So ɛtɔ mmere bi a wote nka sɛ wo home yɛ wo yaw, anaasɛ wuhu sɛ mframa bɔ wo denam antweri bi a wobɛforo ara kwa so? So woredi ɔfe a ɛkɔ so daa ho dwuma? Anaasɛ ebia wuhu nnyigyei bi a ɛyɛ hu bere a worehome no? Sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ na yɛate nea ebia ɛde saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi ba no ase no, yɛn nnuruyɛfo taa de wɔn ho to adwinnade ketewaa bi a ɛho hia a ɛyɛ nwonwa so. Ɛnnɛ, yɛrebɛka spirometer no ho asɛm . Bere a ebia edin no bɛyɛ te sɛ nea ɛyɛ hu no, nokwarem no, ɛyɛ mfiri a ɛyɛ tẽẽ yiye a wɔde hwehwɛ yare mu.
Dɛn ne spirometer? Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a...
Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, spirometer yɛ afiri ketewaa bi a ɛkyerɛ sɛnea w’ahurututu reyɛ adwuma yiye. Sɛnea wɔde ɔhyew kyerɛwtohɔ di dwuma de susuw wo nipadua mu hyew no, saa ara na wɔde spirometer di dwuma de hwɛ w’ahurututu akwahosan.
Nhwehwɛmu no susuw mframa dodow a w’ahurututu betumi akura mu ne sɛnea wubetumi de ahoɔden ahome saa mframa no mu titiriw. Saa nsɛm yi ma wo duruyɛfo hu mmerɛwyɛ anaa tebea biara a ebetumi aba w’ahurututu mu. Biribiara nni hɔ a ɛsɛ sɛ wosuro; saa sɔhwɛ yi yɛ ɔkwan a ɛboa ara kwa a wobɛfa so ate wo ɔhome akwahosan ase yiye.
Ɔkwan bɛn so na wɔyɛ spirometry sɔhwɛ?
Saa sɔhwɛ yi yɛ mmerɛw yiye sɛ wɔbɛyɛ na ɛnyɛ yaw.
Woresiesie wo ho ama wo sɔhwɛ...
Wo duruyɛfo bɛma wo akwankyerɛ kakraa bi a ɛnyɛ den ansa na woafi ase.
- Ebia wɔbɛka akyerɛ wo sɛ gyae nnuru bi (titiriw nnuru a wɔde home) nom nnɔnhwerew kakraa bi ansa na wɔayɛ nhwehwɛmu no. Wo duruyɛfo bɛma wo akwankyerɛ pɔtee wɔ eyi ho.
- Sɛ woyɛ obi a ɔnom sigaret a , ɛsɛ sɛ wokwati sigaretnom ansa na woayɛ sɔhwɛ no.
- Kwati sɛ wubedi aduan a emu yɛ duru ansa na woaba. Aduan a emu nyɛ duru na ɛyɛ nea ɛfata ye.
- Ɛyɛ papa sɛ wobɛhyɛ ntade a ɛyɛ mmerɛw na ɛyɛ fɛ a ɛmma wo koko anaa wo home nsiw wo kwan.
- Wɔhyɛ nyansa nso sɛ kwati caffeine , te sɛ kɔfe anaa tii, bere tiaa bi ansa na wɔayɛ oprehyɛn no.
Dɛn na ɛba bere a wɔreyɛ sɔhwɛ no?
Momma yɛnbom nkɔfa ɔkwan a wɔfa so yɛ no mu.
1. Nea edi kan no, wɔbɛka akyerɛ wo sɛ tena nkongua so tẽẽ.
2. Ɔyarehwɛfo anaa mfiridwumayɛfo bi de biribi ketewaa bi bɛto wo hwene so. Eyi hwɛ hu sɛ wobɛhome denam w’ano nkutoo na ɛmma mframa ntumi mfi wo hwene mu. Ebia ɛbɛyɛ te sɛ nea ɛyɛ soronko kakra, nanso ɛnyɛ yaw.
3. Nea edi hɔ no, wɔbɛma wo ano aduru ketewaa bi a wode bɛhyɛ w’anom. Wɔde eyi bata spirometer afiri no ho. Ɛsɛ sɛ woyɛ nsɔano a emu yɛ den a w’anofafa twa ano aduru no ho hyia na ama mframa biara mfi mu.
