwa ngezikhathi lapho i-asthma yakho iba yimbi kakhulu futhi ukuthola kunzima ukuphefumula. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi lesi simo se-asthma singaba sibi kakhulu kunalokho ocabanga. Lesi simo se-asthma, esibi kakhulu kangangokuthi asinakulawulwa ngemithi evamile, yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi i-Status Asthmaticus noma i-Acute Severe Asthma .

Iyini ngempela i-Status Asthmaticus?

Kalula nje, i-Status Asthmaticus yisigaba esibi kakhulu se-asthma. Yilapho ukuphefumula kwakho kuba nzima kakhulu, ngisho nangemithi yakho evamile ye-asthma, njenge-inhaler. Cabanga nje, awukwazi ukukhuluma noma ukudla, futhi awukwazi ukulala kahle. Lesi simo singaba sibi kakhulu ezinsukwini ezimbalwa, noma singaba sibi ngokuzumayo phakathi namahora ambalwa. Kodwa into engcono kakhulu ukuthi ungasivimbela kakhulu lesi simo esibi ngokunaka amaphethini akho okuphefumula, ukugwema izimbangela, nokulandela uhlelo lwe-asthma oluye lwakhiwa wena nodokotela wakho.

Okubalulekile: Lolu hlobo lokuhlaselwa yisifuba somoya esibi luyisimo esiphuthumayo esisongela ukuphila. Uma unenkinga enkulu yokuphefumula futhi i-inhaler yakho ingakusizi, kufanele ushayele u-911 ngokushesha noma uye emnyangweni wezimo eziphuthumayo wesibhedlela esiseduze.

Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-asthma evamile kanye nalesi esibizwa ngokuthi yi-status asthmaticus?

Manje ungase ucabange, 'Pho iyini i-asthma evamile nokuthi yini ebizwa ngokuthi i-Status Asthmaticus?' Yebo, kunjalo. I-asthma, njengoba sazi, iyisifo samaphaphu esingamahlalakhona . Kumuntu one-asthma, izinto ezibangela ukungezwani komzimba ezifana nomusi, uthuli, impova, noma ukuvivinya umzimba ngokweqile kungabangela ukuthi imigudu yomoya ivuvuke futhi igcwale ulwelwesi. Yilokhu okwenzekayo uma uba ne-asthma. Ngokuvamile, lesi simo se-asthma singalawulwa ngemithi.

Kodwa-ke, i-Status Asthmaticus iyisimo esihluke ngokuphelele futhi esibi kakhulu. Lokhu kwenzeka lapho uhlaselwa yi-asthma enzima engalawulwa yimithi yakho evamile ye-asthma ekhaya. Lokhu kusho ukuthi isimo siya siba sibi kakhulu, asibi ngcono.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-Status Asthmaticus noma i-asthma enzima?

Izimpawu zalesi simo esibi se-asthma zingakhula kancane kancane emahoreni ambalwa noma ezinsukwini ezimbalwa. Bona ukuthi lezi zimpawu zizwakala zijwayelekile yini kuwe:

• Ubunzima obukhulu bokuphefumula: Ubunzima bokuphefumula kahle. Ngezinye izikhathi kungaba nzima kangangokuthi awukwazi ngisho nokukhuluma noma ukudla.
• Ukuphefumula: Umsindo wokukhala uzwakala esifubeni uma uphefumula ngaphakathi nangaphandle.
• Ukukhwehlela: Ukukhwehlela okuqhubekayo nokunganqandeki kungase kwenzeke.
• Isilinganiso senhliziyo esisheshayo: Isilinganiso senhliziyo sikhula kakhulu.
• Isiyezi.
• Ukudideka: Ungase uzizwe sengathi ulahlekelwa ingqondo futhi awuqondi ngokugcwele okwenzekayo.
• Iminwe, izindebe noma isikhumba esiluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka: Lokhu kuyisibonakaliso esiyingozi kakhulu. Kusho ukuthi umzimba awutholi umoya-mpilo owanele.

