Ingabe kukhona 'imikhumbi' emzimbeni wakho evinjiwe? Ake sifunde nge-(Stenosis) kanye ne-(Stricture) ngendlela elula!

Ingabe ngezinye izikhathi uzizwa uphelelwa umoya uma ukhuphuka izitebhisi? Noma uzizwa ubuhlungu obungavamile phansi komlenze wakho ngemva kokuma isikhashana? Noma uzizwa sengathi uyaminza uma ugwinya ukudla? Ngezinye izikhathi lezi zinto zingabangelwa ukuncishiswa kwezindlela ezibalulekile, iziteshi noma 'amapayipi' emzimbeni. Namuhla, sizoxoxa ngalezi 'zinciphiso', okuyilokho odokotela abakubiza ngokuthi lesi simo (Stenosis) kanye (Stricture) . Ungakhathazeki, ake sikuqonde kalula lokhu.

Ziyini (i-Stenosis) kanye (i-Stricture)?

Kalula nje, womabili amagama (i-Stenosis) kanye ne- (Stricture) abhekisela ekuncipheni noma ekuvinjweni komsele, indlela, noma ngisho nomgodi omncane emzimbeni wakho. Cabanga uma ucezu lodaka lubhajwe epayipini lamanzi, kungaba nzima ukuthi amanzi ageleze, akunjalo? Lokhu kuyinto efana naleyo. Ngenxa yalokhu, izinto ezidinga ukudlula kuleyo ndlela (isibonelo, igazi, ukudla, umoya, umchamo, njll.) azikwazi ukugeleza kahle.

Ngokuvamile, la magama amabili asetshenziswa ngokushintshana. Okusho ukuthi, lezi yizinqubo okungafanele zenzeke futhi ezingakulimaza. Lezi zimo zidinga ukwelashwa , ikakhulukazi uma unezimpawu. Ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuthi uqaphele lokhu lapho wenza izinqumo ngempilo yakho.

(I-Stenosis) kanye (I-Stricture) - Ingabe ukhona umehluko?

Eqinisweni, nakuba incazelo eyisisekelo yala magama womabili iwukuncipha, odokotela ngezinye izikhathi basebenzisa la magama ngendlela ehlukile ezingxenyeni ezahlukene zomzimba.

Igama elithi stenosis livame ukusetshenziswa:

• Ukuncishiswa kwemithambo yegazi (imithambo yegazi). Isibonelo, imithambo yegazi entanyeni yakho (imithambo yegazi ethwala igazi ebuchosheni bakho) noma imithambo yegazi yezinso ethwala igazi ezinso zakho.
• Ukuncishiswa kwamavalvu enhliziyo . Isibonelo, ivalvu ye-aorta noma ivalvu ye-mitral.
• Ukuncishiswa kwezinye izingxenye zesistimu yokuphefumula , isibonelo i-windpipe (trachea) noma i-voice box (i-larynx).

Ngezinye izikhathi le stenosis ingaba ncane kakhulu, ingabi nazimpawu. Kodwa ngisho nencane ingakhula ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ibangele izimpawu, noma iholele ezimweni eziyingozi. Isibonelo, uma umthambo wegazi othwala igazi ebuchosheni bakho uba mncane kakhulu, ungaba ne-"Stroke".

Igama elithi stricture livame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu ukubhekisela ekuncipheni okufana nalokhu:

• Izingxenye zesimiso sokugaya ukudla . Isibonelo, umphimbo wakho, amathumbu, noma imigudu yenyongo.
• Izingxenye zesistimu yomchamo . Isibonelo, i-urethra noma intamo yesinye.
• Izingxenye zesimiso sokuzala . Isibonelo, isitho sangasese sowesifazane (`(Isitho sangasese sowesifazane)`) noma umlomo wesibeletho (`(Isitho sangasese sowesifazane)`).

Lokhu kuncishiswa kungenzeka kuphi? (Izinhlobo ze-Stenoses kanye ne-Strictures)

Lezi zinhlobo zokuncipha zingavela ezindaweni eziningi emzimbeni wakho. Ake sibheke ezimbalwa zezindawo eziyinhloko ezithinteka yilokhu.

