Wake waphawula ukuthi amehlo engane yakho ngezinye izikhathi ajika ngezindlela ezahlukene? Noma ukuthi uma elinye iso libheka liqondile, elinye iso libonakala lihamba ngendlela ehlukile? Mhlawumbe nawe uke wabhekana nalokhu. Lokhu yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi i-strabismus ngokwezokwelapha, noma amehlo axubile. Ungakhathazeki, sizoxoxa ngalokhu ngokuningiliziwe namuhla.

Iyini iStrabismus? Kalula nje...

Kalula nje, i-strabismus yisimo lapho amehlo akho engabhekiseli ohlangothini olufanayo. Okusho ukuthi, iso elilodwa libheke kolunye uhlangothi. Cabanga ngakho njengezelamani ezimbili ezisebenza ndawonye. Bobabili kudingeka babheke endaweni efanayo.

Ngokuvamile, kunemisipha eyisithupha ezungeze amehlo ethu. Le misipha isiza ekuhambiseni amehlo ukusuka kolunye uhlangothi kuya kolunye, phezulu naphansi. Uma yonke le misipha isebenza ndawonye futhi ihambisana kahle, womabili amehlo akhomba ohlangothini olufanayo. Kodwa-ke, kumuntu one-strabismus, kunenkinga ngokusebenza kwale misipha. Ngenxa yalokho, indawo evamile yamehlo (ukuqondanisa kwamehlo) ayikwazi ukugcinwa.

Nakuba lesi simo sivame kakhulu ezinganeni ezincane , abantu abadala nabo bangaba ne-strabismus. Imbangela eyinhloko yalokhu kubantu abadala isifo sohlangothi. Singabangelwa futhi ukulimala ngokomzimba. Ngezinye izikhathi, i-strabismus eyayikhona ebuntwaneni, engelashwanga kahle, noma ephinde yavela ngemva kokwelashwa, ingaba khona nasebudaleni.

Yiziphi izinhlobo eziyinhloko ze-strabismus?

Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene ze-strabismus. Ake sibheke ezimbalwa zazo.

Izinhlobo ezivame ukubonakala

• I-Accommodative esotropia: Lokhu kuvame ukwenzeka kubantu abangaboni kahle abangelashwanga kanye nalabo abanomlando womndeni wamehlo aphendukela ngaphakathi. Uma sibheka okuthile, amehlo ethu asuke ebheke lapho sigxile khona. Ngakho-ke, uma kufanele sisebenze kanzima ukuze sibone okuthile okukude, amehlo ethu angaphendukela ngaphakathi.
• I-exotropia eyenzeka ngezikhathi ezithile: Kulolu hlobo, lapho iso elilodwa ligxile esihlokweni, elinye iso liphendukela ngaphandle. Ngokuvamile, iso lingashintsha phakathi kokubheka phambili nokuphendukela ngaphandle.
• I-esotropia yezinsana: Kulokhu, womabili amehlo aphendukela ngaphakathi kakhulu ezinganeni ezincane, okungukuthi, ngaphambi kokuba zibe nezinyanga eziyisithupha ubudala. Lezi zingane zivame ukungabi nokubona okubonakalayo okukude, futhi izibuko azilungisi lesi simo. Nakuba ukuphambuka kwangaphakathi kwenzeka ngezikhathi ezithile ekuqaleni, kuba yinto ehlala njalo ngemva kwesikhashana. Lokhu kuphambuka kwenzeka kokubili uma ubheka ibanga kanye naseduze. Ukwelashwa kwalokhu ukuhlinzwa emisipheni yelinye noma womabili amehlo ukuze kulungiswe ukuphambuka.

Zihlukaniswa futhi ngokwendlela amehlo ajikiswa ngayo.

Odokotela bahlukanisa i-strabismus ngokusekelwe endleleni iso elijika ngayo, ukuthi kwenzeka kangaki, nokuthi ngabe ithinta iso elilodwa noma womabili amehlo ngokushintshana.

• Uma iso lakho liphendukela ngaphakathi , libizwa ngokuthi i-esotropia .
• Uma iso lakho liphendukela ngaphandle , libizwa ngokuthi i-exotropia . (Kokubili i-esotropia ne-exotropia kuyizinhlobo ze-strabismus evundlile.)
• Uma iso lakho libheka phezulu , libizwa ngokuthi i-hypertropia .
• Uma iso lakho libheka phansi , libizwa ngokuthi i-hypotropia . (Kokubili i-hypertropia ne-hypotropia kuyizinhlobo ze-strabismus eqondile.)

Futhi, lesi simo:

• I-Strabismus ingaba engaguquki noma eyenzeka ngezikhathi ezithile. I-Strabismus eyenzeka ngezikhathi ezithile ibizwa ngokuthi i-transient strabismus.
• Kungaba njalo ohlangothini olulodwa .
• Ngezinye izikhathi kungaba yiso elilodwa kanti ngezinye izikhathi kube yiso elinye (elishintshanayo) .