Kungani i-Status Asthmaticus ikhula? Ziyini izimbangela?

Uma une-asthma, imigudu yakho yomoya, noma imigudu yomoya, iyancishiswa. Odokotela bakubiza lokhu ngokuthi i-bronchospasm . Futhi, le migudu yomoya iyavuvukala. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi ukuvuvukala . Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhiqizwa uketshezi oluningi.

Manje, ochwepheshe bakholelwa ukuthi imbangela eyinhloko yokuhlaselwa yi-asthma okunzima nokungalawuleki akuyona nje i-bronchospasm kodwa ukuvuvukala kwemigudu yomoya kanye nokukhiqizwa kwe-mucus ngokweqile. Ngokukhethekile, yilapho imigudu yomoya ivuvukala futhi ivalwe yi-mucus lapho ukuphefumula kuba nzima kakhulu.

Yiziphi izinto ezibangela ukwanda kwesimo se-asthmaticus?

Noma yini engabangela i-asthma evamile ingabangela nalesi simo esibi esibizwa ngokuthi i-Status Asthmaticus. Ake sibheke ezinye zalezi zimbangela ezivamile:

• Ukungezwani komzimba ekhaya nangaphandle: Izibungu zothuli, i-dander yezilwane ezifuywayo, impova, isikhunta, njll.
• Ezinye izinto ezicasulayo: Intuthu kagwayi, amakhambi, iphunga elibi elivela kumakhemikhali, umoya obandayo.
• Ukuzivocavoca umzimba: Abanye abantu bangase babe nokwanda kwesifo sofuba ngesikhathi sokuzivocavoca.
• Ukucindezeleka ngokomzwelo: I-asthma ingaba yimbi kakhulu uma udabuke kakhulu, wesaba, noma ukhathazekile.
• Ukutheleleka: Ukutheleleka kokuphefumula okufana nomkhuhlane, umkhuhlane, kanye ne-COVID-19.
• Imithi ethile: Isibonelo, eminye imithi yokubulala izinhlungu efana ne-aspirin kanye neminye imithi yomfutho wegazi ophakeme (ama-beta-blockers) ingadala i-asthma kwabanye abantu.

Ubani osengozini enkulu yokuthola lesi simo esibi se-asthma (i-Acute Severe Asthma)?

Ungase ube namathuba amaningi okuhlaselwa yizingubo ezinzima kanjena ngenxa yezizathu ezilandelayo:

• Uma ungazi ukuthi ungayisebenzisa kanjani i-inhaler yakho ngendlela efanele, noma uma uyisebenzisa ngendlela engafanele:Lokhu kuvame kakhulu. Ngoba kunezinyathelo eziningana okufanele uzilandele uma usebenzisa i-inhaler. Uma uphuthelwa yinoma iyiphi yazo, noma uma isikhathi sokuphefumula kwakho singafanele, akuwona wonke umuthi ozofika emaphashini akho. Khona-ke ngeke uthole miphumela.
• Uma wena noma odokotela bakho abakwelaphayo ningahloli ngokunembile ubukhali besifuba sakho: Lokhu kungasho ukuthi awutholi imithi efanele, noma umthamo ofanele.
• Uma ungakwazi ukuthatha imithi yakho, ungathandi, noma ungazi ukuthi uzoyithatha nini ukuze uvimbele izimpawu ezibucayi: Abanye abantu abathandi ukuthatha imithi yabo, noma abayithathi ngesikhathi. Ngisho nalapho, i-asthma ingaba nzima ukuyilawula.

Yiziphi izinkinga ezingaba khona ze-Status Asthmaticus?