Ama-valve enhliziyo kanye nemithambo yegazi (uhlelo lokujikeleza kwegazi)

Ama-valve asenhliziyweni yakho afana "neminyango." Le minyango iyavuleka futhi ivalwe ukuze igazi ligeleze emakamelweni enhliziyo yakho. Imithambo yegazi ifana "namapayipi" athwala igazi elinomoya-mpilo emzimbeni wakho wonke. Uma lokhu kuba kuncane, kungavela izinkinga ezinkulu.

Nazi ezinye izibonelo:

• I-Aortic valve stenosis: Lokhu kuwukuncipha kwevalvu eyinhloko ethwala igazi lisuka enhliziyweni liye emzimbeni. Lokhu kungalimaza inhliziyo.
• I-Carotid artery stenosis: Lokhu kubangelwa ukuncishiswa komthambo oyinhloko entanyeni yakho othwala igazi liye ebuchosheni bakho. Iningi labantu liba nezimpawu ngemuva kokuhlaselwa yi-ischemic okwesikhashana (TIA) noma isifo sohlangothi esikhulu. Cabanga ngomngane wakho ngokuzumayo elahlekelwa ukukhuluma futhi ehluleka ukulawula izitho zakhe zomzimba. Lokhu kungaba njalo.
• (Isifo semithambo yegazi): Nakuba igama lalesi sifo lingasho (i-Stenosis), yilokho okwenzekayo empeleni. Imithambo yegazi enikeza igazi enhliziyweni (`(imithambo yegazi yegazi)`) incishiswa izinto ezinamafutha (`(i-Plaque)`). Uma iba mincane kakhulu, kungenzeka ukuthi kube khona `(ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo)`.
• I-Mitral valve stenosis: Ukuncipha kwevalvu ethwala igazi lisuka ekamelweni eliphezulu kwesobunxele senhliziyo liye ekamelweni eliphansi kwesobunxele.
• I-pulmonary artery stenosis: Lesi yisimo esenzeka ezinganeni ezincane nasezinganeni. Imithambo eyodwa noma ngaphezulu ethwala igazi lisuka enhliziyweni liya emaphashini iyancishiswa.
• I-Renal artery stenosis: Ukuncipha kwemithambo yegazi ehambisa igazi ezinso. Nakuba kungase kungabi nazimpawu ekuqaleni, njengoba isimo siqhubeka, ukusebenza kwezinso kungase kwehle.
• I-Subclavian artery stenosis: Ukuncipha komthambo ohlinzeka ngegazi engalweni yakho. Njengoba kuvame ukuthinta ingalo yesobunxele, izimpawu (ezifana nokuqaqamba, ukungazweli) ziyavela engalweni yesobunxele.

Umgogodla

Umgogodla wakho uyingxenye yomzimba wakho ekunika amandla futhi ikusize ukunyakaza. Wakhiwe ngamathambo amancane angu-33 (ama-vertebrae) abekwe phezu komunye nomunye. Uma la mathambo ebekwe eceleni, kuba nomsele omncane odlula kuwo. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi uMsele Womgogodla. Umsele wakho womgogodla udlula kulo msele.

Njengoba nje isikebhe sihamba ngomsele, umgogodla nawo uhamba ngale `(umgogodla womgogodla).` Njengoba nje umsele udinga ukuba banzi ukuze isikebhe sidlule, umgogodla nawo udinga ukuba nendawo ngaphakathi kwalo msele.

Uma lokhu `(Umgogodla womgogodla)` kuncipha noma kuphi, kungacindezela imizwa emgogodleni, okubangela izimpawu ezifana nobuhlungu kanye nokungazweli. Yilokhu odokotela abakubiza ngokuthi `(Umgogodla we-Spinal stenosis) .` Nakuba kungenzeka noma kuphi emgogodleni, kuvame ukuthinta umhlane wakho ongezansi (`(Umgogodla we-Lumbar)`) kanye nentamo (`(Umgogodla womlomo wesibeletho)`).

I-Foraminal stenosis ingenye uhlobo lwe-spinal stenosis. Yilapho izimbobo lapho imizwa iphuma khona emgogodleni ziba zincane.

