Ingabe ama-valve enhliziyo yakho anciphile? Ake sixoxe nge-valvuloplasty!

Inhliziyo yethu ifana namakamelo amane endlini. Kuneminyango phakathi kwala makamelo evumela igazi ukuthi ligeleze liye phambili naphambili. Sibiza lawa ngokuthi "ama-Heart Valve". Ngezinye izikhathi le minyango ayivuli kahle futhi iba mincane. Ngemuva kwalokho inhliziyo kufanele isebenze kanzima ukupompa igazi. Namuhla sikhuluma ngendlela yokwelapha esebenzisa into efana nebhaluni ukwandisa i-valve emincane.

Kuyini ngempela i-valvuloplasty?

Kalula nje, i-Valvuloplasty inqubo enweba noma ekhulisa ivalvu yenhliziyo encishisiwe. Lokhu kwenzelwa ukuvimba ukuvaleka kwegazi lapho ivalvu yenhliziyo ingasebenzi kahle.

Lokhu kubizwa nangokuthi 'i-Balloon Valvuloplasty'. Isizathu salokhu ukuthi lapho udokotela wakho enza lokhu kwelashwa, usebenzisa ipayipi elincane kakhulu ('i-Catheter') elinebhaluni elincane elinamathiselwe ekugcineni. Leli payipi lidluliselwa ku-valve encane enhliziyweni yakho bese ibhaluni ligcwala umoya. Bese i-valve encane iyanda, ivumela igazi ukuthi ligeleze kalula futhi.

Abanye abantu bakubiza lokhu ngokuthi 'i-Valvotomy'. Lokhu kwelashwa kwebhaluni kubizwa nangokuthi 'ukuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo evulekile' ukuze kwandiswe ivalvu. Kodwa namuhla sikhuluma ngendlela yebhaluni engeyona eyokuhlinzwa.

Kukuziphi izimo lapho lokhu kwelashwa kudingeka khona?

I-Valvuloplasty inqubo eyenziwa ukwandisa ivalvu yenhliziyo uma incishisiwe (stenosis). Le nqubo ingenziwa kunoma yiliphi lamavalvu amane enhliziyweni yethu. Kodwa-ke, ivame ukwenziwa kumavalvu amabili, i-Mitral ne-Aortic.

Uzilungiselela kanjani ngaphambi kokwelashwa?

Udokotela wakho uzokunikeza imiyalelo ecacile yokuthi ungakulungiselela kanjani lokhu. Ngokuvamile, kuzodingeka wenze okulandelayo:

• Ungadli noma uphuze lutho ngobusuku obandulela ukwelashwa (ukuzila ukudla).
• Uma uthatha noma yimiphi imithi, njengemithi yokuvimbela ukugabha kwegazi, yeka ukuyiyeka njengoba kuqondiswe udokotela wakho.
• Shiya ubucwebe bensimbi kanye namazinyo okufakelwa asuswayo ekhaya.

Uma uya esibhedlela, ithimba lezokwelapha lizokunikeza umuthi (`i-anesthesia`) ukukusiza uphumule. Esikhathini esiningi, uzobe uphapheme phakathi nalokhu kwelashwa, kodwa bazokwenza konke okusemandleni abo ukuqinisekisa ukuthi awuzizwa ungakhululekile.

Indlela ukwelashwa okusebenza ngayo isinyathelo ngesinyathelo

Lokhu kwelashwa kwenziwa udokotela wenhliziyo. Ngokuvamile kuthatha ihora noma ngaphezulu. Nazi ezinye izinto ezenzeka ngesikhathi sokwelashwa:

1. Ipayipi elincane kakhulu (umgobo) lifakwa ngomthambo wegazi omkhulu embotsheni yakho, engalweni, noma ehlombe.

2. Ngemuva kwalokho, i-catheter enebhaluni elingavuthwanga ekugcineni idluliselwa enhliziyweni ngepayipi elifakwe ngaphambili.

3. Le catheter iqondiswa endaweni efanele, bese kufakwa uketshezi olukhethekile (udayi ohlukile) ngenkathi kubhekwa kusetshenziswa ubuchwepheshe bokuthwebula izithombe njenge-X-ray.

