Aphilile kangakanani amaphaphu akho? Ake sifunde ngokuhlolwa kwe-Spirometry ngendlela elula!

Ukuphefumula kubaluleke kakhulu kithi, akunjalo? Kufana nenjini yomzimba wethu. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi, uhlelo lwethu lokuphefumula, ikakhulukazi amaphaphu, lungaba nezinkinga ezincane. Khona-ke odokotela bethu bafuna ukwazi ukuthi la maphaphu akusiphi isimo nokuthi asebenza kahle kangakanani. Yilapho-ke lolu vivinyo olukhethekile olubizwa ngokuthi i-spirometry lungasisiza khona. Uma uzwa leli gama, kungase kuzwakale njengento enkulu, kodwa kulula kakhulu.

Kuyini i-spirometry? Ingabe kunzima kangako?

Kalula nje, i-spirometry iyindlela elula kakhulu yokuhlola ukuphefumula elinganisa ukusebenza kwamaphaphu akho. Ibheka kakhulu ukuthi ungawuthatha umoya ongakanani ngokuphefumula okukodwa, ukuthi ungawukhipha umoya ongakanani, nokuthi ungawukhipha ngokushesha kangakanani lowo moya .

Cabanga ngakho njengokucima amakhandlela ekhekheni lakho lokuzalwa. Akukho ubuhlungu noma ukungakhululeki. Umshini omncane osetshenziswa ukwenza lokhu kuhlolwa ubizwa ngokuthi i-spirometer . Awufaki lutho emzimbeni wakho, ngakho-ke asikho isidingo sokukhathazeka.

Kungani kwenziwa lokhu kuhlolwa kwe-spirometry? Kubaluleke kubani?

Manje ungase uzibuze, "Kungani ngidinga lokhu kuhlolwa ?" I-Spirometry ivame ukwenziwa ngezizathu eziningana:

• Thola izifo zamaphaphu: Ingabe ukhwehlela njalo? Ingabe uzizwa uphelelwa umoya? Ingabe unomsindo wokuphefumula esifubeni sakho? Noma ingabe isifuba sakho sizizwa siqinile kancane? Uma unalezi zimpawu, lokhu kuhlolwa kungasiza ekutholeni imbangela. Ngokuqondile:
• Isifuba somoya : Lesi yisifo abantu abaningi abasijwayele. Kulokhu, imigudu yomoya iba mincane.
• I-COPD ( Isifo Sokuvimbela Amaphaphu Esingamahlalakhona ): Leli igama lesikhathi eside. Kalula nje, lesi futhi yisimo sesikhathi eside esiphazamisa ukuhamba komoya okungena nokuphuma emaphashini. Kuvame kakhulu kubantu ababhemayo .
• I-Cystic Fibrosis : Lesi yisifo esithinta amaphaphu kanye nezinye izingxenye zomzimba.
• I-Pulmonary Fibrosis : Lesi yisimo lapho izicubu zamaphaphu ziqina kancane kancane futhi ziqine, okubangela ukuthi amaphaphu angavuvukali kahle.

• Qapha isimo sesifo samaphaphu esikhona: Uma usuvele unesifo samaphaphu, lokhu kuhlolwa kwenziwa ukuze kubonakale ukuthi imithi oyithathayo isebenza kahle yini nokuthi isifo sesithuthukile noma sibi kakhulu.

• Hlola ukusebenza kwamaphaphu ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa: Lokhu kubalulekile ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa okukhulu, ikakhulukazi uma ubhema noma unezimpawu ezihlobene namaphaphu, ukuze ubone ukuthi amaphaphu akho azobekezelela kahle kangakanani i-anesthesia.

• Ukuthola izifo zamaphaphu ezihlobene nomsebenzi: Lokhu kuhlolwa kusetshenziselwa futhi ukuthola ukuthi kukhona yini ingozi yokulimala kwamaphaphu ngenxa yothuli namakhemikhali atholakala kwezinye izindawo zokusebenza.

Cabanga nje, umngane wakho, ake sithi uChamal. UChamal wayekhwela izitebhisi noma egijimela ibhasi. Lapho ethola udokotela, wacela uChamal ukuba enze ukuhlolwa kwe-spirometry. Yileyo ndlela atholakala ngayo ukuthi une-asthma. Manje, uChamal uphuza imithi yakhe kahle futhi akanazo izinkinga.

Lolu vivinyo lwe-spirometry lwenziwa kanjani? Ingabe kuyinto enkulu?

Kulungile, manje ake sibone ukuthi singalwenza kanjani lolu vivinyo. Kulula kakhulu, akukho okufanele ukwesabe.

1. Ukulungiselela: Uzohlala esihlalweni ngokunethezeka.

2. Isiqeshana sekhala: Isiqeshana esincane sifakwa ekhaleni lakho. Lokhu kwenzelwa ukuthi uma uphefumula, uphefumula ngomlomo wakho kuphela, hhayi ekhaleni lakho. Lena yindlela ongathola ngayo isilinganiso esinembile.