Uhlelo lokuphefumula

Izindlela zakho zokuphefumula ziyizindlela umzimba wakho ozisebenzisayo ukuze uphefumulele ngaphakathi nangaphandle. Ukuzigcina zivulekile kubalulekile ukuze uphefumule.

I-tracheal stenosis iwukuncipha komphimbo wakho oyinhloko (i-trachea). Lokhu kubangelwa ukwakheka kwezicubu zesilonda emmphinjeni. Ngokuvamile kungaba umphumela we-intubation.

I-subglottic stenosis iwukuncishiswa kwengxenye engezansi ye-larynx. Ayivamile njenge-tracheal stenosis. Ngezinye izikhathi ingabangelwa ukufakwa kwepayipi noma ukutheleleka, kodwa ezimweni eziningi akukho sizathu esingatholakala.

Uhlelo lokugaya ukudla

Uhlelo lokugaya ukudla yilapho ugaya khona ukudla okudlayo futhi umunce izakhamzimba kukho. Futhi yilapho ukhiqiza futhi ukhipha khona indle.

Ukuncishiswa kungenzeka ezindaweni ezahlukene kulesi simiso:

• Ukuqina komlomo wesibeletho: Ukuncishiswa komphimbo. Ngokuvamile, i-acid reflux eqhubekayo iyimbangela eyinhloko yalokhu.
• Ukuqina kwamathumbu: Ukuncipha kwengxenye yamathumbu amancane (`(Amathumbu amancane)`) noma amathumbu amakhulu (`(Ikholoni)`). Lokhu kubizwa nangokuthi `(Ukuqina kwamathumbu amancane)` noma `(Ukuqina kwamathumbu amakhulu)`. Le ngozi iphezulu kubantu abanezifo ezifana `(isifo sikaCrohn)` ngenxa yokuvuvukala okuqhubekayo kwamathumbu. Lokhu kungaholela `(Ukuvinjelwa kwamathumbu)`.
• I-anal stenosis: Ukuncishiswa komsele wendunu. Lokhu kungenzeka kaningi ngenxa yezicubu zesilonda ngemva kokuhlinzwa kwendunu (njengokuhlinzwa kwe-anoplasty).
• Ukuqina kwenyongo: Ukuncipha noma ukuvaleka kwemisele yenyongo ethwala inyongo (uketshezi olusiza ekugayeni ukudla) isuka esibindini iye emathunjini amancane. Umdlavuza we-pancreatic kanye nomdlavuza wemisele yenyongo yizona zimbangela eziyinhloko zalokhu.

Izinhlelo zomchamo nezokuzala

Ngezinye izikhathi izingxenye zomgudu wakho womchamo noma uhlelo lokuzala zingaba zincane. Lokhu kungaba umphumela ongemuhle wezindlela ezithile zokwelapha, ukuhlinzwa, noma ngenxa yokulimala noma ukutheleleka. Lezi zimo zingahluka ngobulili.

Ezinye izibonelo:

• Ukufinyela kwentamo yesinye: Ukuncipha kwentamo lapho umchamo uphuma khona esinyeni (`(Isinyeni)`) ungene e-urethra (`(Urethra)`). Lokhu kungenzeka emadodeni ngemva kokuhlinzwa kwe-prostate (`(Ukuhlinzwa kwe-prostate)`).
• Ukuqina komchamo: Ukuncishiswa komchamo. Lokhu kuthinta kakhulu nabesilisa. I-postterior urethral stenosis ukuncishiswa kwengxenye engenhla yomchamo.
• I-stenosis yesitho sangasese sowesifazane: Ukuncishiswa komsele wesitho sangasese sowesifazane. Lokhu kungenzeka kwabesifazane njengomphumela ongemuhle wokwelashwa ngemisebe endaweni yesitho sangasese sowesifazane.

Yiziphi izimpawu zalokhu kuncipha?

