Cishe uke wezwa udokotela ethi, "Unoketshezi oluzungeze amaphaphu akho" uma unenkinga yokuphefumula. Kuvamile ukuzizwa wesaba kancane uma uzwa lokhu. Kodwa ungakhathazeki, kunenqubo yezokwelapha elula kakhulu nephephile engenziwa ukwelapha lesi simo nokuthola imbangela. Yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi i-thoracentesis. Namuhla, sizokhuluma ngakho ngendlela elula kakhulu, elula ukuyiqonda.
Kuyini i-Thoracentesis?
Kalula nje, i-thoracentesis inqubo yokususa uketshezi oluningi (amanzi) emaphashini akho usebenzisa ithuluzi elifana nesirinji.
Ake sithi amaphaphu ethu angaphakathi kwesifuba sethu. Kunesikhala esincane kakhulu phakathi kwala maphaphu nodonga lwesifuba. Lesi sikhala sibizwa ngokuthi isikhala se-pleural. Kunezinhlayiya ezimbili ezincane kakhulu kulesi sikhala. Uma siphefumula, amaphaphu ethu ayanda futhi anciphe. Ukuze le nqubo yenzeke kahle kakhulu, ngaphandle kokushayisana, kudingeka kube khona inani elincane kakhulu loketshezi phakathi kwalawo maphaphu amabili. Njengoba nje ukufaka uwoyela omncane esivalweni somnyango kwenza kube lula ukuvula nokuvala, leli nani loketshezi lisiza amaphaphu ethu ukuthi asebenze kalula.
Kodwa ngenxa yezifo ezithile, uketshezi oluningi luqala ukuqongelela kulesi sikhala kunokuba kudingekile. Ngokwezokwelapha, lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi i-pleural effusion . Uma lolu ketshezi lugcwala, asikho isikhala esanele sokuba amaphaphu akhule ngokukhululeka, okubangela izimpawu ezifana nobunzima bokuphefumula kanye nomuzwa wokusinda esifubeni.
Ngakho-ke, okwenziwayo ekwelapheni i-thoracentesis ukususa lolu ketshezi oluningi.
Umehluko phakathi kwe-Thoracentesis ne-Paracentesis
Zombili lezi zindlela zokwelapha ezisusa uketshezi oluningi emzimbeni. Kodwa-ke, i-thoracentesis isusa uketshezi esifubeni, okungukuthi, emaphashini. I-Paracentesis isusa uketshezi oluqongeleleke esiswini (esiswini).
Ingabe i-thoracentesis iwukuhlinzwa okukhulu?
Lutho neze. I-Thoracentesis akuyona indlela enkulu yokuhlinzwa. Ibizwa ngokuthi inqubo 'engena kakhulu', okusho ukuthi iyindlela yokwelapha ebangela umonakalo omncane emzimbeni. Akukho ukusikwa okukhulu noma inxeba. Ngakho-ke, isikhathi sokululama sifushane kakhulu, futhi izingozi ziphansi kakhulu.
Kungani sidinga lokhu kwelashwa?
Kunezizathu ezimbili eziyinhloko zokwenza i-thoracentesis.
1. Ukuxilongwa: Ukuthola ukuthi kungani kukhona uketshezi oluzungeze amaphaphu. Isampula yoketshezi iyasuswa bese ithunyelwa elabhorethri ukuze kuhlolwe ukutheleleka, amangqamuzana omdlavuza, noma ezinye izimpawu zesifo.
2. Ukuqeda izimpawu (Ezokwelapha): Uma inani elikhulu loketshezi liqongelelene emaphashini futhi lenza kube nzima kakhulu ngawe ukuphefumula, lokhu kwelashwa kwenzelwa ukususa lolo ketshezi futhi kukunikeze impumuzo.
Ake sibheke ithebula elingezansi ukuze sibone ukuthi yiziphi izimbangela eziyinhloko zokuphuma kwe-pleural effusion.
| Izimbangela ezingaba khona zokuphuma kwe-pleural (ukuqongelela koketshezi emaphashini) | |
|---|---|
| Ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo okubangelwa ukuminyana | Lesi yisizathu esivamile. |
| Umdlavuza | Lokhu kungabangelwa umdlavuza wamaphaphu noma eminye imidlavuza. |
| Ukutheleleka kwe-pneumonia namaphaphu | Kungabangelwa ukutheleleka ngamagciwane, amagciwane, noma isikhunta. |
| Isifo Sofuba (i-TB) | Isizathu esivamile naseSri Lanka. |
| Ukugoba kwegazi emaphashini (i-pulmonary embolism) | Ihlule legazi emthanjeni wegazi. |
| Isifo sezinso noma sesibindi | Ngenxa yezinguquko ebhalansini loketshezi lomzimba. |
| Izifo ezizenzakalelayo ezifana ne-lupus/SLE | Amasosha omzimba ahlasela amangqamuzana awo. |
Lokhu kwelashwa kusebenza kanjani? Ingabe kuyinto okufanele uyesabe?
Asikho isidingo sokwesaba lokhu kwelashwa nhlobo. Ake sibone ukuthi kuzokwenzekani isinyathelo ngesinyathelo.
Ukulungiselela ngaphambi kokwelashwa
Udokotela wakho uzokunikeza imiyalelo ethile ngaphambi kwalokhu kwelashwa. Kukhona nezinto ezimbalwa okudingeka uzazise udokotela wakho ngazo.
- WenaUma uthatha imithi yokunciphisa igazi noma imithi efana ne-aspirin, qiniseka ukuthi uyakhuluma ngayo.
- Uma unezinkinga zokujiya kwegazi , sicela usazise.
- Sitshele nganoma yimiphi eminye imithi, amavithamini, noma izithasiselo ozithathayo.
- Sitshele uma une-allergy kunoma yimiphi imithi (ikakhulukazi imithi yokubulala izinhlungu), i-latex, noma i-tape .
- Kufanele usitshele nokuthi ukhulelwe noma ungakhulelwa.
Kwenzekani ngesikhathi sokwelashwa?
Lokhu kwelashwa kuvame ukwenziwa esibhedlela. Yonke inqubo ithatha cishe imizuzu eyi-15 .
1. Isimo: Uzocelwa ukuthi uhlale esihlalweni, uncike etafuleni eliphambi kwakho, bese ubeka izandla zakho ezinqeni zakho. Lesi simo siveza umhlane wakho. Uma unenkinga yokuhlala, ungakwenza lokhu ngokuncika ohlangothini lwakho.
2. Ukulungiselela: Indawo emhlane wakho lapho ufuna ukususa khona uketshezi izohlanzwa kahle ngesisombululo se-antiseptic bese imbozwa ngendwangu.
3. Ukufaka izinzwa: Okulandelayo, kusetshenziswa inaliti encane kakhulu ukufaka umuthi wokufaka izinzwa endaweni. Kuleli qophelo, kuzwakala sengathi intuthwane encane iyakuluma, kodwa indawo iba nezinzwa ngokuphelele.
4. Ukususa uketshezi: Manje udokotela uzofaka enye inalithi esikhaleni esiphakathi kwezimbambo zakho, ngaphansi nje kwesikhumba, lapho kukhona uketshezi. Ngezinye izikhathi, kusetshenziswa i-ultrasound scan ukusiza ukuqondisa indawo. Uketshezi olwengeziwe luzokhishwa ngepayipi elinamathiselwe enalinithi.
5. Isiphetho: Ngemva kokuba inani elidingekayo loketshezi selisusiwe, inaliti iyasuswa bese kufakwa ibhandishi elincane endaweni.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi uhlale uphapheme ngokugcwele kulo lonke lolu hlobo lokwelashwa. Ngeke uzwe ubuhlungu. Ungase uzizwe ucindezelekile noma ungakhululekile lapho uketshezi lususwa, kodwa alubuhlungu.
Ngemva kokwelashwa
Ngemva kokwelashwa, ungase uphinde wenze i-X-ray noma i-scan ukuze uhlole isimo samaphaphu akho. Ukushaya kwenhliziyo yakho kanye nomfutho wegazi kuzoqashwa amahora ambalwa ngaphambi kokuba uthunyelwe ekhaya.
Kuvamile ukukhwehlela kancane cishe ihora elilodwa ngemva kokwelashwa. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi amaphaphu ayakhula futhi ngemva kokuba uketshezi seluphelile.
Isikhathi sobungozi kanye nokululama
I-Thoracentesis inqubo ephephile kakhulu. Ingozi yezinkinga iphansi kakhulu. Nazi ezinye zezingozi ezingaba khona:
- Ukopha: Uma inaliti ishaya umthambo wegazi omncane, kungase kube nokopha okuncane. Lokhu kuvame ukuziyeka.
- Ukutheleleka:Njenganoma yikuphi ukusikeka esikhumbeni, kunethuba elincane kakhulu lokuthi amagciwane azongena futhi abangele ukutheleleka.
- I-Pneumothorax: Akuvamile ukuthi inaliti ibhoboze amaphaphu futhi idale imbobo encane, ivumele umoya ukuthi uphume. Lokhu kungabangela ukuthi amaphaphu awe.
- Ukuvuvukala kwamaphaphu: Uma inani elikhulu loketshezi lisuswa ngokushesha kakhulu, amaphaphu angagcwala uketshezi.
Akuthathi isikhathi eside ukuphola. Udokotela uzokutshela ukuthi ungenzi noma yimuphi umsebenzi onzima cishe izinsuku ezimbili . Ibhandeji lingasuswa cishe emahoreni angama-24.
Uma unalezi zimpawu ngemva kokwelashwa, bonana nodokotela ngokushesha.
Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izimpawu ezilandelayo ngemuva kokubuyela ekhaya usuka ekwelashweni, shayela udokotela wakho ngokushesha.
- Imfiva
- Ubomvu, ukuvuvukala, noma ukopha/olunye uketshezi lapho inaliti ifakiwe khona
- Ubuhlungu besifuba noma ubuhlungu lapho uphefumula kakhulu
- Ukukhwehlela igazi (i-Hemoptysis)
- Ubunzima obukhulu obungazelelwe bokuphefumula
Uma uhlangabezana nobunzima obukhulu bokuphefumula ngokuzumayo, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuya eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) wesibhedlela esiseduze.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Thoracentesis inqubo yezokwelapha ephephile kakhulu futhi elula esusa uketshezi oluningi oluqongelele emaphashini.
- Lokhu kwenzelwa ukuthola imbangela yokunqwabelana koketshezi (ukuxilongwa) noma ukunciphisa ubunzima bokuphefumula (impumuzo).
- Lokhu akusilo ukuhlinzwa okukhulu. Kuthatha cishe imizuzu eyi-15, ngemithi yokwelapha izinhlungu, futhi usuvukile.
- Ingozi iphansi kakhulu, kodwa kubalulekile ukuqaphela izimpawu eziyisixwayiso ezingase zivele ngemva kokwelashwa.
- Ukugcinwa koketshezi kungabangelwa yisimo sezempilo esicashile. Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngalokhu.
- Uma unemibuzo noma ukukhathazeka ngalokhu, xoxa ngakho nodokotela wakho.
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