Ngezinye izikhathi i-strabismus ingahlotshaniswa nokukhubazeka kwezinzwa. Isibonelo, izimo ezifana ne-oculomotor palsy, i-superior oblique palsy, noma i-abducens palsy. (Lokhu kubangelwa izinkinga ngezinzwa zethu ze-cranial zesithathu, zesine, nezesithupha.)

Sivame kangakanani lesi simo?

Ngokwezibalo, cishe u-4% wabantu base-United States, noma abantu ababalelwa ezigidini ezingu-13, banalesi simo sokuqhaqhazela kwamehlo. Lesi simo singabonakala naseSri Lanka.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-strabismus?

Uma wena noma ingane yakho nine-strabismus, ningabona izimpawu ezifana nalezi:

• Ukubona okukabili .
• Uma ubheka into eseduze , iso elilodwa livalekile noma limbozwe ngesandla .
• Ujika noma aphendule ikhanda alibhekise ohlangothini olulodwa .
• Ubuhlungu bekhanda .
• Kunzima ukufunda .
• Amehlo azizwa ekhathele (Ukucindezeleka kwamehlo) .
• Uma ubheka into ekude, noma ekukhanyeni okukhulu, iso elilodwa liyavaleka .

Izimpawu zivame ukuvela nini?

I-Strabismus ivame ukubonakala ezinsaneni ezisanda kuzalwa kanye nasezinganeni ezincane . Ivame ukuvela lapho ingane ineminyaka emi-3 ubudala.

Nokho, kuvamile ukuthi amehlo engane yakho esanda kuzalwa abukeke egobile ngezinye izikhathi futhi ahambe lapha nalaphaya . Lokhu kuzophela ngemva kwesikhashana. Cishe ezinyangeni ezingu-3-4 ubudala., Amehlo engane kufanele akwazi "ukugxila" ngisho nasezintweni ezincane. Futhi, amehlo kufanele aqonde futhi aqonde kahle. Ingane enezinyanga eziyisithupha ubudala kufanele ikwazi ukubona izinto eziseduze kanye nezinto ezikude ngokucacile.

Okubalulekile: Uma ingane noma umuntu omdala ezwa ukudlidliza kwamehlo ngokuzumayo , ikakhulukazi ngokubona okukabili, kungaba uphawu lwesimo sezinzwa esibi kakhulu . Uma lokhu kwenzeka, kufanele ubonane nodokotela ngokushesha .

Kungenzeka ngempela ukubukeka njengombhede ongenawo umbhede? - Lokho kuyi-pseudostrabismus

Ngezinye izikhathi, amehlo engane yakho angase abukeke sengathi aphambene kanti awaphambene. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-pseudostrabismus, noma i-false strabismus. Lokhu kungenzeka uma ingane yakho inesikhumba esengeziwe emakhoneni angaphakathi amehlo ayo noma uma ibhuloho lekhala layo liyisicaba. Lokhu kubonakala kuzonyamalala njengoba ubuso bengane yakho bukhula futhi bukhula.

Ziyini izimbangela ze-strabismus?

Ngokuvamile, i-strabismus ibangelwa inkinga yokulawulwa kwemisipha ye-neuromuscular yokunyakaza kwamehlo. Lokhu kuhilela ubuchopho. Akuvamile, ibangelwa inkinga ngemisipha yeso uqobo. Esinye isizathu umlando womndeni . Cishe ama-30% ezingane ezine-strabismus zinelungu lomndeni elinenkinga efanayo.

Izici zengozi ye-strabismus

Kunezinye izici eziningana ezingabangela ukucindezeleka kwamehlo:

• Amaphutha okubheka emuva angalungiswanga.
• Ukubona okubuthakathaka kwelinye iso.
• Isimo sokukhubazeka kobuchopho.
• I-Down syndrome (cishe ama-20% - ama-60% abantu abane-Down syndrome bane-strabismus).
• I-Hydrocephalus (isimo sokuzalwa lapho uketshezi luqongelela khona ebuchosheni).
• Izimila zobuchopho.
• Isifo sohlangothi (imbangela ehamba phambili ye-strabismus kubantu abadala).
• Ukulimala ekhanda - Lokhu kungalimaza indawo yobuchopho elawula ukunyakaza kwamehlo, imizwa elawula ukunyakaza kwamehlo, kanye nemisipha yamehlo.
• Izinkinga ze-neurological.
• Isifo sama-Graves (ukukhiqizwa ngokweqile kwe-hormone ye-thyroid).

Yiziphi izinkinga ezingaba khona ngenxa ye-strabismus?

