Ngezinye izikhathi udokotela wakho angase akucele ukuthi uhlolwe ubuchopho ngoba uphethwe yikhanda elibuhlungu, ukulahlekelwa ingqondo ngokuzumayo, noma ezinye izimpawu ezingavamile. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi kungase kube nezinkinga ezingatholakali ukuhlolwa okuvamile, ikakhulukazi emithanjeni yegazi ebucayi ebuchosheni bakho. Yilapho udokotela wakho angase akuncome khona ukuhlolwa okukhethekile okubizwa ngokuthi i-'Cerebral Angiogram'.
Kalula nje, iyini i-cerebral angiogram?
I-'Cerebral Angiogram' ukuhlolwa okukhethekile kwe-X-ray okubheka imithambo yegazi (imithambo yegazi) ebuchosheni bakho, ekhanda, noma entanyeni nokuthi igazi ligeleza kanjani kuyo. Ibizwa nangokuthi i-'Cerebral Angiography'.
Cabanga ngalokhu, kufana nokusebenzisa ikhamera yedrone ukuze ubone kusukela phezulu ukuthi izimoto zihamba kanjani emigwaqweni yedolobha, lapho imigwaqo iminyene khona, nalapho imigwaqo imincane khona. Kodwa lapha, sibheka uhlelo lwemithambo yegazi ebuchosheni bakho.
Inqubo ilula kakhulu. Udokotela uvame ukufaka ipayipi elincane (i-catheter) emthanjeni omkhulu embotsheni noma engalweni yakho. Bese kuthi, ngepayipi, kufakwe uketshezi olukhethekile olubizwa ngokuthi idayi yokungafani emzimbeni wakho. Njengoba idayi ihamba negazi lakho emzimbeni wakho wonke, ikakhulukazi ngemithambo yegazi ebuchosheni bakho, yenza leyo mithambo yegazi ibonakale imhlophe ezithombeni ze-X-ray. Udokotela angabe esebona ukuthi kukhona yini izinkinga ngemithambo yegazi yakho.
Kungani udinga ukwenza lolu vivinyo?
Udokotela wakho uvame uku-oda lokhu kuhlolwa uma ezinye izivivinyo (ezifana ne-CT noma i-MRI scan) zingakacaci. Kungabona ukukhubazeka okuhlukahlukene emithanjeni yegazi ebuchosheni bakho.
Umgomo oyinhloko walolu vivinyo ukuthola ngokunembile ukuthi kukhona yini ukuvaleka, ukuvuvukala, noma enye inkinga emithanjeni yegazi ebuchosheni.
Bheka ithebula elingezansi ukuze ubone ukuthi yiziphi izimo ezingatholakala kulokhu.
| Isimo esibonakalayo | Kalula nje... |
|---|---|
| I-Aneurysm | Udonga lomthambo wegazi luba buthakathaka futhi luvuvukale njengebhaluni. |
| I-Stenosis / I-Atherosclerosis | Izinto ezifana ne-cholesterol ziyanqwabelana futhi zibangele ukuthi imithambo yegazi ibe mincane noma ibe mincane. |
| I-Vasculitis | Imithambo yegazi iyavuvukala, ivuvuke, futhi ibe mncane. |
| Ukukhubazeka kwemithambo yegazi | Imithambo yegazi ibonakala ihlangene ngendlela engavamile njengebhola lentambo. |
| I-Thrombosis | Kuvela ihlule legazi bese linamathela emthanjeni wegazi. |
| I-Vasospasm | Imithambo yegazi iyancipha ngokuzumayo, ivimbele ukugeleza kwegazi. |
| Ukuvinjelwa Okuphelele | Umthambo wegazi uvalekile ngokuphelele. |
Ingabe zikhona izingozi zalolu vivinyo?
Njenganoma yikuphi ukuhlolwa kwezokwelapha, kunezingozi ezincane ezihilelekile. Kodwa udokotela wakho uncoma lokhu kuhlolwa ngoba izinzuzo zidlula kakhulu izingozi . Ungesabi ngakho. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukuqaphela izingozi .
Izingozi eziyinhloko yilezi:
- Ukuchayeka emisebeni: Lokhu ukuhlolwa kwe-X-ray, ngakho-ke uzochayeka emisebeni ethile. Kodwa-ke, leli nani lingaphakathi kwemingcele ephephile.
- Ukungezwani Nombala Ohlukile:Abanye abantu bangase babe nomzimba ongezwani nalo mbala. Uma uke waba nomzimba ongezwani nalo mbala ngaphambili noma unesifo sofuba kunoma yini enye (ikakhulukazi i-iodine, ukudla kwasolwandle), kufanele utshele udokotela wakho nakanjani.
- Umphumela ezinso: Uma usuvele unesifo sezinso, izinso zakho zingase zibe nobunzima bokususa le dayi emzimbeni wakho.
- Ukopha noma amahlule egazi: Kungase kube nokopha noma ukuklwebheka endaweni lapho kubhotshozwa khona. Kukhona futhi nengozi yokuqhekeka kwegazi.
Akuvamile kakhulu, okungukuthi, akuvamile kakhulu , izinkinga ezinkulu ezifana nalezi zingavela:
- I-TIA (Ukuhlasela Kwe-Ischemic Okwesikhashana): Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi 'i-mini stroke'. Izimpawu ziyanyamalala ngemva kwesikhashana.
- Isifo sohlangothi: Kungabangelwa ukuqhekeka kwegazi okuvalekile emthanjeni wobuchopho.