Ngakho-ke, yiziphi izimpawu zokuncipha kulezi zindawo? Empeleni,Kuncike ngokuphelele ekutheni ukuncipha komzimba kukuphi. Ngezinye izikhathi kungase kungabi nazimpawu nhlobo. Kodwa kunezimpawu ezithile ezivamile ezingabonakala. Isibonelo:

• Uma ivalvu yenhliziyo incipha: ubunzima bokuphefumula, ubuhlungu besifuba, ukuquleka.
• Uma umsele womgogodla uncipha: ubuhlungu emhlane nasemilenzeni, ukungazweli, ubunzima bokuhamba.
• Uma indlela yokungena komoya iba mfushane: Ukuphefumula kanzima, ukushoda komoya.
• Uma umphimbo uncipha: ubunzima bokugwinya ukudla, ukudla kubhajwa.
• Uma i-urethra incipha: ubunzima bokuchama, ukugeleza komchamo obuthakathaka.

Kungani lokhu kuncipha kwenzeka? Yiziphi izizathu?

Kungaba nezizathu eziningana ezenza kube nezimo ezinjalo.

• Ukuqongelela kwama-plaque emithanjeni yegazi (ukuvaleka kwemithambo yegazi ngenxa yokuqongelela kwamafutha ne-cholesterol).
• Njengomphumela ongemuhle wezinye izindlela zokwelapha kanye nokuhlinzwa .
• Ukutheleleka.
• Ukulimala (`Ukulimala` noma `ukuhlukumezeka`).
• Ezinye izifo, ikakhulukazi lezo ezibangela ukuvuvukala okungapheli (isib. isifo sikaCrohn).
• Ngezinguquko emzimbeni njengoba sikhula .
• Ngezinye izikhathi ungase ungakwazi ukuthola isizathu.

Udokotela uhlonza kanjani lokhu?

Uma unezimpawu, udokotela uzobheka lokhu kuncipha. Lokhu kuvame ukwenziwa ngezindlela ezilandelayo:

• Bazokuhlola futhi bakubuze ngokucophelela ngezimpawu zakho .
• Kuhlolwa igazi kanye/noma umchamo .
• Ukuhlolwa okukhethekile kwezithombe kwenziwa ukuze kuhlolwe ngaphakathi emzimbeni . Lokhu kungafaka phakathi ukuskena kwe-ultrasound, i-MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging), noma i-CT scan (Computed Tomography scan).
• Ngezinye izikhathi, kwenziwa i-endoscopy, lapho kufakwa khona ithubhu elincane elifakwe ikhamera (i-scope) emzimbeni . Lokhu kuvumela umbono oqondile wengaphakathi lomzimba.

Uma ungenazo izimpawu, zingatholakala njengokutholakele okungahleliwe ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa okwenziwe ngesinye isizathu.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha lokhu? (Ukwelashwa)

Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi kunezindlela zokwelapha lokhu kuncipha. Izindlela zokwelapha zingahluka kuye ngesimo sakho. Udokotela wakho uzokhuluma nawe ngokwelashwa okungcono kakhulu kuwe. Ngokuvamile, ukwelashwa kuhlanganisa:

• Imithi yomlomo.
• Imijovo (njenge-``(imijovo ye-steroid)``).
• Ukwelashwa ngokomzimba.
• Izinqubo ezikhethekile kanye nokuhlinzwa.

Ukuhlinzwa kanye nezinqubo ezikhethekile ngokuvamile zenza izinto ezinjengalezi:

• Ukusebenzisa into efana nebhaluni ukwandisa isikhala esincane.(Isibonelo, i-Angioplasty, eyenziwa lapho imithambo yegazi ivalekile).
• Kufakwa idivayisi encane efana ne-mesh ebizwa ngokuthi i-stent ukuze kuvinjwe ukuvinjelwa. Lokhu kufana nokufaka enye ipayipi encane ngaphakathi kwepayipi elivinjiwe.
• Ukususa i-`(Plaque)` evinjiwe (izinto ezifana namafutha) (`(Endarterectomy)`).
• Ukususa izicubu zesilonda.
• Ukwakha kabusha noma ukufaka esikhundleni izingxenye ezonakele.

Esikhathini esiningi, lokhu kuhlinzwa kwenziwa kusetshenziswa "izindlela ezingavamile kakhulu". Okusho ukuthi, kwenziwa ngokusika okuncane, ngaphandle kokusikwa okukhulu. Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lizokutshela okwengeziwe ngalokhu.

