Ingabe inani lama-platelet akho liphezulu? Ake sixoxe nge-Thrombocytosis!

Wake wathatha umbiko wakho we-Full Blood Count wabheka izinto ozishoyo? Kumelwe ukuthi ubonile ukuthi kukhona inani elibizwa ngokuthi “ama-Platelet” phakathi kwezinto ezikhona. Ngezinye izikhathi udokotela uthi, “Inani lama-platelet akho liphezulu kancane.” Ngaleso sikhathi, kuyinto evamile ukuzizwa wesaba futhi ukhathazekile kancane. “Kuyini lokhu? Ingabe kuyingozi?” Ucabanga kanjalo. Ngakho-ke namuhla, ake sixoxe kalula nangobungane ngalokhu kwanda kwama-platelet egazini, okuyisimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-Thrombocytosis ngokwezokwelapha.

Okokuqala, ake sibone, ayini ama-platelet?

Kalula nje, ama-platelet awuhlobo lweseli elincane egazini lethu. Cabanga ngawo njengeqembu elincane 'losizo' eliza ukumisa ukuphuma kwegazi uma uthola ukusikeka noma ukuklwebheka endaweni ethile emzimbeni wakho. Afika ngokushesha endaweni yokulimala, anamathele ndawonye, ​​​​futhi akhe i-clot, njenge-plaster, ukuze avale inxeba. Yile ndlela ukuphuma kwegazi okuma ngayo. Ngakho ungabona ukuthi ama-platelet ayingxenye ebalulekile futhi ebaluleke kakhulu yomzimba wethu.

Kodwa, njenganoma yini, izinkinga zingavela uma lawa ma-platelet eba phezulu kakhulu. I-Thrombocytosis yilapho inani lama-platelet egazini likhuphuka ngaphezu kwezinga elijwayelekile. Lapho ama-platelet ekhula ngale ndlela, igazi lethu ngezinye izikhathi linganamathela. Lokhu kungaholela ekuqhekekeni kwegazi okungafuneki ezindaweni lapho kungekho khona ukulimala, okungukuthi, ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi. Uma lawa ma-blood clots engelashwa, angaholela ngisho nasezimweni ezimbi njengokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo noma isifo sohlangothi.

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko ze-thrombocytosis:

Kuye ngembangela yokubalwa kwama-platelet aphezulu egazini lakho, lesi simo singahlukaniswa sibe izinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko. Kubalulekile ukuqonda lezi ezimbili, ngoba izindlela zokwelapha zizoncika kulolu hlobo.

Kodwa-ke, uma ukuhlolwa kwegazi lakho kubonisa ukuthi inani lama-platelet akho liphezulu, kusho ukuthi kukhona okwenzekayo emzimbeni wakho okudingeka kuhlolwe udokotela. Kuye ngembangela yokutholwa, ungase udinge ukwelashwa kwesikhathi eside, ukwelashwa kwesikhashana, noma ukungabi nakwelashwa nhlobo.

Yiziphi izimpawu zokubalwa kwama-platelet aphezulu?

Eqinisweni, abantu abaningi ababi nazo izimpawu zokubalwa kwama-platelet amaningi. Kutholakala ngengozi lapho kwenziwa ukuhlolwa kwegazi ngesinye isizathu.

Uma une-Reactive Thrombocytosis, ungase ube nezimpawu zesimo esiyisisekelo (isibonelo, umkhuhlane obangelwa ukutheleleka).

Kodwa-ke, uma ukwanda kwama-platelet kubangela ukwakheka kwamahlule egazi noma (okungavamile kakhulu) ukuphuma kwegazi ngaphakathi, kungase kube nezimpawu ezithile. Lesi simo sivame ukubonakala ku-Essential Thrombocytosis.

• Ukukhathala
• Ukopha igazi njalo
• Ukopha (ukulimaza) ngisho nangemva kokulimala okuncane
• Ukopha okulula okuvela ezinsinini noma kwezinye izindawo emlonyeni
• Isiyezi , umbono ofiphele, kanye nekhanda elibuhlungu
• Ubuhlungu, ukuvuvukala, kanye nokubomvu ezandleni nasezinyaweni (uphawu lwesimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-erythromelalgia)
• Ubuhlungu besisu, ikakhulukazi ohlangothini oluphezulu kwesokudla lwesisu (kungaba uphawu lwesimo esifana ne-Budd-Chiari syndrome)

Kungani ama-platelet enyuka kanje? Yiziphi izizathu?

Izizathu ziyahlukahluka kuye ngezinhlobo ezimbili esixoxe ngazo ekuqaleni.

Izimbangela ze-Essential Thrombocytosis (ET)

Lokhu kubangelwa ukuguquka kwezakhi zofuzo. Kodwa lokhu akuyona into ezalwa nayo, kodwa into ekhula ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Kalula nje, kukhona ushintsho ezakhiweni zofuzo ezitshela umzimba wethu ukuthi wenze ama-platelet. Ngenxa yalokho, umnkantsha uqala ukwenza ama-platelet amaningi kakhulu ngaphandle kokulawula.

Izimbangela ze-Thrombocytosis Esebenzayo

Lokhu kumane kuyindlela umzimba osabela ngayo kwenye inkinga. Nazi ezinye zezimbangela ezivamile zama-platelet aphezulu:

• Ukopha: Uma kunokulahlekelwa igazi okuningi ngenxa yengozi noma ukuhlinzwa.
• Izimo zomdlavuza: Ngenxa yezinhlobo ezithile zomdlavuza.
• Ukutheleleka: Ukutheleleka ngamagciwane noma amagciwane.
• Izimo zokuvuvukala: Izifo ezibangela ukuvuvukala emzimbeni, njenge-arthritis.
• I-anemia yokuntuleka kwensimbi.
• Eminye imithi.
• Ukususwa kwe-spleen ngokuhlinzwa: Omunye wemisebenzi ye-spleen ukususa ama-platelet amadala. Ukuyisusa kungandisa inani lama-platelet.