Lesi simo esibi se-asthma (i-Acute Severe Asthma) singabangela izinkinga ezinkulu. Bheka:

• I-Hypoxia: Lokhu kusho ukuthi izicubu zomzimba wakho azitholi umoya-mpilo owanele. Lokhu kuyingozi kakhulu.
• I-Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS): Isimo lapho amaphaphu onakele kakhulu futhi ukuphefumula kuba nzima kakhulu.
• Ukwehluleka kokuphefumula: Lokhu kusho ukuthi amaphaphu akho awakwazi ukuphefumula ngokwawo. Kuleli qophelo, kungadingeka ukuthi uxhunywe kumshini wokuphefumula.

Ungasibona kanjani isimo se-asthmaticus noma i-asthma enzima?

Udokotela uzohlonza isimo se-asthmaticus ngokubheka izimpawu zakho, akuhlole, akubuze ngomlando wakho wezokwelapha, futhi mhlawumbe enze izivivinyo zokusebenza kwamaphaphu (isib. i-spirometry).

Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi odokotela bazoqala ukwelashwa ngokushesha ukuze balawule ukuphefumula kwakho. Okwamanje, bangase benze nokuhlolwa kwegazi kanye ne-X-ray yesifuba ukuze bahlole ezinye izimo.

Kuphathwa kanjani lokhu?

Udokotela uzokunika umoya-mpilo, imithi yokunciphisa ukuvuvukala emaphashini akho, futhi avule imigudu yakho yokuphefumula. Kwezinye izimo ezinzima, kungadingeka uxhunywe kumshini wokuphefumula kuze kube yilapho usukwazi ukuphefumula wedwa.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha eziqondile ze-Status Asthmaticus?

Kuye ngobukhulu besimo sakho, odokotela bangase basebenzise izindlela zokwelapha ezifana nalezi:

• I-oxygen eyengeziwe: I-oxygen inikezwa nge-cannula yamakhala noma nge-mask yobuso.
• Ama-bronchodilator aphefumulayo:Lezi zinikezwa nge-inhaler noma i-nebulizer. Zisebenza ngokwandisa imigudu yomoya. Izibonelo:
• Ama-agonist e-Beta-2: I-Salbutamol (ebizwa nangokuthi i-Albuterol) noma i-Levalbuterol.
• Ama-anticholinergics: I-Ipratropium bromide.
• Ama-corticosteroids afakwa emthanjeni (IV): Lawa anciphisa ngokushesha ukuvuvukala emigudwini yomoya. Izibonelo: i-hydrocortisone noma i-methylprednisolone.
• Ama-bronchodilator e-IV: Ngezinye izikhathi kunikezwa imithi efana ne-magnesium sulfate.
• I-Adrenaline (i-Epinephrine): Kwezinye izimo eziphuthumayo, inikezwa njengomjovo.
• Uketshezi olufakwa emthanjeni (uketshezi lwe-IV): Lusetshenziselwa ukuvimbela ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni kanye nokunikeza imithi.
• Igesi ye-helium ephefumulayo (i-Heliox): Kwezinye izimo ezikhethekile, ixutshwa nomoya-mpilo ukuze kube lula ukuphefumula.
• Ukufakwa kwepayipi kanye nokufakwa komoya ngomshini: Uma isimo sibi kakhulu, kuba khona ukungazi, kufakwa ipayipi epayipini lomoya, bese isiguli sixhunywe kumshini wokuphefumula.
• Ukudambisa: Uma isiguli sikhathazekile, ngezinye izikhathi kunikezwa ukudambisa ukuze sisize sijwayele umshini wokuphefumula.

Yini ongayilindela uma uba nesimo se-asthmaticus?

Uma uthola i-Status Asthmaticus, kuzodingeka uhlale esibhedlela kuze kube yilapho isimo sakho sesilawulekile. Kwezinye izimo ezinzima, ungase udluliselwe e-Intensive Care Unit (ICU).

Uma usubuyela ekhaya, udokotela wakho uzokubhalela iphilisi le-corticosteroid (njenge-prednisolone) ukuze ulithathe cishe izinsuku eziyi-12 kuya kweziyi-14. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthatha lo muthi njengoba nje udokotela wakho ekutshelile, isikhathi sonke.

