Kuvamile ukuzizwa wesaba kancane futhi ukhathazekile lapho udokotela wakho ekutshela ukuthi ilungu lomndeni noma umngane udinga ukuhlinzwa kwe-bypass. Ikakhulukazi uma uzwa igama elithi "triple bypass," lokho kwesaba kungaba kukhulu nakakhulu. "Ingabe i-triple bypass iyingozi enkulu?" "Ingabe ngizokwazi ukuphila ngendlela evamile ngemva kwalokhu?" Cishe unemibuzo eminingi engqondweni yakho. Ngakho-ke, ake sixoxe ngalokhu ngendlela elula neqondakalayo ukuze sicacise konke ukukhathazeka onakho ngakho.
Kuyini ngempela ukuhlinzwa 'okuphindwe kathathu'?
Indlela engcono kakhulu yokuqonda lokhu ukucabanga ngokuminyana kwezimoto emgwaqweni. Cabanga ukuthi kunemigwaqo emithathu emikhulu lapho zonke izimoto zibhajwe khona, okudala ukuminyana okukhulu kwezimoto. Ngakho awukwazi ukufika lapho ufuna ukuya khona ngokushesha. Senzani ngalesi sikhathi? Sisebenzisa imigwaqo edlula eceleni ukuze sigweme lokho kuminyana kwezimoto, akunjalo?
Lokhu kuhlinzwa kuyafana. Imithambo yegazi eyinhloko ehlinzeka ngegazi enhliziyweni yethu (imithambo ye-coronary) ivinjiwe amafutha kanye ne-cholesterol deposits (esikubiza ngokuthi 'i-plaque'). Ekuhlinzeni 'kwe-triple bypass', kwakhiwa izindlela ezintathu ezintsha zokugeleza kwegazi, ezidlula lezi zindawo ezintathu ezivinjiwe.
Ukuze benze lokhu, odokotela abahlinzayo bathatha umthambo wegazi ophilile kwenye ingxenye yomzimba wakho (ngokuvamile ovela emlenzeni wakho, engalweni, noma esifubeni sangaphakathi) bawufake, njengendlela entsha 'yokudlula', endaweni evinjiwe enhliziyweni yakho. Lokhu kuvumela imisipha yenhliziyo ukuthi yamukele igazi ngaphandle kokuvinjelwa. Lo msebenzi ubizwa ngokwezokwelapha ngokuthi i-'Coronary Artery Bypass Graft' noma i-'CABG'.
Ubani onconywayo ukuba enze lokhu kuhlinzwa?
Lokhu kuhlinzwa kuvame ukudingwa kubantu abanesifo semithambo yenhliziyo . Akuwona wonke umuntu, kodwa kulabo abanezimo ezithile.
- Uma kukhona ukuvaleka okukhulu emithanjeni yegazi eyinhloko ehambisa igazi enhliziyweni. Isibonelo, uma imithambo yegazi engaphezu kuka-50% kwesobunxele noma imithambo yegazi engaphezu kuka-70% yegatsha ivalekile.
- Uma lokhu kuvinjelwa kubangela izimpawu ezivamile njengobuhlungu besifuba (i-angina) kanye nobunzima bokuphefumula .
- Uma usengozini enkulu yokuba nesifo senhliziyo.
- Uma ukuvaleka kuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu noma kukhulu kakhulu ukuba kungelashwa ngokwelashwa okungadingi ukungenelela okukhulu njenge-angioplasty (inqubo lapho kusetshenziswa khona ibhaluni ukwandisa umthambo bese kufakwa i-stent),
Kalula nje, ukuhlinzwa kwe-bypass kuyisisombululo esingcono kakhulu sokugcina ukusebenza kwenhliziyo ezimweni eziyinkimbinkimbi ezinokuvinjelwa okuningi.
Kwenzekani ngaphambi nangesikhathi sokuhlinzwa?
Ngemva kokunquma usuku lokuhlinzwa, udokotela wakho uzoyala ukuhlolwa okuningana ukuze ahlole kangcono isimo sakho.
| Igama lokuhlolwa | Kalula nje, ibukeka kanjani? |
|---|---|
| I-Angiogram | Hlola indawo eqondile kanye nosayizi wokuvinjelwa kwemithambo yegazi yenhliziyo. |
| I-Echocardiogram | Hlola ukusebenza kwenhliziyo, okungukuthi, ukuthi inhliziyo ishaya kahle kangakanani. |
| I-ECG/EKG | Hlola ukusebenza kukagesi kwenhliziyo kanye nesigqi sayo. |
| I-X-ray yesifuba noma i-CT scan | Hlola isimo senhliziyo namaphaphu jikelele. |
| Ukuhlolwa Kwegazi | Hlola izinto ezifana nokusebenza kwezinso kanye namazinga kashukela egazini. |
Uzokwaziswa ukuthi ugweme ukudla noma ukuphuza noma yini kusukela phakathi kwamabili ngobusuku bangaphambi kokuhlinzwa kwakho. Kungase kudingeke futhi uyeke ukuthatha imithi ethile, njengemithi yokunciphisa igazi, izinsuku ezimbalwa.
Ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa
Lokhu kuvame ukwenziwa njengokuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo okuvulekile . Ulaliswa ngokuphelele bese kuqala ukuhlinzwa. Udokotela ohlinzayo wenza ukusika okuqondile cishe ngamasentimitha angu-1.2 phansi phakathi kwesifuba sakho, ahlukanise ngokucophelela ithambo eliphakathi lesifuba sakho (sternum) libe kabili, bese efinyelela enhliziyweni. Ngemuva kwalokho, njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, umthambo wegazi ophilile othathwe emlenzeni wakho noma kwenye ingxenye yomzimba wakho usetshenziswa ukudala indlela entsha ezungeze ukuvaleka. Yonke inqubo ingathatha amahora amathathu kuya kwangu-6 .
Kwenzekani ngemva kokuhlinzwa? Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukululama?
Ngemva kokuhlinzwa, uzogcinwa egunjini lokunakekelwa okujulile (ICU) cishe usuku lonke, lapho uzoqashwa khona ngokucophelela. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, uzoba nepayipi emlonyeni wakho elizokusiza ukuphefumula, ipayipi lokukhipha uketshezi emzimbeni wakho, kanye nemishini yokuqapha izinto ezifana nokushaya kwenhliziyo yakho kanye nomfutho wegazi. Ungakhathazeki ngalezi zinto, zonke lezi yizinto ezivamile ezenzelwe inhlalakahle yakho.
Uzokwazi ukubuyela ewadini evamile ngosuku olulodwa noma ezimbili. Ungase ukwazi futhi ukuqala ukuhamba kancane kancane. Ngemva kokubuyela ekhaya, kungathatha cishe amasonto ayisithupha noma ngaphezulu ukuze ululame ngokugcwele. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukulandela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho phakathi nalesi sikhathi.
- Ukushayela: Gwema ukushayela kuze kube yilapho i-sternum yakho iphola (cishe amasonto ayi-6).
- Ukuphakamisa okunzima: Ungaphakamisi lutho olusindayo kuno-4-5 kg (isibonelo, ibhodlela lamanzi elingamalitha ama-5).
- Imithi: Imithi efana ne-'Aspirin', enikezwa ukuvimbela ukuqhekeka kwegazi, kungadingeka ithathwe impilo yonke. Eminye imithi kufanele ithathwe njengoba kuqondiswe udokotela.
- Ukuvuselelwa Kwenhliziyo: Uzokwaziswa futhi ukuthi wenze uhlelo olukhethekile lokuzivocavoca kanye nokuqeqeshwa kwendlela yokuphila ngaphansi kokuqondisa kodokotela ukuze uqinise inhliziyo yakho ngemva kokuhlinzwa. Lokhu kuyimfuneko.
Ingabe zikhona izingozi kulokhu kuhlinzwa?
Njenganoma yikuphi ukuhlinzwa okukhulu, kunezingozi. Kodwa-ke, abantu abangaphezu kuka-95% abahlinzwa nge-bypass ababi nezinkinga ezinkulu. Ingozi yokufa ingaphansi kuka-1%, ikakhulukazi ngokuhlinzwa okuhleliwe. Izinkinga ezingaba khona zifaka:
- Ukwehla kokusebenza kwezinso
- Isifo sohlangothi
- Amahlule egazi
- Ukwehluleka kwemithambo yegazi etshaliwe
- Ukutheleleka kwenxeba lokusikwa
- Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile (`I-Atrial Fibrillation`)
Izinto ezinjalo zingase zifakwe. Kodwa amathuba okuthi lokhu kwenzeke mancane kakhulu.
Kunini lapho udinga ukubonana nodokotela ngemva kokubuyela ekhaya?
Uma uba nanoma yiziphi izimpawu ezilandelayo ngemva kokubuyela ekhaya, kufanele wazise udokotela wakho ngokushesha.
- Ukopha noma ubomvu obuvela esicutshini
- Imfiva
- Ubuhlungu esilondeni buyakhula.
- Ukwanda kwesilinganiso senhliziyo
Futhi, qiniseka ukuthi uya emitholampilo futhi ubonane nodokotela ngezinsuku ezihleliwe ngemva kokuhlinzwa.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ukuhlinzwa 'okuphindwe kathathu' kuyindlela ephumelela kakhulu futhi evamile edala izindlela ezintsha zokugeleza kwegazi ngokugwema imithambo yegazi emithathu evinjiwe enhliziyweni.
- Lokhu kuvikela imisipha yenhliziyo yakho, kunciphisa izimpawu ezifana nobuhlungu besifuba, futhi kuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yokuphila kwakho.
- Kuthatha isikhathi esithile (amasonto ayisithupha noma ngaphezulu) ukululama. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, kubaluleke kakhulu ukulandela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho ngqo.
- Ukuze uphile impilo enempilo ngemva kokuhlinzwa, kubalulekile ukudla ukudla okunempilo, ukuzivocavoca njalo , nokugwema ngokuphelele ukubhema .
- Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngokukhululekile nganoma yimiphi imibuzo noma ukukhathazeka ongase ube nakho. Ukuhlala unolwazi kuzokunika amandla amaningi engqondo.
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