3. Umlomo: Okulandelayo, uzocelwa ukuba ubambe umlomo wepayipi elihlanziwe elixhunywe ku-spirometer ngokuqinile emlonyeni wakho. Udinga ukuwuvala kahle ngezindebe zombili ukuze kungabikho moya ophumayo.

4. Inqubo yokuphefumula:

• Okokuqala, phefumula ngokujwayelekile izikhathi ezimbalwa.
• Bese, bacelwa ukuba baphefumulele phezulu , kuze kube yilapho amaphaphu womabili egcwele umoya.
• Okulandelayo, udinga ukuphefumula wonke lowo moya ngokushesha okukhulu ngangokunokwenzeka. Njengokucima ikhandlela, kodwa kanzima kancane, futhi isikhathi eside ngangokunokwenzeka (okungenani imizuzwana eyi-6).

5. Isikhuthazo: Uchwepheshe owenza isivivinyo uzokukhuthaza ngokusho izinto ezinjengokuthi "Okuningi! Okuningi! Phefumula! Kuhle! Kuhle!" Bayazi ukuthi bafuna wenze konke okusemandleni akho.

6. Phinda: Ngokuvamile, lokhu kwenziwa okungenani kathathu ukuze kutholakale imiphumela enembile kakhulu.

Ngezinye izikhathi, ngemva kwalokhu kuhlolwa, unikezwa umthamo omfushane we -bronchodilator (ngokuvamile i-inhaler) bese kuhlolwa kuphinda kuphindwe ngemva kwemizuzu eyi-15-20. Lokhu kwenzelwa ukubona ukuthi ukuphefumula kwakho kuyathuthuka yini ngemva kokuthatha umuthi. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ekuxilongweni kwezimo ezifana ne-asthma.

Ungase uzizwe ukhathele kancane phakathi nalolu vivinyo, ngoba kufanele ukhiphe umoya omningi ngangokunokwenzeka. Kodwa akukho ubuhlungu nhlobo.

Ingabe kukhona izinto okudingeka sizilungiselele ngaphambi kokuhlolwa?

Yebo, ukuze uthole imiphumela enembile esivivinyweni, kunezinto ezimbalwa okufanele uziqaphele.

• Imithi: Tshela udokotela wakho kusenesikhathi ngayo yonke imithi oyithathayo, ikakhulukazi imithi yokufutha esetshenziselwa izimo zamaphaphu. Ungase ucelwe ukuthi uyeke ukusebenzisa eminye imithi yokufutha emahoreni ambalwa ngaphambi kokuhlolwa.
• Ukubhema: Gwema ukubhema okungenani ihora ngaphambi kokuhlolwa. Kungcono ukuyeka ukubhema okungenani amahora angama-24 uma kungenzeka.
• Utshwala: Ungaphuzi utshwala ngosuku lokuhlolwa.
• Ukudla: Gwema ukudla ukudla okukhulu cishe amahora amabili ngaphambi kokuhlolwa. Kulungile ukudla ukudla okulula.
• I-Caffeine: Kungcono ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kweziphuzo ezine-caffeine njengetiye nekhofi emahoreni ambalwa ngaphambi kokuhlolwa.
• Izingubo: Gqoka izingubo ezikhululekile nezivumela umoya ukuthi uphefumule . Gwema izingubo eziqinile.
• Ukuzivocavoca: Gwema ukuzivocavoca okunzima cishe imizuzu engama-30 ngaphambi kokuhlolwa.

Uma unaka lezi zinto, ungathola umphumela onembe kakhudlwana.

Ithini imiphumela yalolu vivinyo?

Ungakhathazeki uma imiphumela yokuhlolwa ibonakala ingokwesayensi kancane. Udokotela wakho uzokuchazela konke ngamagama alula. Kunezilinganiso ezimbalwa eziyinhloko ezizothathwa:

• I-FVC (Umthamo Obalulekile Ophoqelelwe): Lena inani eliphelele lomoya ongawukhipha ngamandla ngemva kokuphefumula ngokujulile. Kalula nje, inani eliphezulu lomoya amaphaphu akho angalibamba .
• I-FEV1 (Umthamo Wokukhipha Umoya Ophoqelelwe ngomzuzwana owodwa): Leli inani lomoya elingakhishwa ngomzuzwana wokuqala uma ukhipha umoya ngamandla. Lokhu kubonisa ukuthi umoya ukhishwa ngokushesha kangakanani emaphashini.
• Isilinganiso se-FEV1/FVC: Isilinganiso samanani amabili okukhulunywe ngawo ngenhla naso sibaluleke kakhulu.

Lezi zindinganiso ziqhathaniswa nezindinganiso ezijwayelekile zeminyaka yakho, ukuphakama, ubulili kanye nohlanga.