4. Uma i-catheter ifika ku-valve encishisiwe, ibhaluni ligcwala umoya. I-valve encishisiwe ibe isivuleka.

5. Ngemuva kwalokho, umoya osebhaluni uyancishiswa bese kususwa i-catheter nebhaluni.

6. Ekugcineni, indawo yokufaka i-catheter ivalwa ngesithungo esincane noma uhlobo olukhethekile lweglue.

Ngezinye izikhathi, uma kunengozi yokopha, igobolondo elalifakwe ekuqaleni lingashiywa endaweni yalo cishe amahora ayisithupha.

Yiziphi izinzuzo nezingozi?

Njenganoma yikuphi ukwelashwa kwezokwelapha, kunezinzuzo kanye nezingozi. Kubalulekile ukuqonda kahle kokubili.

Izici ezithile eziyingozi ezikuthintayo zincike empilweni yakho iyonke, ngakho-ke khuluma nodokotela wakho ngalokhu futhi ubuze noma yimiphi imibuzo ongase ube nayo.

Isikhathi sokululama ngemva kokwelashwa

Ngemva kokwelashwa, uzoyiswa endaweni yokululama. Ibhandeji lizobekwa phezu kwendawo yokufaka i-catheter.

Isikhathi esichithwe esibhedlela

Uma i-catheter ifakiwe nge-groin, ngeke uvunyelwe ukugoba umlenze wakho amahora amaningana. Kuzodingeka uhlale embhedeni amahora amabili kuya kwayisithupha. Kuzodingeka uphuze uketshezi oluningi ukusiza idayi esetshenzisiwe iphume emzimbeni wakho ngokushesha. Uma udinga ukuchama phakathi nalesi sikhathi, kuzodingeka usebenzise idivayisi ekhethekile (umchamo/i-bedpan). Ngemva kwamahora ambalwa, uzokwazi ukuvuka uhambe. Iningi labantu lingaya ekhaya ngosuku olulandelayo.

Ngemva kokubuyela ekhaya

Isikhathi sokululama sincike ezintweni ezifana nempilo yakho iyonke.

• Kufanele ugweme umsebenzi onzima nokubhukuda izinsuku ezinhlanu kuya kweziyisikhombisa.
• Iningi labantu lingabuyela emsebenzini cishe ngesonto, kodwa uma umsebenzi wakho udinga ukuzikhandla ngokomzimba, kungase kudingeke ulinde isikhashana.
• Kungathatha cishe amasonto ayisishiyagalombili ukubuyela empilweni yakho evamile.
• Kuzoba nokulandelela ezinyangeni ezi-3-6 ngemuva kokwelashwa. Ngemva kwalokho, kufanele ubonane nodokotela kanye ngonyaka.

Isikhathi sokufonela udokotela ngokushesha

Ngemva kokubuyela ekhaya, uma uba nanoma yiziphi izimpawu ezilandelayo, kufanele ushayele udokotela wakho ucingo ngokushesha . Kwezinye izimo, kungadingeka uye eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) wesibhedlela esiseduze.

• Ubuhlungu besifuba
• Ukugodola noma umkhuhlane
• Ukuzizwa unesizungu noma ukuphelelwa amandla (`Syncope`)
• Uketshezi noma ukuphuma kwegazi endaweni yokufaka i-catheter
• Isicanucanu noma ukuhlanza
• Uma ubuhlungu noma ukuvuvukala kuba kubi kakhulu
• Uma isisindo somzimba wakho sikhuphuka ngaphezu kwama-1.5 kg (3 lbs) ngosuku

Uma kukhulunywa ngokuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo, kuvamile ukuzizwa ukhathazekile kancane, noma ngabe akuyona indlela evulekile yokuhlinzwa. I-Valvuloplasty ingakusiza ukuthi uhlehlise ukuhlinzwa kokushintsha ivalvu yenhliziyo. Kodwa akuyona indlela yokwelapha eyodwa efanelana nazo zonke. Udokotela wakho uzohlola isimo sakho futhi anqume ukuthi yini engcono kakhulu kuwe.