Cabanga ngenhliziyo yakho njengephampu yamanzi. Ngaphakathi kwale phampu, kuneminyango emincane esiza ukuthumela igazi ohlangothini olulodwa kuphela. Sibiza lawa ngokuthi "ama-valve." Ngezinye izikhathi omunye wale minyango ungase ungavali kahle futhi ungase uvuleke kancane. Bese kuthi, elinye igazi obekufanele ngabe liye phambili livuza emuva. Ngokufanayo, umnyango ophakathi kwamakamelo aphezulu nangaphansi ohlangothini lwesokudla lwenhliziyo yethu, i-'Tricuspid Valve', awuvali kahle futhi igazi livuza emuva, okuyilokho esikubiza ngokuthi iTricuspid Valve Regurgitation .
Kalula nje, lokhu kwenzeka kanjani?
Ukuze siqonde lesi simo kangcono, ake sibheke ukuthi i-valve ye-tricuspid enhliziyweni yethu isebenza kanjani.
I-valve ye-tricuspid ilawula ukugeleza kwegazi kusuka ekamelweni eliphezulu (Right Atrium) ohlangothini lwesokudla lwenhliziyo yethu kuya ekamelweni eliphansi (Right Ventricle). Le valve inama-flaps amathathu. Lapho inhliziyo ifinyela (systole), la ma-flaps avala ngokuqinile, avimbele igazi ukuthi libuyele ekamelweni eliphezulu. Lapho inhliziyo iphumula futhi (diastole), la ma-flaps ayavuleka, avumele igazi ukuthi ligeleze ekamelweni eliphansi.
Kodwa-ke, kumuntu one-valve ye-tricuspid evuzayo, lapho inhliziyo ifinyela, lawa ma-flap awavaleki ngokuphelele. Kusele isikhala esincane. Ngakho-ke, elinye igazi okufanele liye emaphashini livuza liphindela ekamelweni eliphezulu.
Into ebalulekile ukuthi abantu abaningi bangaba nokuvuza okuncane kakhulu (Trace/Trivial Regurgitation). Lokhu kujwayelekile, akubangeli monakalo, futhi azikho izimpawu. Kodwa-ke, uma lokhu kuvuza kuphakathi noma kukhulu, inhliziyo kufanele isebenze kanzima.
Yiziphi izinhlobo eziyinhloko zalesi simo?
Ukuvuselelwa kwevalvu ye-tricuspid kungahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko.
| Uhlobo | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| Okuyinhloko (Okuyinhloko/Okungokwemvelo) | Kulesi simo, inkinga ikuvalvu uqobo. Ivalvu ngokwayo kungenzeka ukuthi yonakele ngenxa yesici sokuzalwa naso (isb., i-Ebstein's anomaly), ukutheleleka, noma esinye isizathu. |
| Okwesibili/Okusebenzayo | Lapha, ivalvu isesimweni esihle, kodwa ngenxa yesinye isimo senhliziyo, ivalvu ayisebenzi kahle. Lolu uhlobo oluvame kakhulu. |
| Kuhlukanisiwe | Lokhu kufana nohlobo lwesibili. Kodwa-ke, imbangela eyinhloko lapha yisimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-atrial fibrillation, esibangela ukuba igumbi eliphezulu lenhliziyo likhule. Ngezinye izikhathi lokhu kungabangelwa nokufakwa kwe-pacemaker. |
Ziyini izimpawu zalesi simo?
Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, uma unesifo sokuchama okuncane, ungase ungabi nazo izimpawu. Kodwa-ke, uma isimo siba sibi noma sibi kakhulu, ungase ube nezimpawu ezithile.
Izimpawu ongase uzibone
- Ukuzizwa uphelelwa umoya ngenkathi uzivocavoca, uhamba, noma wenza umsebenzi.
- Ukuzizwa ukhathele kakhulu noma ubuthakathaka izinsuku eziningana.
- Ukuvuvukala esiswini, emaqakaleni, noma emilenzeni (i-edema) . Lokhu kwenzeka lapho inhliziyo ingakwazi ukupompa igazi kahle, okubangela ukuba amanzi aqongeleleke emzimbeni.
Izimpawu udokotela angaziqonda
- Ukububula kwenhliziyo umsindo ongajwayelekile ozwakalayo uma ulalele inhliziyo yakho nge-stethoscope.