Yini ongayilindela ngemva kokwelashwa?

Kubalulekile ukukhumbula lezi zinto:

• Ukwelashwa kungathatha isikhathi. Kungase kudingeke ukuthi ubonane nodokotela wakho izikhathi eziningana. Isibonelo, ukunwetshwa kokuqina komphimbo kungenziwa izikhathi eziningana ngesonto.
• Lesi simo singaphinde sibuye ngemva kokwelashwa. Isibonelo, umthambo wegazi owake wanwetshwa ungaphinde unciphe (`(Restenosis)`). Uma lokhu kwenzeka, ukwelashwa kuzodingeka kuphindwe.
• Ukulandelela kubaluleke kakhulu. Udokotela uzoqapha isimo sakho, aqaphe ukululama kwakho ngemva kokwelashwa, futhi ahlole noma yiziphi izinkinga ezintsha.
• Kungase kudingeke wenze izinguquko ezithile endleleni yakho yansuku zonke. Udokotela wakho angakunikeza iseluleko mayelana nokudla kwakho nemisebenzi yakho. Ngezinye izikhathi angakutshela ukuthi uphumule kancane, ngezinye izikhathi angakutshela ukuthi uthuthe kancane.

Kufanele uye nini kudokotela?

Qiniseka ukuthi uyaya ku-aphoyintimenti udokotela wakho akunikeza yona. Buza ukuthi kukhona yini ongaqiniseki ngayo. Uma kwenzeka noma yikuphi kwalokhu okulandelayo, shayela udokotela wakho ngokushesha:

• Uma kuvela izimpawu ezintsha, noma ezikhona ziyanda.
• Uma ukwelashwa kubonakala kungalethi impumuzo elindelekile.
• Uma kunezinkinga ngemva kokuhlinzwa, njengomkhuhlane, izinguquko endaweni yokusikwa (ukushintsha kombala, ukuphuma kobomvu, ukuvuvukala).

Ngisho noma udokotela ekubiza ngokuthi i-stenosis, ungase uzizwe sengathi uyacinana uma uphakamisa izingubo ezimbalwa futhi ukhuphuka izitebhisi. Noma ungase uzizwe ubuhlungu obuhamba phansi emlenzeni wakho ngemva kokuma isikhashana. Lokhu kuncipha kwemithambo yegazi emzimbeni wakho kungenzeka kancane kancane, kuze kube yilapho ngolunye usuku ubona ukuthi lezi zimpawu zingaphezu nje kokucasula okuncane.

Uma unezimpawu ezingavamile, noma uma uzizwa sengathi kukhona okungahambi kahle, kubaluleke kakhulu ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha.

Udokotela wakho uzokhuluma nawe, enze izivivinyo uma kudingeka, futhi akusize uthole ukwelashwa okudingayo. Kulapho-ke kuphela lapho uzokwazi ukululama ngokushesha.

Izinto ezibaluleke kakhulu okufanele uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Ngakho-ke, into yokugcina engingayisho ukuthi, ungesabi uma uzwa amagama athi "stenosis" noma "stricture." Konke lokhu kubhekisela ekuncipheni kwendlela emzimbeni wakho.

• Lezi zimo zivame ukwelashwa futhi zelapheke.
• Uma unezimpawu, ungazinaki. Ngisho noma zibonakala zincane, zingaba ukuqala kwenkinga enkulu.
• Landela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho ngokucophelela. Uma wenza lokho udokotela akutshele ukuthi ukwenze, uzolulama ngokushesha futhi ukwazi ukuphila impilo evamile.
• Nakekela umzimba wakho. Naka noma yiziphi izinguquko oziqaphelayo.

Uma uneminye imibuzo mayelana nalokhu, ungangabazi ukubuza udokotela wakho. Ungumuntu ongcono kakhulu ongakusiza.

I- stenosis, ukuqina, ukuncipha, ukuvaleka, imithambo yegazi, ama-valve enhliziyo, umgogodla, izindlela zokuphefumula, umsele wokudla, (i-Stenosis), (i-Stricture), (i-Aortic stenosis), (i-Carotid artery stenosis), (i-Spinal stenosis), (i-Angioplasty), (i-Stent)