Abanye abantu bacabanga ukuthi ukuba ne-skin ezinganeni ezincane kuzoba ngcono njengoba zikhula. Eqinisweni, uma kungelashwa, lesi simo singaba sibi kakhulu.

Uma amehlo akho engalingani kahle, izinkinga ezinjengalezi zingavela:

• Iso elivilaphayo / i-amblyopiaNoma umbono osesweni elithintekile ungase uphazamiseke unomphela. Uma amehlo ebheka ngezindlela ezahlukene, ubuchopho buthola izithombe ezimbili. Ukuze kuvinjelwe ukubona okubili, ubuchopho bungase bungasinaki isithombe esivela esweni elithintekile. Lokhu kubangela ukuthi umbono osesweni ungathuthuki kahle.
• Umbono ofiphele , ongathinta umsebenzi wesikole, umsebenzi, izinto zokuzilibazisa kanye nemisebenzi yokuzilibazisa.
• Ukucindezeleka kwamehlo.
• Ukukhathala.
• Ubuhlungu bekhanda.
• Ukubona okukabili.
• Umbono ongemuhle wezinhlangothi ezintathu / we-3D . Lokhu kusho ukuthi ikhono lokubona ukujula liyancipha.
• Ukuzethemba okuphansi (kungase kube namahloni ngendlela amehlo akho abukeka ngayo).

Futhi, uma udokotela engayiqapheli futhi engayinaki i-strabismus, inkinga enkulu efana nesimila sobuchopho ingase iphuthelwe .

I-strabismus itholakala kanjani?

Noma yimuphi umntwana oneminyaka engaphezu kwezinyanga ezine ubudala obonakala ene-strabismus kufanele ahlolwe amehlo ngokuphelele ngudokotela wamehlo wezingane. Lokhu kuhlolwa kuzobheka ngqo ukuthi amehlo agxila futhi anyakaza kanjani. Lokhu kuhlolwa kungafaka:

• Umlando wezokwelapha ( thola ngezimpawu, umlando womndeni, izinkinga zempilo ezijwayelekile, imithi esetshenzisiwe, nezinye izici ezingase zithinte izimpawu).
• Ukuqonda okubonakalayo ( ukufunda izinhlamvu eshadini lamehlo noma ukuhlola ukuziphatha okubonakalayo kwezingane ezincane).
• Ukuhlolwa kokugqagqana (kulinganisa ukuthi amehlo agxilisa kahle kangakanani ukukhanya ngokufaka isethi efanele yamalensi). Izingane akudingeki zibe sezikhulile ngokwanele ukukhuluma lapho zihlolwa izibuko.
• Ukuhlolwa kokuqondanisa nokugxila .
• Ukuhlola impilo yezakhiwo zangaphakathi zeso ngokuvula amaconsi amehlo.

Kunezinye izici eziningana ezingasiza ekunqumeni imbangela kanye nokwelashwa kwe-strabismus:

• Ingabe inkinga ivele ngokuzumayo, noma kancane kancane?
• Ingabe kwakuphakathi nezinyanga zokuqala eziyisithupha zokuphila, noma kwenzeka kamuva?
• Ingabe iso lihlala lithintekile, noma liyashintsha amehlo?
• Ingabe inani lokudonsa lincane, liphakathi, noma likhulu?
• Ingabe kuhlale kukhona, noma ngezinye izikhathi kuphela?
• Ingabe ukhona emndenini wakho oke waba ne-strabismus?

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha i-strabismus?

Kunezindlela ezahlukene zokwelapha i-strabismus. Udokotela wakho wamehlo uzokhuluma nawe ngokuthi yiziphi izindlela ezilungele isimo sakho. Izindlela zokwelapha zifaka:

• Izibuko zamehlo noma amalensi okuxhumana:Uma unezinkinga zokubona ngamehlo ezingalashwanga, ukugqoka amalensi okulungisa amehlo kungasiza ekugcineni amehlo akho eqondile, njengoba kunciphisa umzamo amehlo akho okufanele awusebenzise ekugxiliseni amehlo.
• Amalensi e-Prism: Lawa uhlobo olukhethekile lwelensi olugoba ukukhanya okungena esweni, okunciphisa ukubona okukabili.
• Ukuzivocavoca kwamehlo (izivivinyo zamehlo): Lokhu kuzivocavoca kungaba usizo kwezinye izinhlobo ze-strabismus, ikakhulukazi ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-convergence (uhlobo lwe-exotropia).
• Imithi: Amaconsi amehlo, amafutha okugcoba, noma imijovo yobuthi be-botulinum uhlobo A (isib. i-Botox®) ingenza buthaka imisipha yamehlo esebenza ngokweqile. Lokhu kwelashwa kungasetshenziswa kanye nokuhlinzwa noma esikhundleni salokho, kuye ngesimo sakho.
• Ukupesha: Uma une-strabismus kanye ne-amblyopia, le ndlela isetshenziselwa ukuyilapha. Ingasiza futhi ekulawuleni i-strabismus ngokuthuthukisa umbono.
• Ukuhlinzwa kwemisipha yamehlo (ukuhlinzwa kwe-strabismus): Lokhu kuhlinzwa kushintsha ubude noma indawo yemisipha yamehlo ukuze ivumelane kahle namehlo. Lokhu kwenziwa ngaphansi kwe-anesthesia ejwayelekile, kusetshenziswa izithungo ezincibilikayo. Ngezinye izikhathi, abantu abadala banikezwa inqubo ebizwa ngokuthi ukuhlinzwa kwe-strabismus okulungisekayo. Kulokhu, indawo yemisipha yamehlo iyalungiswa ngemva kokuhlinzwa.