- Ubunzima bokukhuluma (i-Aphasia)
- I-Hematoma (ukuqongelela kwegazi endaweni yokubhoboza)
Kungenxa yalezi zingozi ukuthi udokotela abuze ngomlando wakho wezempilo ophelele ngaphambi kokuhlolwa.
Uzilungiselela kanjani ngaphambi kokuhlolwa?
Ukulungiselela lokhu akunzima kangako. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukulandela imiyalelo kadokotela ngokucophelela.
Izinto okudingeka uzitshele udokotela
Qiniseka ukuthi uxoxa ngalezi zinto nodokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuhlolwa.
- Noma yikuphi ukungezwani komzimba onakho: Ikakhulukazi uma une-allergy kudayi wokwehlukanisa umbala, i-iodine, i-shellfish, noma yimiphi imithi, i-latex, noma i-tape.
- Uma ukhulelwe noma uhlela ukukhulelwa, kufanele nakanjani ukusho lokho.
- Uma unenkinga yokopha.
- Kufanele utshele udokotela wakho ngayo yonke imithi oyiphuzayo, ikakhulukazi imithi yokunciphisa igazi noma imithi yokunciphisa igazi, njenge-aspirin ne-warfarin.
Amanye amalungiselelo
- Ukudla Nokuphuza: Uzovame ukwelulekwa ukuthi ungadli noma uphuze (uzile ukudla) amahora ambalwa ngaphambi kokuhlolwa.
- Imithi: Eminye imithi, njengemithi yokunciphisa igazi, kungadingeka iyekwe ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokuhlolwa. Udokotela wakho uzokuchazela konke lokhu.
- Umsizi: Unganikwa umuthi omncane wokudambisa ukuze uzole ngaphambi kokuhlolwa. Kuzokwenza uzizwe ulele kancane, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuthi ulethe umuntu ozokuthatha akuyise ekhaya.
- Ezinye izivivinyo: Ungase futhi unikezwe ukuhlolwa kwegazi okuncane kusengaphambili ukuze kuhlolwe isikhathi sokujiya kwegazi lakho, ukuze kuncishiswe ingozi yakho.
Yini okufanele ngiyenze ngemva kokuhlolwa?
Ngemva kokuphela kokuhlolwa, uzogcinwa esibhedlela amahora ambalwa ukuze uhlolwe.
- Ukuphumula: Kuye ngokuthi inaliti ifakwe kuphi, ungase utshelwe ukuthi ulale embhedeni amahora ambalwa, ngaphandle kokunyakaza ingalo noma umlenze wakho.
- Ubuhlungu: Uma kukhona ubuhlungu obuncane noma ukuvuvukala endaweni yokujova, udokotela uzoncoma ukuthi ufake iphakethe leqhwa noma uthathe umuthi wokuqeda izinhlungu.
- Ukudla noketshezi: Ngaphandle kokuthi udokotela wakho ekuyalele ngenye indlela, ungadla ngendlela evamile. Kodwa-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuphuza amanzi amaningi. Lokhu kuzosiza idayi ukuthi iphume emzimbeni wakho ngokushesha emchameni wakho.
- Umsebenzi: Ngokuvamile ungaqhubeka nemisebenzi evamile zingakapheli amahora angu-8-12. Kodwa-ke, kuyalulekwa ukugwema imisebenzi enzima, njengokuphakamisa izinto ezisindayo, usuku olulodwa noma ezimbili.
Uma unalezi zimpawu, shayela udokotela wakho ngokushesha.
Kujwayelekile ukuba nokulimala okuncane endaweni lapho kubhotshozwe khona. Kodwa-ke, uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izimpawu ezingezansi, ungakuzibi. Shayela udokotela wakho ngokushesha. Uma kwenzeka isimo esiphuthumayo, iya eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) wesibhedlela esiseduze.
- Lezi izinguquko ezingalweni noma emlenzeni lapho inaliti ifakwe khona: izinguquko zokushisa (ukuzizwa ubanda kakhulu noma ushisa kakhulu), izinguquko zombala, ubuhlungu obandayo, ukungakhululeki, noma umuzwa wokuba ndikindiki kuleyo ngalo/umlenze.
- Uma unomkhuhlane noma ubanda futhi uzizwa uqhaqhazela .
- Uma indawo yokubhoboza iba buhlungu, ibomvu, ivuvukele, ukopha kuyanda , noma uma kuphuma uketshezi olufana nobovu.
- Uma unenkinga yokukhuluma noma ukushintsha kombono .
- Uma uzizwa unesizungu noma ubuthakathaka bemisipha .
- Uma uzwa ubuhlungu esifubeni noma ubunzima bokuphefumula .
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-'Cerebral Angiogram' iwukuhlolwa kwe-X-ray okubaluleke kakhulu, okukhethekile okuhlola isimo semithambo yegazi ebuchosheni.
- Lokhu kusiza ekuxilongeni ngokunembile izimo ezibucayi ezifana nokuvaleka kwemithambo yegazi ebuchosheni, ukuvaleka kwegazi, kanye nokuncipha kwemithambo yegazi ebuchosheni.
- Qiniseka ukuthi utshela udokotela wakho ngakho konke ukungezwani komzimba kwakho, izimo zempilo, kanye nemithi oyiphuzayo ngaphambi kokuhlolwa.
- Nakuba kunengozi encane, njengakuyo yonke ivivinyo lezokwelapha, udokotela uyakutusa lokhu ngoba izinzuzo zidlula kakhulu izingozi.
- Landela imiyalelo enikezwe ngemva kokuhlolwa ngqo. Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izimpawu ezingavamile, funa iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha.
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