Wake waba nobuhlungu obukhulu emhlane, kungaba ngaphansi kwezimbambo zakho noma ohlangothini ngalunye lomhlane wakho? Noma wake wezwa ubuhlungu lapho uchama, njengokungathi awukwazi ukuchama? Ngezinye izikhathi lezi zinto zingaba izimpawu zenkinga enkulu emzimbeni wakho, yize singazinaki kakhulu. Namuhla sizokhuluma ngesimo ongase usole ngezinye izikhathi ezinjengalezi, kodwa abantu abaningi abasazi. Leso yi-Ureteral Obstruction, noma `(Ureteral Obstruction)`.
Kalula nje, kuyini ukuvimbela umgudu womchamo?
Kulungile, ukuze siqonde lokhu, ake siqale sibheke ukuthi lolu hlelo lusebenza kanjani emzimbeni wethu. Sinezinso ezimbili emzimbeni wethu, akunjalo? Umsebenzi oyinhloko walezi zinso ezimbili ukuhlunga igazi, ukuhlukanisa imfucuza engadingekile kulo, bese senza umchamo. Kufana nesihlungi samanzi.
Umchamo owakheka ngale ndlela uthwalwa usuka ezinso uye esinyeni (isitho esisisebenzisayo ukusho ukuthi sigcwele umchamo). Lawa mapayipi amabili abizwa ngokuthi "ama-Ureter". Kukhona elilodwa lenso ngayinye. Umchamo oqoqeka esinyeni ube usukhishwa emzimbeni lapho sichama.
Ake ucabange nje, kwenzekani uma leli payipi (i-Ureter) elithwala umchamo lisuka ezinso liye esinyeni livaleka noma livaleka ngesizathu esithile? Yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi i-Ureteral Obstruction. Kufana nalapho ucezu lodaka lubhajwa ngaphakathi kwepayipi lamanzi, amanzi ayayeka ukugeleza.
Uma ukugeleza komchamo kuyeka ngale ndlela, umchamo uqala ukubuyela emuva bese uqoqana ngaphakathi kwezinso. Lokhu kungabangela ukuthi izinso zivuvuke futhi zonakale. Futhi, amathuba okutheleleka aphezulu kakhulu ngenxa yomchamo ohlala endaweni eyodwa. Uma lokhu kungelashwa ngokushesha, kungaholela ezimweni ezimbi njengokwehluleka kwezinso noma ukutheleleka okukhulu (i-sepsis). Kodwa ungakhathazeki, lesi simo singatholakala futhi selashwe kusenesikhathi.
Ubani okungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi athole lesi simo?
Eqinisweni, lesi simo singavela kunoma yimuphi umuntu, kunoma ubani. Ngisho nezingane ezincane zingasithola ngenxa yezimbangela ezithile zokuzalwa nazo.
Kodwa-ke, lesi simo sivame kakhulu kwabesilisa abaneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-60. Isizathu esiyinhloko salokhu ukuthi indlala ye-prostate iyakhula njengoba sikhula. Le ndlala itholakala ngaphansi kwesinye. Ngakho-ke uma ikhula, kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi icindezele futhi ivale i-urethra.
Ziyini izimpawu zalokhu? Sikubona kanjani?
Izimpawu zokuvaleka komchamo zingahluka kumuntu nomuntu. Ziyahlukahluka kuye ngembangela yokuvaleka kanye nesivinini okwenzeka ngaso. Isibonelo, uma itshe lezinso lingena ngokuzumayo ku-urethra, ubuhlungu buba bukhulu. Kodwa-ke, uma i-urethra ivaleka kancane kancane ngenxa yesinye isizathu, izimpawu zikhula kancane kancane.
Nazi ezinye izimpawu okufanele uziqaphele:
| Isibonakaliso | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| Ubuhlungu be-Flank | Ubuhlungu obubukhali obuvela ohlangothini lwesokudla noma lwesobunxele lomhlane, ngaphansi nje kwesikhala sezimbambo. Ngezinye izikhathi lobu buhlungu bungasakazekela embotsheni. Kungaba futhi ubuhlungu obukhulu obufika budlule njengegagasi. |
| Umkhuhlane, isicanucanu, nokuhlanza | Lezi zimpawu zingase zivele uma ukuvaleka kubangela ukutheleleka. Zingase zihambisane nomuzwa wobuthakathaka. |
| Ubunzima bokuchama | Ubunzima bokuqala ukuchama, ukugeleza komchamo obuthakathaka, ukuzizwa sengathi kusekhona umchamo ngisho nangemva kokuchama. |
| Isidingo sokuphuza njalo | Isidingo sokuchama kaningi, ikakhulukazi ebusuku. |
| Ukutheleleka okuphindaphindiwe kwendlela yomchamo (UTIs) | Uma uqhubeka nokuthola izifo zomgudu womchamo naphezu kokwelashwa, imbangela ingaba ukuvaleka kwangaphakathi. |
| Igazi noma umbala omnyama emchameni | Uma umchamo ubonakala upinki, ubomvu, noma unsundu, kuwuphawu lwegazi. Uma ubonakala unamafu, kuwuphawu lokutheleleka. |
| Ukuvuvukala kwemilenze | Uma izinso zingasebenzi, amanzi anganqwabelana emzimbeni futhi abangele ukuvuvukala emilenzeni. |
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi uma unesinye noma ngaphezulu salezi zimpawu, kufanele nakanjani uzibonise kudokotela. Ngoba lezi zingaba yizimpawu zezinye izifo. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthola ukuxilongwa okunembile.
Yini ebangela ukuvaleka komgudu womchamo kanje?
Kunezizathu eziningi ezingathinta lokhu. Ezinye zingaphakathi emzimbeni, kanti ezinye zibangelwa ukucindezeleka kwangaphandle.
Izithiyo emzimbeni:
- Amatshe Omchamo: Lena imbangela evame kakhulu. Amatshe akheka ezinso ahamba nomchamo bese ebhajwa ngaphakathi kwaleli payipi elincane elibizwa ngokuthi i-ureter.
- I-Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH): Njengoba sixoxile ngaphambili, emadodeni amadala, indlala ye-prostate ingakhula futhi icindezele i-urethra.
- Izicubu Zezibazi: Izicubu zezibazi zingakheka ngaphakathi kwe-urethra ngenxa yokuhlinzwa kwangaphambilini, ukutheleleka, noma ingozi, okuvimba ukugeleza komchamo. Ngezinye izikhathi, lezi zingaba khona lapho kuzalwa.
- Izinkinga ezivela ekuzalweni:
- `Ukuvinjelwa Kwe-Ureteropelvic Junction`: Lokhu ukuvinjelwa okuzalwa nakho lapho kuhlangana khona izinso kanye ne-ureter.
- `Ureterocele`: Iqhubu elifana nebhaluni elivimba i-urethra lapho ixhuma khona nesinye.
- I-Ectopic Ureter: I-ureter inamathele endaweni engafanele esinyeni.
Izithiyo ezibangelwa ukucindezela okuvela ngaphandle komzimba:
- Amaqhubu noma ama-Cysts: Amaqhubu noma ama-cysts: Amaqhubu noma ama-cysts akhula esiswini noma endaweni ye-pelvic, kungaba umdlavuza noma ongewona umdlavuza, angaphuma e-urethra ayivimbe. (Isib: Umdlavuza wesibeletho, umdlavuza we-colon)
- Izifo zesistimu yokugaya ukudla: Izimo ezifana nesifo sikaCrohn kanye ne-diverticulitis zingabangela ukuthi amathumbu avuvuke, nokuthi ukuvuvukala kungabangela ingcindezi ku-urethra.
- Izizathu eziqondile kwabesifazane:
- Ukukhulelwa: Njengoba isibeletho sikhula ngenxa yomntwana okhulayo, i-urethra ingase icindezelwe.
- I-Endometriosis: Izicubu ezimboze ingaphakathi lesibeletho zikhula ngaphandle kwesibeletho, okubangela ukuthi zikhule zizungeze i-urethra futhi zibangele ukuvaleka.
- Ukwehla Kwesibeletho: Isibeletho singase sehle endaweni yaso evamile, okubangela ukucindezeleka kwesinye kanye ne-urethra.
Udokotela usithola kanjani lesi simo ngokunembile?
Uma uya kudokotela onezimpawu zakho, uzoqala ngokukubuza imibuzo, akuhlole, bese eyala ukuhlolwa okuningana ukuqinisekisa ukuthi unesifo.
- Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kanye nokuhlolwa komchamo: Lokhu kungahlola ukuthi izinso zakho zisebenza kanjani (ikakhulukazi izinga le-creatinine yakho) nokuthi ngabe kukhona yini ukutheleleka noma igazi emchameni wakho.
- I-Ultrasound Scan: Lokhu ukuhlolwa okulula kakhulu, okungenabuhlungu. Kungabona ngokucacile ukuthi izinso zivuvukile noma zivaliwe.
- I-CT Scan: Lokhu kungaveza izithombe ezicacile nezinobukhulu obuthathu zangaphakathi lomzimba. Lokhu kungasiza ekunqumeni ngqo ukuthi ukuvaleka kukuphi nokuthi yini ebangela lokho (isib. itshe noma iqhubu).
- Ukuskena Kwesinye: Lokhu kuhlola ukuthi isinye sakho siyaphuma ngokuphelele yini ngemva kokuchama, noma ukuthi kukhona yini umchamo osele.
Iphathwa kanjani?
