Ingabe ngezinye izikhathi uzizwa ukhathele ngaphandle kwesizathu? Noma ingabe wehla isisindo ngokuzumayo noma ukhuluphala? Ingabe uke uzizwe ucasukile noma ukhathazekile? Ungase ungazi ukuthi indlala encane efana novemvane engaphambili entanyeni yakho ingabandakanyeka kulezi zinto. Lesi sitho esincane kodwa esibaluleke kakhulu emzimbeni wethu sibizwa ngokuthi indlala ye-thyroid. Namuhla, sizoxoxa ngalokhu ngokuningiliziwe nangendlela elula kakhulu.
Iyini le ndlala yegilo?
Kalula nje, i-thyroid iyisitho esincane, esimise okwebhabhathane esitholakala ngaphambili kwentamo yethu, kuzo zombili izinhlangothi zomphimbo. Siyingxenye yesistimu ye-endocrine yomzimba wethu. Lolu hlelo lunesibopho sokukhiqiza ama-hormone nokulawula imisebenzi ehlukahlukene emzimbeni wethu.
Ake sithi umzimba wethu ufana nenkampani enkulu. Khona-ke lolu hlelo lwe-endocrine luhlelo lokuphatha oluthumela imiyalezo eminyangweni ehlukene yaleyo nkampani. Leyo miyalezo ibizwa ngokuthi ama-hormone. I-thyroid gland ifana nomphathi obaluleke kakhulu kulolu hlelo.
Kwenzekani ngempela endlaleni ye-thyroid?
Umsebenzi oyinhloko nobaluleke kakhulu wendlala yegilo ukulawula izinga lokugaya ukudla emzimbeni wethu. Igama elithi "izinga lokugaya ukudla" lingase lizwakale njengegama lesayensi, kodwa lilula kakhulu. Lisho izinga lapho ukudla esikudlayo kuguqulwa khona kube amandla .
Cabanga ngemizimba yethu njengemoto. Ukudla esikudlayo kunguphethiloli ophethiloli leyo moto. Indlala yegilo inquma ukuthi lophethiloli ushisa ngokushesha kangakanani.
- Uma ama-hormone e-thyroid ephezulu: Uphethiloli ushisa ngokushesha. Lokho kusho ukuthi izinga lokugaya ukudla liphezulu. Amandla omzimba asetshenziswa ngokushesha.
- Uma ama-hormone e-thyroid ephansi: Uphethiloli usha kancane. Lokho kusho ukuthi izinga lokugaya ukudla liphansi. Amandla asetshenziswa kancane.
Ukuze yenze lo msebenzi, indlala yegilo ikhiqiza izinhlobo eziningana zamahomoni.
- I-Thyroxine (T4): Lena yi-hormone ekhiqizwa kakhulu yi-thyroid gland. Kodwa-ke, ayithinti ngqo i-metabolism. Uma isisegazini, le hormone ye-T4 iguqulwa ibe yi-hormone esebenza kakhulu i-T3.
- I-Triiodothyronine (T3): Nakuba ikhiqizwa ngamanani amancane kune-T4, yi-hormone ye-T3 ephethe ngokuyinhloko ukulawula izinga lokuguqulwa kwezakhi zomzimba.
- I-Calcitonin: Le hormone isiza ukulawula izinga le-calcium egazini lethu.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi indlala idinga i-iodine ukuze yenze la ma-hormone e-thyroid.Lesi sakhi sibalulekile. Sithola i-iodine eyanele ekudleni esikudlayo, ikakhulukazi usawoti wetafula one-iodine esiwusebenzisa eSri Lanka.
Ingabe i-thyroid gland yenza lokhu yodwa?
Lutho neze. Umzimba wethu uyisimiso esiyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu. Indlala yegilo nayo idinga ukuthola imiyalo evela phezulu ukuze yenze umsebenzi wayo kahle. Le miyalelo ivela ebuchosheni bethu.
1. I-Boss - I-Hypothalamus: Le ngxenye yobuchopho iyona eyinhloko. Uma ithola ukuthi amazinga e-hormone ye-thyroid aphansi, ikhipha i-hormone ebizwa ngokuthi i-TRH.
2. Umphathi - Indlala ye-pituitary: Lapho ithola umyalezo we-TRH ovela kwi-hypothalamus, indlala ye-pituitary ebuchosheni ikhipha enye i-hormone ebizwa ngokuthi i-TSH (i-Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone). Njengoba igama lisikisela, lokhu kuvuselela indlala ye-thyroid.
3. Isisebenzi - Indlala Yegilo: Uma i-TSH i-odwa, indlala yegilo ikhiqiza ama-hormone e-T4 kanye ne-T3 bese iwakhipha egazini.