Yiziphi izinkinga ezingaba khona ngenxa yalesi simo?

Abantu abane-Essential Thrombocytosis (ET) basengozini enkulu yezinkinga. Izinkinga azivamile kakhulu kwi-Reactive Thrombocytosis.

Ingozi enkulu ukwakheka kwamahlule egazi . Uma la mahlule egazi ebhajwa emthanjeni wegazi oholela ebuchosheni, angabangela isifo sohlangothi , futhi uma ebhajwa emthanjeni wegazi oholela enhliziyweni, angabangela ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo . La mahlule egazi angakheka nakwezinye izindawo, njengamaphaphu nemilenze.

Akuvamile kakhulu, i-ET ingakhula ibe eminye imidlavuza yegazi, njenge-leukemia, noma ibangele izibazi zomnkantsha wamathambo (i-myelofibrosis). Kungandisa futhi ingozi yezinkinga ezithile ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.

Kodwa ungakhathazeki. Uma une-ET, udokotela wakho uzobe eqapha impilo yakho eduze futhi uzokunikeza ukwelashwa okudingekayo ukuze avimbele izinkinga ezinjengalezi.

Odokotela bakuthola kanjani lokhu ngqo?

I-Thrombocytosis itholakala kakhulu ngokuhlolwa kwegazi. Ngokuvamile, inani lama-platelet elingaphezu kuka-450,000 nge-microliter ngayinye yegazi libhekwa njengeliphezulu. Udokotela wakho angase afune ukuhlola igazi lakho kabusha ngemva kwamasonto ambalwa ukuze abone ukuthi inani lama-platelet akho lisaphezulu yini. Uma inani selibuyele esimweni esijwayelekile, ngokuvamile akukho okufanele ukhathazeke ngakho.

Uma inani lama-platelet liqhubeka liphezulu, isinyathelo esilandelayo ukuthola ukuthi ngabe liyasabela noma libalulekile. Lokhu kuzodinga ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe.

• Okunye ukuhlolwa kwegazi: Lokhu kuhlola izinto ezifana namazinga ensimbi kanye nezimpawu zokuvuvukala, bese kubheka izimo zeplatelet ezingavamile ngaphansi kwe-microscope.
• Ukuhlolwa kofuzo: Lokhu kuhlolwa kungathola izinguquko zofuzo ezifana ne -JAK2 , CALR1 , noma i-MPL1, ezivame ukubonakala ku-Essential Thrombocytosis.
• Ukuhlolwa komnkantsha wethambo: Lokhu kuhilela ukuthatha isampula encane kakhulu yomnkantsha wethambo endaweni efana nethambo le-hip ngaphansi kwe-anesthesia bese uyihlola elabhorethri. Lokhu kungaqinisekisa ngokuqinisekile isimo se-ET.

Iphathwa kanjani?

Izindlela zokwelapha zincike ohlotsheni lwe-thrombocytosis onayo kanye nezimpawu zakho.

Nge-Reactive Thrombocytosis:

Yilapho ama-platelet enyuka khona ngenxa yesinye isifo. Ngakho-ke, ukwelashwa kuhloswe imbangela eyisisekelo . Isibonelo, uma inani lama-platelet likhuphuka ngenxa yokutheleleka, lapho kunikezwa ama-antibiotic alowo kutheleleka, inani lama-platelet lizobuyela esimweni esijwayelekile njengoba ukutheleleka kuphola.

Nge-Essential Thrombocytosis (ET):

I-ET ayisona isifo esingelapheki. Kodwa-ke, ingaphathwa kahle ukuze kuncishiswe ingozi yokuqhekeka kwegazi. Kunezindlela eziningana zokwelapha:

• Ukulinda Ngokuqaphela: Uma ungenazo izimpawu futhi ingozi yakho yokuba namahlule egazi iphansi, udokotela wakho angase aqaphe isimo sakho ngokwenza ukuhlolwa kwegazi njalo ngaphandle kokukunikeza noma yimiphi imithi.
• I-aspirin ephansi: Ungase unikezwe iphilisi le-aspirin nsuku zonke ukusiza ukuvimbela ukujiya kwegazi. Kodwa khumbula, ungalokothi uqale ukuthatha i-aspirin wedwa ngaphandle kokubonisana nodokotela.
• Imithi ehlisa amazinga e-platelet: Imithi efana ne-Hydroxyurea, i-Anagrelide, kanye ne-Interferon alfa ilawula ukukhiqizwa kwama-platelet.
• Inqubo yokukhipha ama-platelet: Uma kukhona ingozi esheshayo yokuba ne-blood clot esongela ukuphila, igazi lakho lingadluliselwa emshinini ukuze lihlunge ama-platelet asele.

Kufanele ubonane nini nodokotela?

Uma utholakale une-thrombocytosis, kubalulekile ukuthi uhlolwe igazi njalo njengoba kuqondiswe udokotela wakho. Futhi, buza udokotela wakho ukuthi yiziphi izimpawu okufanele uzibike ngokushesha uma zivela.

Ikakhulukazi, uma uba nezimpawu zokuhlaselwa yisifo sohlangothi noma ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo (isib. ubuhlungu besifuba obungazelelwe, ubunzima bokukhuluma, ubuthakathaka ohlangothini olulodwa lomzimba, ukugoba kobuso), hamba ngokushesha eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU).