So wo ba no wɔ allergy bi? Momma yensua biribiara fa honam ani nhwehwɛmu ho!

Ɛtɔ mmere bi a yɛn mmofra nkumaa no ho yɛ wɔn yaw wɔ nneɛma ahorow ho, ɛnte saa? Ebetumi ayɛ aduan, ebetumi ayɛ mfutuma, anaa nneɛma te sɛ mmoa nhoma mpo. Enti, wɔfrɛ sɔhwɛ a ɛho hia a wɔde hu nea akisikuru no yɛ ankasa ma honam ani nhwehwɛmu. So yɛbɛka eyi ho asɛm akɔ akyiri nnɛ? Ɛkame ayɛ sɛ wubenya asɛmmisa biara a ɛwɔ w’adwene mu ho mmuae wɔ asɛm yi mu.

Dɛn ne honam ani nhwehwɛmu? Wɔyɛ no dɛn?

Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, honam ani nhwehwɛmu yɛ nhwehwɛmu a wɔyɛ wɔ honam ani de hwɛ sɛ ebia wo ba no ho nyɛ no den wɔ biribi ho anaa. Eyi ne ɔkwan a wɔtaa fa so na etu mpɔn sen biara a wɔfa so hu akisikuru. Wɔtaa yɛ saa sɔhwɛ yi wɔ abofra no anim anaa n’akyi honam ani.

Honam ani akuturuku ho sɔhwɛ a wɔtaa yɛ sen biara

Ma yɛnhwɛ sɛnea yɛbɛyɛ eyi.

Fa no sɛ, sɛ wode wo ba kɔ oduruyɛfo a ɔhwɛ akisikuru nkyɛn a, ɔno anaa ɔyarehwɛfo bi a wɔatete no de nneɛma anaa nneɛma a wususuw sɛ ɛde akisikuru no ba (yɛsan frɛ eyi ``allergen'') no kakraa bi pɛ bɛto abofra no nsa anaa n'akyi honam ani. Wɔde eyinom gu honam ani sɛ nsu nketenkete.

Afei, wɔde adwinnade ketewaa bi a ɛyɛ fɛ yiye a ɛte sɛ nnade di dwuma de tow ketewaa bi anaa tokuru ketewaa bi wɔ honam ani baabi a wɔde ade no guu no mu. Eyi nyɛ biribi a ɛkɔ honam ani tɔnn, na mmom ɛyɛ biribi a wɔyɛ no aniani koraa. Wɔfrɛ eyi ``Skin Prick Test''. Nnipa binom nso frɛ no ``Scratch Test'' efisɛ ɛma ɛyɛ te sɛ nea wɔrebɔ honam ani kakra.

Wubetumi asɔ nneɛma pii a wususuw sɛ ebia wo ho yɛ wo hyew bere koro mu – ebia du, dunum, anaa nea ɛboro saa mpo – ahwɛ wɔ wo honam ani. Sɛ nhwɛso no, wubetumi asɔ nnuan ahorow pii ahwɛ (te sɛ atoko, nufusu, nkesua), mfutuma, pollen, ne mmoa dander prɛko pɛ. Sɛ woyɛ eyi a, ebia wo ba no bɛte nka sɛ nsɔe kakra, ɛtɔ mmere bi a ne ho twitwiw kakra. Nanso ɛnyɛ yaw dodo. Mmofra nkumaa mfa eyi ho asɛm ankasa.

Afei twɛn bɛyɛ simma 15 na hwɛ nea ɛbɛba. Sɛ wo ba no ho nyɛ no den wɔ biribi ho a, baabi a wɔde aduru no guu no no bɛyɛ kɔkɔɔ, ɛho ahonhon kakra, na wheal bi bɛda adi, te sɛ nea nwansena aka no. Oduruyɛfo no de susuw teyp bedi dwuma de asusuw wheal no kɛse ne beae kɔkɔɔ a atwa ho ahyia (a wɔfrɛ no flare) no. Mpɛn pii no, wheal ne flare no yera koraa wɔ simma 30 kosi nnɔnhwerew kakraa bi mu.

So eyi yɛ yaw? So asiane ahorow bi wɔ hɔ?

Mpɛn pii no, mmofra tumi gyina saa ``Skin Prick Test'' yi ano a ɛnyɛ den pii. Sɛnea yɛaka no, ebia ɔhaw ne ɛyaw bi bɛba. Ɛnyɛ obiara na ɛba saa.