Lapho amazinga e-hormone ye-thyroid egazini ebuyela esimweni esijwayelekile, le miyalezo iyayeka ukuthunyelwa. Kufana nokuthi injini endlini yakho icima ngokuzenzakalelayo lapho ithangi lamanzi ligcwele. Lena yindlela umzimba wethu ogcina ngayo amazinga e-hormone ebhalansi.
Inkinga ye-thyroid iwuthinta kanjani umzimba wonke?
Njengoba sishilo ngaphambili, ama-hormone e-thyroid athinta cishe wonke amaseli emzimbeni wethu. Ngakho-ke, uma i-thyroid gland ingasebenzi kahle, ingathinta izinhlelo eziningana emzimbeni wethu.
| Uhlelo lomzimba | Indlela umphumela owenzeka ngayo |
|---|---|
| Inhliziyo kanye nesistimu yokujikeleza kwegazi | Kuthinta izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo (ukwanda noma ukwehla), umfutho wegazi, kanye namazinga e-cholesterol. |
| Uhlelo lwezinzwa nengqondo | Uma ama-hormone ephansi, ukucindezeleka kanye nokulahlekelwa yinkumbulo kungenzeka. Uma ama-hormone ephezulu, ukukhathazeka, ukungahlaliseki kanye nokungalali kahle kungenzeka. |
| Uhlelo lokugaya ukudla | Uma ama-hormone enganele, ukuqunjelwa kungenzeka, futhi uma ama-hormone edlula kakhulu, uhudo lungenzeka. |
| Uhlelo lokuzala (owesifazane) | Kungase kube nemijikelezo yokuya esikhathini engajwayelekile, ukopha okukhulu, kanye nezinkinga zokuzala. |
| Isikhumba, izinwele nezinzipho | Izimpawu zingase zihlanganise isikhumba esomile, ukuqothuka kwezinwele, kanye nezinzipho eziqhekekayo. |
Izifo eziyinhloko ezingavela ezihlobene ne-thyroid gland
Izinguquko ekusebenzeni kwendlala yegilo zingaholela ezimweni eziningana ezinkulu zezokwelapha. Ake sibheke lezi ngokwehlukana.
1. I-Hypothyroidism – ukuntuleka kwama-hormone
Kulesi simo, indlala yegilo ayikhiqizi inani elidingekayo lamahomoni. Ngenxa yalokho, ukusebenza komzimba wethu kuyehla futhi wonke umzimba uqala ukusebenza "kancane".
Izizathu eziyinhloko:
- Isifo sikaHashimoto: Lesi yisifo esibangelwa ukuzivikela komzimba. Lokhu kusho ukuthi amasosha omzimba wethu ahlasela ngephutha indlala yegilo.
- Ukuntuleka kwe-iodine.
- Ukususwa kwendlala yegilo ngokuhlinzwa.
- Eminye imithi.
2. I-Hyperthyroidism – ukwanda kwama-hormone
Okwenzekayo lapha ukuthi indlala yegilo ikhiqiza amahomoni amaningi kunokudingekile. Lokhu kubangela ukuthi i-metabolism yomzimba wethu ikhule ngokweqile, futhi kuzwakala sengathi wonke umzimba uqala "ukugijima" ngesivinini esikhulu.
Izizathu eziyinhloko:
- Isifo sikaGraves: Lesi futhi yisifo esibangelwa ukuzivikela komzimba. Kulesi simo, amasosha omzimba avuselela kakhulu indlala yegilo.
- Amaqhubu endlaleni ye-thyroid.
- I-thyroiditis.
Nasi ithebula lokuqonda kalula umehluko omkhulu kanye nezimpawu zalezi zimo ezimbili.
| Isici | I-Hypothyroidism - ukuntuleka kwama-hormone | I-Hyperthyroidism - ukwanda kwama-hormone |
|---|---|---|
| Isisindo somzimba | Ukwanda kwesisindo ngaphandle kwesizathu. | Ukwehlisa isisindo naphezu kokudla kahle. |
| Izinga lokushisa lomzimba | Ubunzima bokubekezelela umkhuhlane. | Ubunzima bokubekezelela ukushisa, ukujuluka ngokweqile. |
| Ukushaya kwenhliziyo | Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okuhamba kancane . | Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo (ukuzwa sengathi inhliziyo yakho iyagijima). |
| Isimo sengqondo | Ukudinwa, ukucindezeleka, ukulahlekelwa inkumbulo. | Ukungahlaliseki, ukukhathazeka, ukucasuka. |
| Amandla | Ukukhathala okukhulu kanye nokozela. | Ukungalali, ukusebenza ngokweqile. |
| Isikhumba nezinwele | Isikhumba esomile, isikhumba esinamaqhubu, ukulahleka kwezinwele. | Ukuncipha kwesikhumba, ukulahleka kwezinwele. |
3. I-Goiter - ukuvuvukala kwendlala
Lokhu kusho ukuthi indlala yegilo ikhule ngendlela engavamile. Uma ubona ukuvuvukala okufana neqhubu ngaphambili kwentamo yakho, kungaba yi-goiter. Akuwona wonke umuntu one-goiter ozoba namazinga angavamile ama-hormone egilo. Ngezinye izikhathi, noma ngabe indlala ivuvukile, amazinga ama-hormone angaba ajwayelekile. Ukuntuleka kwe-iodine kuyimbangela enkulu ye-goiter.