- Ukuzwa ushintsho endleleni ukushaya kwenhliziyo yakho kushaya ngayo entanyeni noma endaweni yesibindi sakho.
Kungani lokhu kwenzeka? Yiziphi izizathu eziyinhloko?
Ezimweni eziningi, imbangela eyinhloko yalesi simo izinguquko zesakhiwo ezenzeka ohlangothini lwesokudla lwenhliziyo. Kalula nje, uma kukhona ukucindezeleka okuphezulu okuqhubekayo noma igazi eliningi eligeleza ohlangothini lwesokudla lwenhliziyo, amakamelo akulolo hlangothi (i-atrium ne-ventricle) aqala ukukhula.
Cabanga uma ukuvuleka komnyango kuba kukhulu, umnyango awukwazi ukuvala kahle. Ngokufanayo, njengoba amakamelo enhliziyo ekhula, i-annulus ebamba amapheshana e-valve nayo iyanwebeka futhi ikhule. Khona-ke amapheshana amathathu awakwazi ukuvala kahle. Lokhu yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi i-secondary regurgitation.
Izimbangela zokwanda kohlangothi lwesokudla lwenhliziyo:
- I-Atrial Fibrillation
- I-Cardiomyopathy - ubuthakathaka bemisipha yenhliziyo
- Isifo Semithambo Yenhliziyo
- Ubuthakathaka bokusebenza kohlangothi lwesobunxele lwenhliziyo (Ukwehluleka kwe-Left Ventricle)
- Umfutho wegazi ophezulu wamaphaphu
- Izinkinga ezinkulu ngama-valve e-mitral noma e-aortic enhliziyo
Akuvamile kakhulu, lokhu kuvuza kungabangelwa futhi ukulimala kwesiqu se-valve uqobo. Yilokhu esikubiza ngokuthiUkuvuza okuyinhloko .
Izimbangela ezingaba khona zomonakalo wesiqu se-valve:
- Isifo Senhliziyo Esibangelwa Yi-Rheumatic
- Ukutheleleka kwenhliziyo (i-Infectious Endocarditis)
- Ukukhubazeka kokuzalwa (isb. i-Ebstein's Anomaly)
- Izinkinga zokufaka amadivayisi afana nama-pacemaker
- Ukwelashwa ngemisebe esifubeni
- Ukulimala okukhulu esifubeni ngenxa yengozi enkulu
- Eminye imithi
Yiziphi izinkinga ezingabangelwa yilokhu?
Uma lesi simo singalashwa futhi siba sibi kakhulu, singathinta ezinye izitho zomzimba.
- Ukwehluleka Kwezinso
- Ukwehluleka Kwesibindi
- Ukwehluleka Kwenhliziyo Ohlangothini Lwesokudla
Udokotela usithola kanjani lesi sifo ngqo?
Udokotela wakho uzokuhlola kuqala. Uzolalela inhliziyo yakho nge-stethoscope futhi ahlole ukushaya kwenhliziyo yakho entanyeni nasesiswini.
Ngemuva kwalokho, isivivinyo esiyinhloko sokuqinisekisa lesi sifo ukuhlolwa kwe-echocardiography . Lokhu kufana nokuskena kwenhliziyo. Lokhu kunganquma ngokunembile izinto eziningi, njengezinga lokuvuza kwevalvu, ukuthi kukhona yini ushintsho esimweni sevalvu, nokuthi amakamelo enhliziyo akhulisiwe yini.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuhlolwa okulandelayo kungenziwa ukuthola imbangela:
- Ukuhlolwa Kwegazi
- I-X-ray yesifuba
- Ukuhlolwa kwe-ECG
- I-MRI yenhliziyo
Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha lokhu?
Ukwelashwa kuncike ebunzimeni besimo sakho kanye nembangela. Udokotela wakho uzokunikeza uhlelo lokwelashwa olufanelana nawe.
1. Ukulawula izimpawu ngemithi: Isibonelo, imithi yokukhipha isisu inganikezwa ukunciphisa ukugcinwa kwamanzi emzimbeni.
2. Ukwelapha imbangela eyisisekelo: Uma imbangela yokuvuza kungumfutho wegazi ophakeme, yelaphe, njll. Uma imbangela kuwukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo, yelaphe.