4. Afei ma ɔfã titiriw no. Wode ahome kakraa bi a wobɛhome sɛnea ɛsɛ so na efi ase.
5. Afei, wɔbɛka akyerɛ wo sɛ home a emu dɔ sen biara a wubetumi na, wɔ mpofirim, tumi biako mu, bɔ saa mframa no nyinaa kɔ afiri no mu. Fa no sɛ ɛte sɛ awodadi kyɛnere pii a wobɛbɔ prɛko pɛ anaasɛ wobɛbɔ balloon mu. Ɛsɛ sɛ wohome denneennen na wohom ntɛmntɛm sɛnea wubetumi kosi sɛ w’ahurututu mu da mpan.
6. Bere a worebɔ no, adwumayɛfo no bɛhyɛ wo nkuran denam nsɛm te sɛ, “Ɛyɛ den! Kɔ so kɔ! Kakra! Kɛse!”
7. Wɔbɛka akyerɛ wo sɛ san yɛ saa adeyɛ yi mpɛn kakraa bi na ama woahwɛ ahu sɛ akenkan ahorow no hyia na ɛyɛ nokware.
Sɔhwɛ no nyinaa gye bɛyɛ simma 15 kosi 30. Ebia wobɛte nka sɛ woabrɛ kakra anaasɛ wo ti ayɛ wo hare kakra wɔ ɛno akyi, nanso ɔkwan a wɔfa so yɛ no ankasa nyɛ yaw.
Dɛn ankasa na spirometer no resusuw?
Ebia woresusuw nea saa data yi ka kyerɛ yɛn ankasa ho. Spirometer no susuw nneɛma atitiriw pii a ɛkyerɛ ahurututu mu akwahosan. Nneɛma atitiriw no ni:
- FVC (Forced Vital Capacity): Eyi gyina hɔ ma mframa dodow a ɛsen biara a wubetumi de ahoɔden ayi. Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, ɛyɛ mframa dodow a w’ahurututu betumi apia afi mu bere a woahome a emu dɔ sen biara awie no nyinaa. Eyi boa wo duruyɛfo ma ɔte tumi a wo...ahrawa .
- FEV1 (Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 second): Eyi kyerɛ mframa dodow a wubetumi ahome wɔ sɔhwɛ no sekan a edi kan koraa no mu. Eyi yɛ susudua a ɛho hia efisɛ ɛboa oduruyɛfo no ma ohu biribiara a asiw anaasɛ ɛyɛ teateaa wɔ wo ahurututu mu ntini mu. Sɛ wo mframa kwan no siw a, mframa dodow a wɔpam wɔ saa sekan a edi kan no mu no so bɛtew kɛse.
- FEV1/FVC Ratio: Eyi ne ɔha biara mu nkyem a wonya denam wo FEV1 bo a wobɛkyekyɛ mu denam wo FVC so no so. Ɛma wunya nhumu foforo wɔ w’ahurututu akwahosan ne sɛnea wo mframa kwan no bue ho.
Saa gyinapɛn ahorow yi boa wo duruyɛfo ma ohu sɛ ebia w’ahurututu dwumadi wɔ nea ɛfata mu, anaasɛ sɛ ɛho hia sɛ wɔyɛ nhwehwɛmu foforo anaa.
Dɛn nti na yehia spirometry sɔhwɛ?
Nneɛma pii nti na ebia wo duruyɛfo bɛkamfo nhwehwɛmu yi akyerɛ.
Sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ na woahu tebea horow no:
Wɔde kyerɛ nyarewa ahorow a ɛfa ahurututu ho.
- Asthma : Saa nhwehwɛmu yi yɛ nea wɔahyɛ da ayɛ sɛ wosusuw sɛ obi anya ayamtu a.
- COPD ( Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ): Saa tebea yi abu so wɔ wɔn a wɔnom sigaret bere tenten anaa wɔn a wɔde wɔn ho hyɛ mfutuma, wusiw, ne nnuru a ɛhyɛ abufuw mu wɔ adwumam no mu. Ɛka tebea horow te sɛ Emphysema ne Chronic Bronchitis ho .
- Cystic Fibrosis: Awosu mu tebea bi a ɛka ahurututu ne nipadua no afã afoforo.
- Pulmonary Fibrosis: Tebea a ɛma ahurututu mu ntini yɛ akuru na ɛyɛ den, na ɛma ɛyɛ den sɛ ahurututu no bɛhuru yiye.
Sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a wobɛhwɛ tebea horow a ɛwɔ hɔ dedaw no:
Sɛ worenya ahurututu mu yare bi ho ayaresa dedaw a, bere ne bere mu spirometry boa ma wuhu sɛ ebia w’aduru no reyɛ adwuma yiye ne sɛ ebia wo tebea no gyina anaasɛ ɛresakra.
Ansa na wɔbɛyɛ oprehyɛn no:
Ansa na wɔbɛyɛ oprehyɛn kɛse no, nhwehwɛmu yi ho hia na ama woahwɛ ahu sɛ w’ahurututu akwahosan dɔɔso ma oprehyɛn no.
Sɛ wopɛ sɛ wohwɛ sɛ adwuma mu ahurututu asɛe anaa:
Sɛ woyɛ adwuma wɔ mmeae a asiane kɛse wɔ te sɛ mmeae a wotu fam, mmeae a wotu abo, anaa nnuruyɛbea ahorow a, sɔhwɛ yi boa ma wohwɛ sɛ mfutuma anaa nnuru a wode wo ho bɛhyɛ mu no asɛe w’ahurututu dwumadi anaa.
So wowɔ saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi?
Sɛ wuhyia nea edidi so yi a, wo duruyɛfo betumi akamfo akyerɛ sɛ wɔnyɛ spirometry nhwehwɛmu:
- Ɔfe a ɛkɔ so daa
- Ɔhome a ɛyɛ tiaa , titiriw bere a ɔreyɛ apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ
- Nkate a ɛte sɛ nea ɛyɛ den anaasɛ ɛyɛ mmerɛw wɔ koko mu
- Wheezing (nnyigyei a ɛyɛ abɛn bere a worehome) .
Ɔkwan bɛn so na wɔte nea efi sɔhwɛ yi mu ba no ase?
Sɛ wowie wo nhwehwɛmu no a, wo duruyɛfo no bɛkyerɛ nea efi mu ba (te sɛ FVC ne FEV1) ase denam nea ɔde bɛtoto gyinapɛn ahorow a egyina wo mfe, wo tenten, wo bɔbeasu, ne abusuakuw so ho no so . Nea enti a ɛte saa ne sɛ mfaso biako biara nni hɔ a “ɛyɛ pɛ” ma obiara; sɛ nhwɛso no, ɛsono sɛnea abofra ahurututu mu tumi yɛ kɛse wɔ ɔpanyin de ho.
"Fa eyi te sɛ sukuu amanneɛbɔ krataa. Sɛ dodow no sua sen sɛnea wohwɛ kwan a, mma wo ho nnyɛ wo hu. Saa data yi boa yɛn ara ma yehu nea ɛde ba no ntini sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a yebetumi de ayaresa a ɛfata ama w'ahiade pɔtee bi."
Sɛ nea efi mu ba no sua sen nea ɛfata a, ebetumi akyerɛ sɛ asɛm bi wɔ w’ahurututu mu. Eyi betumi ayɛ nea esiw kwan (baabi a mframa kwan no mu yɛ teateaa, sɛnea wohu wɔ ayamtu anaa COPD mu) anaasɛ anohyeto(baabi a ahurututu no ntumi ntrɛw koraa, sɛnea wohu wɔ tebea horow te sɛ ahurututu mu ntini a ɛyɛ mmerɛw mu no). Wo duruyɛfo a ɔwɔ Nirogi Lanka no bɛkyerɛkyerɛ nea nea efi mu ba no kyerɛ ma wo no mu pɛpɛɛpɛ.
Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, wo duruyɛfo betumi afa afiri a wɔde home (a wonim no sɛ bronchodilator , a ɛboa ma wo mframa kwan bue) so bɛma wo aduru na waka akyerɛ wo sɛ san nyɛ nhwehwɛmu no bio wɔ simma kakraa bi akyi. Eyi yɛ sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a wobɛhwɛ sɛ ebia w’ahurututu mu dwumadi tu mpɔn wɔ nnuru a ɛboa titiriw wɔ tebea horow te sɛ ayamtu a wubehu mu no ho.
So asiane anaa nsunsuanso bɔne bi wɔ hɔ?
Mpɛn pii no, eyi yɛ adeyɛ a ahobammɔ wom yiye.