Ingabe i-Status Asthmaticus ingavinjelwa?

Yebo, kungenzeka kakhulu! Nazi ezinye izinto ongazenza ukuze unciphise ingozi yakho yalezi zihlaselo ezimbi zezingubo:

• Yazi kahle ukuthi ungawasebenzisa kanjani amadivayisi owasebenzisayo ukulawula i-asthma yakho. Lokhu kufaka phakathi izinto ezifana ne-inhaler kanye ne-nebulizer. Cela udokotela wakho noma usokhemisi ukuthi akubonise indlela engcono kakhulu yokuwasebenzisa, isinyathelo ngesinyathelo. Prakthiza.
• Qonda ukuthi ungazilapha nini futhi kanjani izimpawu zakho ze-asthma ngaphambi kokuba zibe zimbi kakhulu ukuthi ungalawula. Ungakwenza lokhu nge- "Peak Flow Meter".Ungalinganisa amandla akho okuphefumula ngedivayisi ebizwa ngokuthi i-spirometer. Noma, sebenzisana nodokotela wakho ukuze wakhe "uHlelo Lokusebenza Lwe-Asthma ." Lokhu kuzokutshela ukuthi wenzeni uma i-asthma yakho isezingeni elihle, uma isiyimbi kancane, futhi uma isiyimbi kakhulu.
• Yazi kahle ukuthi yini ebangela i-asthma yakho futhi ugweme ukuyithinta ngangokunokwenzeka.
• Bona udokotela wakho njalo ukuqinisekisa ukuthi i-asthma yakho iyalawuleka. Lokhu kuzokusiza ukuthi unqume ukuthi umthamo wemithi yakho udinga ukulungiswa noma ukuthi udinga ukuqala umuthi omusha.
• Uma udinga usizo lwezokwelapha, luthole ngokushesha okukhulu. Ungalindi kuze kube yilapho izimpawu ziba zimbi kakhulu.

Kufanele uye nini e-Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) ?

Uma unenkinga enkulu yokuphefumula, noma uma uhlaselwa yi-asthma futhi ungakwazi ukuyilawula nge-inhaler yakho evamile, shayela u-1990 ngokushesha, noma uye eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) wesibhedlela esiseduze. Ungachithi isikhathi.

Yimiphi imibuzo okufanele uyibuze udokotela wakho?

Uma uhlangana nodokotela, kungaba usizo ukubuza imibuzo efana nale:

• 'Dokotela, kungani ngithole lesi simo?'
• 'Ngingawuthatha kanjani umuthi wami ngendlela efanele?' (Funda ukuthi ungawusebenzisa kanjani futhi umshini wokufutha)
• 'Yiziphi ezinye izindlela zokwelapha enginazo?'
• 'Ngingakuvimbela kanjani ukuthi lolu hlobo lwesimo lungenzeki futhi?'

Okokugcina, into ebaluleke kakhulu (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Ukungakwazi ukuphefumula kuyinto eyesabekayo. Ungesabi ngezikhathi ezinjengalezi, hlala uzolile, futhi ucele usizo. Uma une-asthma, sebenzisana nodokotela wakho ukuze uqonde isimo sakho futhi wakhe uhlelo lokusilawula. Yazi ukuthi ungazilapha nini futhi kanjani izimpawu zakho ngaphambi kokuba zibe zimbi kakhulu. Ukuba nohlelo olusebenzayo kuzokusiza ukuthi uthole usizo esimweni esiphuthumayo ngaphandle kokwesaba. Ukuphila kwakho kuyigugu kuwe, kanye nomndeni wakho. Ngakho-ke uma une-asthma, kubalulekile ukuyilawula.

I - asthma, isimo se-asthmaticus, i-asthma enzima, ubunzima bokuphefumula, isifo sokuphefumula, amaphaphu