• Iphethini yokuvimbela: Uma i-FEV1 yakho iphansi kakhulu kune-FVC yakho, futhi isilinganiso sakho se-FEV1/FVC siphansi, kusho ukuthi kukhona ukuvinjelwa okuthile (isib., ukuncipha) emigudwini yakho yomoya. Lokhu kungabonakala ezimweni ezifana ne-asthma kanye ne-COPD.
• Iphethini yokuvimbela: Uma i-FVC yakho iphansi, kodwa isilinganiso sakho se-FEV1/FVC sivamile noma siphezulu, kusho ukuthi amaphaphu akho awakwazi ukufutha kahle (amaphaphu awafutha kahle). Lokhu kungabonakala ezimweni ezifana ne-Pulmonary Fibrosis.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi, ungazami ukuhumusha le miphumela wedwa. Udokotela wakho uzoqhathanisa le miphumela ye-spirometry nezimpawu zakho kanye neminye imibiko yokuhlolwa bese eyichaza ngendlela ongayiqonda.

Ingabe kukhona imiphumela emibi kulokhu? Ingabe kunzima kancane?

I-Spirometry ngokuvamile iyisivivinyo esiphephile kakhulu . Imiphumela emibi emibi ayivamile. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yokuthi isivivinyo sidinga ukuthi uphefumule ngamandla, kungase kube nokungakhululeki okuncane:

• Ungase uzizwe unesiyezi noma unekhanda elibuhlungu . Lokhu kuzophela ngokwako ngemva kwesikhashana.
• Ngemva kokuhlolwa, ungase uzizwe uphefumula ngokushesha noma uzizwe ukhathazekile okwesikhashana .
• Abanye abantu bangase babe nokukhwehlela .
• Ungase uzizwe ukhathele kancane.

Akuvamile kakhulu, abanye abantu bangase babhekane nokuncipha okungazelelwe kwemigudu yomoya emaphashini ( i-bronchospasm ), ikakhulukazi kubantu abane-asthma enzima. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yokuthi ukuhlolwa kwenziwa ngaphansi kokuqashwa kwezokwelapha, uma lokhu kwenzeka, kungelashwa ngokushesha.

Kufanele nakanjani utshele udokotela wakho uma usanda kuba nokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo, ukuhlinzwa kwamehlo, ukuhlinzwa kwesifuba noma kwesisu, i-aneurysm ebuchosheni, noma isifo sofuba esisebenzayo (TB ). Lokhu kuhlolwa kungase kungafaneleki ezimweni ezinjalo, noma kungadingeka kwenziwe ngokunakekelwa okukhethekile.

Kwenzekani ngemva kokuhlolwa?

Ngemva kokuphela kokuhlolwa, ungenza imisebenzi yakho evamile. Uma usebenzise i-bronchodilator kakhulu, ungase uzizwe uqhaqhazela ezingalweni zakho noma uzizwe ushesha kancane enhliziyweni yakho isikhashana. Lokhu kuzodlula ngesikhathi esifushane.

Ngemuva kwalokho, udokotela wakho uzoxoxa nawe ngemiphumela yokuhlolwa. Uzochaza ukuthi imiphumela isho ukuthini nokuthi yiziphi izinyathelo okudingeka uzithathe ngokulandelayo (njengokuhlolwa okwengeziwe, ukuqala imithi, noma ukushintsha imithi yakho yamanje).

Ngakho-ke, yiziphi izinto ezibaluleke kakhulu okudingeka sizikhumbule?

Kulungile, ake sifingqe izinto ezibaluleke kakhulu okufanele sizikhumbule kulokho esikhulume ngakho:

• I-Spirometry iyindlela elula yokuhlola ukuphefumula ngaphandle kobuhlungu ukuhlola impilo yamaphaphu akho.
• Lokhu kuwusizo olukhulu ekuxilongeni nasekuqapheni izifo zamaphaphu ezifana ne-asthma kanye ne-COPD.
• Ukubhala isivivinyo kufana nokucima amakhandlela ngosuku lokuzalwa , akunzima kakhulu. Kodwa kufanele uzame kahle.
• Landela imiyalelo kadokotela ngokucophelela ngaphambi kokuhlolwa (mayelana nokudla, iziphuzo, kanye nemithi).
• Ungesabi imiphumela noma wenze izinqumo wedwa . Xoxa ngakho konke nodokotela wakho bese ucela iseluleko sakhe.

Ngakho-ke, uma unezinkinga zamaphaphu futhi udokotela encoma ukuhlolwa kwe-spirometry, asikho isidingo sokwesaba. Kuyisinyathelo esibalulekile ukuqinisekisa impilo yamaphaphu akho. Inhlanhla!

i-spirometry, ukuhlolwa kwamaphaphu, ukuhlolwa kokuphefumula, i-asthma, i-COPD, ukusebenza kwamaphaphu, isifo sokuphefumula