Nanso, esiane sɛ wɔhwehwɛ sɛ wobɔ mframa denneennen nti, ebia nnipa binom behu bere tiaa bi sɛ:
- Ti a ɛyɛ hare
- Ahome a ɛyɛ tiaa
- Ɔfefe
- Ɔbrɛ a ɛnyɛ den
Mpɛn pii no, saa nkate ahorow yi brɛ ase wɔ bere tiaa bi mu.
Yɛsrɛ sɛ hyɛ no nsow: Sɛ nnansa yi ara woanya komayare, wɔayɛ w’ani oprehyɛn kɛse, wɔayɛ wo yafunu anaa wo koko oprehyɛn nnansa yi, anaasɛ mogya mmoroso a wontumi nni so , ebia wo duruyɛfo besi gyinae sɛ ɔbɛtwe nhwehwɛmu no akɔ akyiri. Ɛho hia sɛ wode w’akwahosan tebea ne nnuru a wonom mprempren no ho abakɔsɛm a edi mu ma wo duruyɛfo.
Henanom na wɔtaa hia spirometry nhwehwɛmu?
Sɛnea yɛaka no, sɔhwɛ yi ho hia titiriw ma:
- Wɔn a wɔnom sigaret mprempren anaa kan no.
- Ankorankoro a wɔrenya sɛnkyerɛnne te sɛ ɔfe a enni sabea, ahurututu, ahome a ɛyɛ tiaa, anaa wɔn koko a ɛyɛ den.
- Wɔn a wɔwɔ abusua abakɔsɛm mu ahurututu mu yare (te sɛ ayamtu anaa COPD).
- Nnipa a wɔde wɔn ho hyɛɛ mfutuma anaa nnuru a ɛhyɛ abufuw mu wɔ wɔn adwumam.
- Ayarefo a wɔresiesie wɔn ho ama oprehyɛn ahorow bi.
Ahosiesie a wobɛyɛ ama wo sɔhwɛ: Nhwehwɛmu a wɔyɛ no ntɛm
- Hyɛ ntade a ɛyɛ fɛ na ɛnyɛ den.
- Di wo duruyɛfo akwankyerɛ a ɛfa nnuru biara a ɛsɛ sɛ wonom anaa wokwati ho akyi.
- Kwati sigaretnom nnɔnhwerew pii ansa na woayɛ sɔhwɛ no.
- Nni aduan kɛse anaa nea emu yɛ duru ansa na woadi.
- Kwati sɛ wobɛnom caffeine (tii anaa kɔfe) a ɛbɛn bere a woahyɛ da ayɛ.
- Kwati apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ a emu yɛ den ansa na woayɛ sɔhwɛ no.
- Sɛ worehu amane wɔ atiridii anaa atiridiinini ho a, yɛsrɛ sɛ di kan bɔ wo duruyɛfo amanneɛ sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a sɛ ɛho hia a, wobetumi asan ayɛ nhyehyɛe a ɛbɛma woakɔhwɛ no.
Nkrasɛm a Wɔde Kɔ Fie
Spirometry sɔhwɛ nyɛ hu sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ te sɛ nea ɛte no. Ɛyɛ ɔkwan a ɛnyɛ den, ɛnyɛ yaw, na ɛma wonya nsɛm pii a wobɛfa so anya w’ahurututu akwahosan ho nhumu a ɛsom bo.
Sɛ wo duruyɛfo kamfo nhwehwɛmu yi kyerɛ a, mma ɛnhaw wo anaasɛ ntwentwɛn wo nan ase. Yɛyɛ eyi ma wo yiyedi. Ɛtaa tumi hu ahurututu mu nsɛm ansa na sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow no mu ayɛ den, na ama yetumi afi ayaresa ase ntɛm na yɛasiw akwahosan ho haw a emu yɛ den ano.
W’ahurututu ne w’asetra mu engine. Ɛyɛ w’asɛyɛde sɛ wobɛma wɔakɔ so atra tebea pa mu —enti fa wo home di kan, na ntwentwɛn wo nan ase sɛ wobɛyɛ sɔhwɛ yi bere a ɛho hia!
Spirometer, ahurututu mu dwumadi ho nhwehwɛmu, ahome a ɛyɛ tiaa, ayamtu, COPD, ahurututu mu akwahosan, FVC, FEV1