4. Umdlavuza We-Thyroid
Uma kuqhathaniswa neminye imidlavuza, umdlavuza we-thyroid awuvamile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinhlobo eziningi zomdlavuza we-thyroid zelapheka kakhulu . Izimpawu zingase zingabonakali ezigabeni zokuqala. Kubalulekile ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha uma uhlangabezana nezimpawu ezifana neqhubu entanyeni, ukushintsha kwezwi, noma ubunzima bokugwinya.
Wazi kanjani ukuthi unenkinga ye-thyroid?
Uma unesinye noma ngaphezulu kwalezi zimpawu ezibalwe ngenhla, into engcono kakhulu ongayenza ukubona udokotela wakho. Uzokuhlola futhi, uma kudingeka, acele ukuhlolwa.
Ukuhlolwa okubaluleke kakhulu nokulula kakhulu ukuhlolwa kwegazi.
- Ukuhlolwa kwe-TSH: Lokhu kulinganisa izinga le-hormone ye-TSH ekhishwa yi-pituitary gland. Uma i-thyroid gland ingasebenzi kahle (ingakhiqizi ama-hormone anele), izinga le-TSH lizoba phezulu. Uma i-gland isebenza ngokweqile, izinga le-TSH lizoba phansi.
- Ukuhlolwa kwe-T4 kanye ne-T3: Uma kudingeka, udokotela angase futhi ancome ukuthi kulinganiswe ngqo izinga lama-hormone e-thyroid egazini.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma kukhona iqhubu noma ukuvuvukala kwendlala, kungenziwa i-ultrasound ye-thyroid .
Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha?
Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi izifo eziningi ze-thyroid zingaphathwa ngempumelelo enkulu. Ukwelashwa kuyahlukahluka kuye ngesimo.
- Nge-Hypothyroidism: I-hormone ye-thyroid ephansi emzimbeni ithathelwa indawo ngaphandle. Ngenxa yalokhu, kunikezwa iphilisi okufanele lithathwe nsuku zonke. Lokhu kwelashwa ngokuvamile kufanele kuthathwe impilo yonke, kodwa kungakusiza uphile impilo evamile ngokuphelele.
- Nge-hyperthyroidism: Kunezindlela zokwelapha ezifana nemithi yokulwa ne-thyroid, ukwelashwa nge-iodine enemisebe, noma kwezinye izimo, ukususwa kwe-gland ngokuhlinzwa (`Thyroidectomy`).
- Ngomdlavuza we-thyroid: Ukwelashwa okuyinhloko ukususwa kwe-gland ngokuhlinzwa. Lokhu kungalandelwa ukwelashwa nge-radioactive iodine noma ezinye izindlela zokwelapha uma kudingeka.
Ngisho noma indlala yegilo isusiwe ngokuphelele, ungaphila impilo enempilo ngaphandle kwezinkinga ngokuthatha iphilisi lamahomoni nsuku zonke.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-thyroid iyindlala encane, kodwa ebaluleke kakhulu entanyeni yethu elawula ukusebenza komzimba.
- Ukukhuluphala okungachazeki, ukukhathala okukhulu, ukushintshashintsha kwemizwa, noma ukushintsha kwesilinganiso senhliziyo kungaba izimpawu zenkinga ye-thyroid.
- Uma unezinye zalezi zimpawu, ungalindi bese ubona udokotela wakho ngokushesha . Ukuhlolwa kwegazi okulula kungahlonza isimo.
- Izimo eziningi ze-thyroid zingalawulwa ngempumelelo ngemithi noma ezinye izindlela zokwelapha, okuvumela abantu ukuba baphile impilo evamile nenempilo.
- Ukuthola i-iodine eyanele ngokudla okufana nosawoti one-iodine kubalulekile ukuze kube nendlala yegilo enempilo.
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