Ingabe ama-platelet akho egazi aphansi? Ake sifunde nge-thrombocytopenia kalula!

Ingabe kuthatha isikhathi eside ukuthi ukopha kume uma uthola ukusikeka okuncane? Noma umane uphenduke ube luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka bese wenza imivimbo ngaphandle kokushaya lutho emzimbeni wakho? Uma lokhu kwenzekile kuwe, kungenzeka ukuthi unenani eliphansi lama-platelet . Ngokwezokwelapha, lesi simo sibizwa ngokuthi i-Thrombocytopenia (ebizwa ngokuthi “thrombo-cyto-penia”). Ungakhathazeki, sizogcina konke kulula.

Kalula nje, kuyini i-Thrombocytopenia?

Ngaphezu kwamangqamuzana abomvu egazi kanye namangqamuzana amhlophe egazi , igazi lethu liqukethe olunye uhlobo olukhethekile lweseli, olubizwa ngokuthi ama-platelet . Umsebenzi wawo oyinhloko ukusiza ekumiseni ukopha lapho silimala. Ukuze kube sobala, akha ihlule legazi futhi amise ukopha.

Manje, i-Thrombocytopenia yilapho inani lama-platelet egazini lethu liphansi kunenani elidingekayo. Lawa enziwa umnkantsha wethu wamathambo . Ngakho-ke, uma umnkantsha ungakhiqizi ama-platelet anele, noma uma ama-platelet akhiqizwayo ebhujiswa ngokushesha okukhulu, lesi simo singase senzeke. Lokhu kungabangelwa nezinto ezifana nezifo ezithile kanye nemithi.

Sivame kangakanani lesi simo?

Eqinisweni, abantu abaningi banalesi simo ezingeni eliphansi kakhulu. Bangase bangazi nokuthi banaso ngoba abanazo izimpawu ezinkulu. Ngakho-ke kunzima ukusho ukuthi sivame kangakanani.

Kodwa-ke, esinye isimo esihlobene nalokhu, i-Immune Thrombocytopenia , sitholakale sithinta cishe izingane nabantu abadala abangu-3-4 kwabangu-100,000. Futhi, cishe u-5% wabesifazane abakhulelwe bangase babe ne-thrombocytopenia encane ngaphambi nje kokubeletha.

Yiziphi izinkinga ezingaba khona ngenxa ye-thrombocytopenia?

Ukubalwa kwama-platelet aphansi kakhulu kungaholela ezimweni eziyingozi.

• Ukopha okukhulu emzimbeni: Ukopha kungavela ezindaweni ezifana nesisu namathumbu. Okuyingozi nakakhulu ukopha ngaphakathi kobuchopho. Lokhu kungaba yisimo esisongela ukuphila.
• Ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo: Ukwehla kwama-platelet egazi kunganciphisa inani legazi eligeleza liye enhliziyweni, okwandisa ingozi yokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo.

Ayini amazinga ajwayelekile naphansi ama-platelet egazi?

Uma ubheka umbiko wakho wegazi, uzobona ukuthi ubala inani lama-platelet akho. Ake sibheke ukuthi amazinga ajwayelekile kanye namazinga aphansi ayini.

Ingabe nawe unalezi zimpawu? Izimpawu ze-Thrombocytopenia

Abantu abanokuntuleka kwama-platelet amancane bangase bangabi nazimpawu. Kodwa-ke, lapho kuvela izimpawu, enye yezinto zokuqala ozibonayo ubunzima bokumisa ukopha ngenxa yokusikeka okuncane noma ukopha ekhaleni. Nazi ezinye izimpawu.

• Izinsini eziphuma igazi: Ungase uqaphele igazi ebhulashini lakho lamazinyo lapho uxubha amazinyo akho. Izinsini zakho zingase zibonakale zivuvukele.
• Igazi esitulweni: Indle ingase ibe mnyama kakhulu.
• Igazi emchameni: Uma amanzi endlini yangasese ebukeka epinki kancane ngemva kokuchama, kungenzeka ukuthi kungenxa yokuthi kukhona igazi emchameni.
• Ukuhlanza igazi: Lokhu kusho ukuthi kukhona ukopha engxenyeni engenhla yesisu sakho.
• Ukopha kakhulu ngesikhathi sokuya esikhathini: Uma ukuya kwakho nyanga zonke kuthatha izinsuku ezingaphezu kweziyi-7, noma uma wopha kakhulu kunokuvamile, kungaba uphawu.
• I-Petechiae:Kubukeka njengokuqhuma kwamachashazi amancane abomvu/onsomi emilenzeni, ikakhulukazi endaweni yezinqe.
• I-Purpura: Amabala abomvu, onsomi, noma ansundu esikhumbeni. Lokhu kubangelwa igazi eliphuma emithanjeni yegazi emincane ngaphansi kwesikhumba.
• Imivimbo: Imivimbo iyenzeka lapho igazi liqoqana ngaphansi kwesikhumba. Ungase uqaphele ukuthi uvuvukala kalula kunokujwayelekile.
• Ukopha kwamathumbu: Ungase ubone igazi endlini yangasese noma ngenkathi uhlanza.

Kungani ama-platelet egazi ehla kanje? Ziyini izimbangela?

Izimbangela zama-platelet aphansi egazini zingahlukaniswa ngezigaba ezintathu eziyinhloko.

1. Umnkantsha wakho awukhiqizi ama-platelet anele: Lokhu kungenzeka ezimweni zomdlavuza wegazi njenge-leukemia noma i-lymphoma.

2. Ngisho noma kukhiqizwa ama-platelet anele ngomnkantsha, ayabhujiswa noma aphele ngokushesha: Ngenxa yezifo ezithile, inani lama-platelet akhiqizwayo liphela ngokushesha.

3. Ukugcinwa kwe-spleen kwama-platelet: Ngokuvamile, i-spleen yethu igcina cishe ingxenye eyodwa kwezintathu zama-platelet ethu egazi. Kodwa-ke, kwezinye izimo, igcina ama-platelet amaningi kakhulu.

Izizathu ezimbalwa ezithile

• Izifo ezithinta amasosha omzimba: Ezifweni ezifana ne-Immune Thrombocytopenia (ITP) kanye ne-Lupus, amasosha omzimba ethu ahlasela futhi abhubhise ama-platelet egazi.
• Umdlavuza wegazi: Izifo ezifana ne-leukemia kanye ne-lymphoma zingalimaza umongo wamathambo futhi ziwuvimbele ekwenzeni ama-platelet egazi.
• Ukwelashwa ngomdlavuza: Ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali kanye nokwelashwa ngemisebe kungabhubhisa amaseli okuqala abengaba ama-platelet.
• Ezinye izifo zegazi: Ezimweni ezifana ne-Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura (TPP), kwakheka amahlule amancane egazi emzimbeni wonke, okwenza ama-platelet aphele ngokushesha.
• Ukutheleleka: Ukutheleleka ngamagciwane kanye namagciwane nakho kungabangela inani eliphansi lama-platelet.
• Ukuphuza utshwala ngokweqile: Utshwala bunciphisa ukukhiqizwa kwama-platelet egazi.
• Amakhemikhali anobuthi: Ukuchayeka ezintweni ezifana ne-arsenic, i-benzene, kanye nezibulala-zinambuzane nakho kungathinteka.
• Eminye imithi: Ama-antibiotic, imithi yokuwa, imithi yesifo senhliziyo, kanye nemithi yokunciphisa igazi njenge-heparin nayo ingabangela lokhu.

Ukuthola kanjani lokhu, Dokotela?