Kuzodingeka ubone udokotela wakho futhi ukuze uthole ama-aphoyintimenti okulandelela ukuze ubone ukuthi usabela kanjani ekwelashweni. Udokotela uzokwenza noma yiziphi izinguquko ezidingekayo.

Sizoba njani isimo ngemva kokwelashwa? Sinjani isimo?

Uma ingane yakho ine-strabismus, ukuxilongwa kusenesikhathi kanye nokwelashwa kungayisiza ukuthi ifinyelele umbono omuhle kakhulu kanye nokuqonda okujulile . Ukwelashwa kungavimbela nokulahlekelwa umbono.

Noma kunjalo, noma ngabe ungumuntu omdala, i-strabismus ingelashwa noma ngabe uneminyaka emingaki . Ngakho ungalilahli ithemba.

Ingabe ikhona indlela yokuvimbela i-strabismus?

Cha, i-strabismus ayinakuvinjelwa. Kodwa-ke, uma usola ukuthi une-strabismus, ungacela udokotela wengane yakho ukuthi enze izivivinyo ezithile futhi athole noma yiziphi izimo zamehlo kusenesikhathi .

Uma ungumuntu omdala futhi ubona noma yiziphi izinkinga ngokubona kwakho, ikakhulukazi uma uke waba nesifo sohlangothi noma ukulimala kwamehlo, qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela wamehlo.

Kubantwana kanye nabantu abadala ngokufanayo, kubaluleke kakhulu ukubona udokotela wakho ngokwesimiso sokuhlolwa esinconywe udokotela wakho wamehlo.

Kufanele ngibone udokotela? Kufanele ngiye nini?

Uma usola ukuthi wena noma ingane yakho ine-squint, qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela wamehlo . Kunezindlela zokwelapha eziphumelelayo ze-strabismus.

Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ulimele iso noma ubona ushintsho olusheshayo embonweni wakho, kufanele njalo ubonane nodokotela .

Uma unengane esanda kuzalwa, cishe uchitha isikhathi esiningi ubheka ingane yakho. Ekuqaleni, kungase kube nokuntuleka kokugxila emehlweni, kodwa lokhu kuzothuthuka kancane kancane. Uma unenkinga nganoma yikuphi ngamehlo noma umbono wengane yakho, qiniseka ukuthi ubuza udokotela wakho. Ingane yakho akudingeki ikwazi ukukhuluma ukuze ihlolwe i-strabismus. Ngisho noma ingane yakho ineso eliphambene - noma wena unayo - khumbula ukuthi i-strabismus yisimo esingelashwa ngempumelelo . Cela udokotela wakho ukuthola ulwazi olwengeziwe.

Izinto ezibaluleke kakhulu okudingeka sizikhumbule

Sesikhulume kakhulu nge-strabismus namuhla. Okokugcina, khumbula la maphuzu:

• Ukutholwa kusenesikhathi kubaluleke kakhulu: Naka noma yiziphi izinguquko emehlweni, ikakhulukazi ezinganeni ezincane.
• I-Strabismus iyisimo esingelapheka: ungakhathazeki, kunezindlela zokwelapha ezahlukahlukene ezitholakalayo.
• Kubalulekile ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha: Uma ungabaza, noma uma kuvela izimpawu, qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela wamehlo.
• Kukhona nokwelashwa kwabantu abadala: Lokhu kungelashwa kunoma yimuphi ubudala, hhayi nje ebuntwaneni.

Amehlo akho ayimpahla eyigugu. Futhi kungumthwalo wakho ukunakekela amehlo ezingane zakho. Ngithemba ukuthi lolu lwazi luwusizo kuwe!

Iso eliphambene, Ukungalungi kahle kwamehlo, i-Strabismus, Izifo zamehlo ezinganeni, Imisipha yamehlo, Ukubona kabili, Iso elivilaphayo, Ukuhlolwa kwamehlo, Ukuhlinzwa kwamehlo