3. Ukulungiswa noma ukushintshwa kwevalvu ngokuhlinzwa: Uma isimo sibi kakhulu, kungase kudingeke ukuhlinzwa ukuze kulungiswe ivalvu noma kufakwe ivalvu entsha yokwenziwa.
4. Ukwelashwa nge-Transcatheter: Lezi izindlela zesimanje ezilungisa i-valve ngaphandle kokuhlinzwa, ngokungena enhliziyweni ngepayipi elifakwe ngomlenze noma engalweni.
Yini esingayenza ukuze sinciphise ingozi?
Nakuba lesi simo singenakuvinjelwa ngaso sonke isikhathi, ukugcina impilo enhle yenhliziyo kunganciphisa kakhulu ingozi.
- Ukudla okunempilo kwenhliziyoLandela. (Isibonelo: Ukudla KwaseMedithera)
- Zivocavoce okungenani imizuzu eyi-150 ngesonto.
- Yeka ukusebenzisa imikhiqizo kagwayi ngokuphelele.
- Yeka noma unciphise ukusetshenziswa kotshwala .
- Bona udokotela okungenani kanye ngonyaka ukuze uyohlolwa .
Kufanele ubonane nini nodokotela?
Landela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho ngqo bese uya emitholampilo ngesikhathi. Futhi, qaphela okulandelayo:
| Ithuba | Okufanele ngikwenze |
|---|---|
| Shayela udokotela wakho: | |
| Uma kuvela izimpawu ezintsha noma izimpawu ezikhona ziba zimbi kakhulu. | Isibonelo, uma unenkinga yokuphefumula noma ukuvuvukala emilenzeni yakho kuyanda. |
| Uma izimpawu zakho ziphazamisa imisebenzi yakho yansuku zonke. | Uma uzizwa ukhathele ngisho nangemva kokuhamba kancane, noma uma unenkinga yokukhuphuka izitebhisi. |
| Yiya e-Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) ngokushesha: | |
| Uma uzwa izimpawu zokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo noma isifo sohlangothi. | Okungukuthi, ubuhlungu besifuba obungazelelwe, ubunzima obukhulu bokuphefumula, kanye nokulahlekelwa ukwazi kolunye uhlangothi lomzimba. |
| Uma uwe (ikakhulukazi uma ushayeka ekhanda) ngenkathi uthatha imithi yokunciphisa igazi. | Kukhona ingozi eyengeziwe yokopha kwangaphakathi uma uthatha lolu hlobo lomuthi. |
| Ngemva kokuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo, uma inxeba lokuhlinzwa libonisa izimpawu zokutheleleka. | Okusho ukuthi, inxeba lingavuvukala, libe bomvu, noma lizwakale lishisa uma ulithinta. |
Ekuphetheni, ukubuyiselwa kwe-valve ye-tricuspid kungaba yinkinga encane kwabanye abantu, futhi kube yingozi empilweni yabanye. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthola iseluleko esifanele sezokwelapha. Udokotela wakho uzoqapha impilo yenhliziyo yakho eduze. Ngakho-ke, uma kunenkinga, ingatholakala futhi yelashwe ngaphambi kokuba ibe nkulu.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ukubuyiselwa kwevalvu ye-tricuspid kwenzeka lapho umnyango enhliziyweni ungavaleki kahle, okuvumela igazi ukuthi ligeleze emuva.
- Ukuvuza okuncane (umkhondo/okungenamsoco) abantu abaningi abanakho ngokuvamile akulona ingozi. Akudingi ukwelashwa, kodwa kubalulekile ukuba ngaphansi kokuqondisa kukadokotela.
- Uma uzwa izimpawu ezifana nobunzima bokuphefumula kanye nokuvuvukala kwemilenze yakho, kungaba yisimo esimaphakathi noma esibi kakhulu. Ngakho-ke bonana nodokotela ngokushesha.
- Lokhu kuvame ukubangelwa esinye isifo senhliziyo, ngakho-ke kubaluleke kakhulu ukwelapha leso sizathu.
- Ngokuthuthuka kwezokwelapha zesimanje, lesi simo singalawulwa kahle ngemithi, ukuhlinzwa, nezinye izindlela. Ngakho-ke ungesabi, vele ulandele iseluleko sezokwelapha esifanele.
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