Uma uya kudokotela, uzokuhlola kuqala. Uzohlola imivimbo, amabala, njll. Uzobuza nangomlando wakho wezokwelapha kanye nemithi oyiphuzayo. Ngemuva kwalokho angakucela ukuthi wenze ezinye izivivinyo ezinjengalezi.

• Ukubalwa Kwegazi Okuphelele (i-CBC): Lokhu ukuhlolwa kwegazi okuvamile. Kuhlola inani lama-platelet, amangqamuzana abomvu egazi, kanye namangqamuzana amhlophe egazi egazini lakho.
• Ukuskena Kwegazi Okungaphandle: Lokhu kuhilela ukuhlola ama-platelet egazi lakho ngaphansi kwe-microscope.
• Ukuhlolwa kokujiya kwegazi: Lokhu kulinganisa ukuthi kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuthi igazi lakho lijiye (njengokuhlolwa kwe-PTT kanye ne-PT).
• Ukuhlolwa Kwe-Bone Marrow: Uma ukuhlolwa kwegazi kubonisa ukuthi ama-platelet akho aphansi kakhulu futhi imbangela ingacaci, udokotela wakho angase anqume ukuthatha isampula encane yomnkantsha wakho ukuze ihlolwe.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha lokhu?

Uma inani lakho eliphansi lama-platelet lingadali izinkinga ezinkulu, cishe ngeke udinge ukwelashwa. Esikhathini esiningi, odokotela bazophatha imbangela eyisisekelo yalesi simo. Isibonelo, uma kubangelwa umuthi owuthathayo, bangase bakwazi ukushintsha lowo muthi.

Ezinye izindlela zokwelapha yilezi:

• Ama-Steroids: Le mithi ingandisa ukukhiqizwa kwama-platelet egazini.
• Ukufakelwa Igazi: Uma amazinga akho e-platelet ephansi kakhulu, ungase unikezwe igazi (ama-platelet) ukuze wandise amazinga akho e-platelet okwesikhashana.
• Ukususwa kwe-spleen: Uma ukuhlolwa kubonisa ukuthi i-spleen yakho ivimba ama-platelet amaningi kakhulu, udokotela wakho angase ancome ukususwa kwe-spleen yakho ngokuhlinzwa. Kodwa-ke, njengoba ukususa i-spleen kwandisa ingozi yakho yokutheleleka, kuzodingeka ugonywe ukuze uzivikele kukho.

Izinto okufanele uzicabangele uma uphila nalesi simo

Uma une-thrombocytopenia, kubaluleke kakhulu ukwenza izinguquko ezincane endleleni yakho yokuphila.

• Indlela yokuphila enempilo: Uma ubhema, yeka. Uma uphuza utshwala, nciphisa. Gcina impilo enhle yamazinyo, njengoba kungabangela ukuphuma kwegazi emazinyweni nasezinsinini.
• Ungathathi imithi ngaphandle kweseluleko sikadokotela: Amanye ama-painkiller (isib. i-ibuprofen, i-aspirin) anezakhiwo zokunciphisa igazi. Ungathathi noma yiziphi izidambisi-zinhlungu, izithasiselo, noma amakhambi ngaphandle kokubonisana nodokotela wakho kuqala.
• Gwema imisebenzi engabangela ukuphuka nokopha: Kungcono ukugwema imidlalo yokuthintana njenge-rugby nebhola. Buza udokotela wakho mayelana nokuzivocavoca okuphephile okukufanele.
• Hamba ngokuphepha: Gqoka ibhande lesihlalo njalo uma ugibele imoto.
• Yazisa odokotela bakho: Uma uhlinzwa noma ukhishwa amazinyo, yazisa udokotela kusenesikhathi ukuthi une-thrombocytopenia kanye nemithi oyiphuzayo.

I-Thrombocytopenia, inani lamaplatelet eliphansi, ukopha, ukuminyana, i-petechiae, i-purpura, ukuhlolwa kwe-CBC sinhala, umongo wamathambo, upelepele, i-spleenectomy, i-Sri Lanka