Ukwelashwa kuncike embangeni yokuvaleka kwakho, ubukhulu bokuvaleka, kanye nempilo yakho iyonke. Kunezinyathelo ezimbili eziyinhloko ekwelashweni.
1. Isinyathelo sokuqala: Ukukhipha umchamo (ukususa ukuvaleka)
Into yokuqala okufanele uyenze ukukhipha umchamo oqongelelekile emzimbeni ukuze umise umonakalo ezinso. Kunezindlela eziningana zokwenza lokhu.
- I-Ureteral Stent: Ipayipi elincane neliguquguqukayo (i-stent) lifakwa ngesinyi bese lehla nge-ureter liye ezinso. Leli payipi livula ipayipi elivalekile futhi livumela umchamo ukuthi ugeleze kalula.
- I-Nephrostomy Tube: Kwezinye izimo, ithubhu elincane lifakwa ngesikhumba ngqo ezinso, lapho umchamo uqoqwa khona esikhwameni.
- Ukufakwa kwe-Catheter: Uma ukuvaleka kuseduze nesinye, kufakwa i-catheter nge-urethra iye kwesinye ukuze kukhishwe umchamo.
Into ebalulekile ukuthi lezi zindlela zinciphisa ingcindezi okwesikhashana futhi zivikele izinso. Lesi akusona isisombululo sokugcina.
2. Isinyathelo Sesibili: Selapha Imbangela Yokuvimbeka
Uma ukugeleza komchamo sekubuyiselwe, udokotela uzoqala ukwelapha imbangela eyinhloko yokuvaleka komchamo.
- Imithi: Ezimweni ezifana ne-benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), imithi inganikezwa ukunciphisa indlala noma ukukhulula imisipha eyizungezile.
- Ukuhlinzwa:Esikhathini esiningi, ikhambi elihlala njalo ukuhlinzwa. Kodwa ungesabi ukuthi "ukuhlinzwa." Ngobuchwepheshe banamuhla, isikhathi esiningi, ukuhlinzwa kwenziwa ngokusikwa okuncane (Okungangeni Kakhulu).
- Uma kuyitshe lomchamo, lingachotshozwa kusetshenziswa i-shockwave lithotripsy noma lisuswe kusetshenziswa izindlela ezifana ne-endoscopy ngokufaka ithuluzi elincane ngekhamera.
- Uma kukhona iqhubu, isibazi, noma ukuvaleka kokuzalwa, ukuhlinzwa kuzosusa leyo ngxenye bese kulungisa kabusha ipayipi.
Udokotela wakho uzochaza ngokuningiliziwe ukuthi iyiphi indlela yokwelapha efaneleka kakhulu kuwe.
Ingabe kukhona esingakwenza ukuvimbela lesi simo?
Ezinye izimbangela, ikakhulukazi izinkinga zokuzalwa, azinakuvinjelwa. Kodwa-ke, kunezinto esingazenza ukuze sinciphise ingozi yethu. Lezi zinto zingasiza ekuvimbeleni imbangela evame kakhulu, ikakhulukazi amatshe omchamo.
- Phuza amanzi amaningi: Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuphuza okungenani amalitha angu-2-3 amanzi ngosuku. Lokhu kunciphisa umchamo futhi kunciphisa ingozi yokwakheka kwamatshe.
- Gcina isisindo esinempilo: Kubalulekile ukulawula isisindo somzimba wakho.
- Nciphisa usawoti owudlayo: Nciphisa inani likasawoti owufaka ekudleni kwakho. Ukudla okusemathinini, inyama ecutshunguliwe, kanye namasosi kugcwele usawoti.
- Thola i-calcium eyanele: Abanye abantu bacabanga ukuthi ukunciphisa ukudla i-calcium kuzonciphisa ingozi yokwakheka kwamatshe. Kodwa lokho akulona iqiniso. Thola inani elidingekayo le-calcium (cishe amamiligremu ayi-1000-1200) ekudleni nsuku zonke.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ukuvaleka komchamo ukuvaleka komchamo othwala umchamo usuka ezinso uye kwesinye.
- Qaphela izimpawu ezifana nobuhlungu obukhulu ezinhlangothini zombili zomhlane, ubunzima bokuchama, kanye nomkhuhlane.
- Uma unalezi zimpawu, bona udokotela ngokushesha. Ungazinyangi noma ungazinaki.
- Imbangela eyinhloko yalokhu amatshe omchamo. Indlala enkulu, izimila, nezinkinga zokuzalwa nazo zingaba nomthelela.
- Uma kutholakale futhi kwelashwa kusenesikhathi, umonakalo wezinso ungavinjelwa futhi kungatholakala ukululama okuphelele.
- Ukuphuza amanzi amaningi nokuphila impilo enempilo kunganciphisa ingozi yokuthola ezinye izimbangela, njengamatshe omchamo.
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