Nanso, ɛntaa mma koraa , ebia nnipa binom benya akisikuru a emu yɛ den. Eyi ho yɛ na koraa.Eyi nti pɛpɛɛpɛ na wɔka sɛ ɛsɛ sɛ wɔyɛ nhwehwɛmu a ɛtete saa bere nyinaa wɔ baabi a oduruyɛfo a ɔhwɛ akisikuru wɔ hɔ, ne baabi a nneɛma ne nnuru a ɛho hia nyinaa wɔ hɔ a wɔde bɛsa adeyɛ a ɛte saa ntɛmntɛm sɛ ɛba a. Enti wunni biribiara a wobɛhaw wo ho a ɛho nhia, nnuruyɛfo ne adwumayɛfo no asiesie wɔn ho bere nyinaa sɛ wobedi tebea a ɛte saa ho dwuma.

So honam ani nhwehwɛmu ahorow afoforo wɔ hɔ?

Yiw, akwan foforo pii wɔ hɔ a ɛka `(Skin Prick Test)` ho. Nanso wɔntaa nyɛ eyinom, wɔ nsɛm titiriw bi mu.

• Nhwehwɛmu a Wɔyɛ wɔ Honam ani: Eyi hwehwɛ sɛ wɔde ade ketewaa bi bɛhyɛ honam ani aduru a wosusuw sɛ ɛyɛ akisikuru no mu kakraa bi pɛ wɔ honam ani, wɔ honam ani fã a ɛwɔ honam ani no ase pɛɛ. Eyi betumi ama nea efi mu ba a ɛyɛ nkate kakra sen Skin Prick Test no.
• Patch Testing: Wɔ saa kwan yi so no, wɔde nea wosusuw sɛ ɛma obi ho yɛ no hyew no gu patches soronko te sɛ abofra no akyi. Wogyaw saa nsensanee yi wɔ honam ani bɛyɛ nnɔnhwerew 48 (bɛyɛ nna abien). Afei woyi nsensanee no fi hɔ na wohu sɛnea wɔyɛ wɔn ade. Ɛtɔ da bi a, wɔsan yɛ sɔhwɛ no wɔ nnansa kosi nnanan akyi. Wɔde eyi di dwuma titiriw de hwehwɛ nea ɛde honam ani yare bi te sɛ honam ani yare a ɛka obi ho ba.

Nanso akwan yi a wɔtaa paw na wodi kan paw ne ``Skin Prick Test'' a yɛadi kan aka ho asɛm no.

Nneɛma ahorow bɛn na wobetumi de honam ani nhwehwɛmu ahorow yi ahu?

Saa ``Skin Prick Test'' yi tumi hu akisikuru ahorow pii. Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, yebetumi akyekyɛ eyinom mu akuw atitiriw abiɛsa:

1. Allergy a nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia de ba

Eyinom yɛ akisikuru a efi nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia a yɛhome mu.

• Mfutuma Nwansena: Eyinom yɛ abɔde nketenkete a aniwa ntumi nhu na wɔte afie mu mfutuma mu, titiriw wɔ mpa, apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ, sofa, ntama, ne agode a ɛyɛ mmerɛw a mmofra de di agoru so. Fa no sɛ sɛ wo ba no fi ase fefe, ɔde ne nsa twitwiw n’ani, na ne hwene mu siw bere a ɔsɔre anɔpa no a, ebetumi aba sɛ mfutuma a ɛyɛ nwansena yi nti.
• Pollen: Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, titiriw bere a nhwiren refefɛw na nnua ayɛ frɔmfrɔm kɛse no, sɛ ɛyɛ den ma wo ba no sɛ ɔbɛhome, n’ani yɛ kɔkɔɔ, ne hwene taa tow, anaasɛ ɔfefe a, ebetumi aba sɛ efi pollen, anaa nea yɛfrɛ no pollen.
• Pet dander: Sɛ wowɔ afieboa te sɛ akraman ne mpataa wɔ wo fie a , wɔn nhwi, wɔn nnompe, ne honam ani nkwammoaa a awuwu betumi ama mmofra binom anya akisikuru.
• Nsu: Eyinom nyin wɔ mmeae a ɛhɔ yɛ nwini, te sɛ mmeae a mframa nni hɔ, afasu so, ne aguaree. Saa nsunsu mu nkwaadɔm yi nso betumi ama obi anya akisikuru.

2. Aduan ho akisikuru

Ɛnyɛ mmofra nko na nnuan bi betumi ayɛ nea ɛma obi ho yɛ no hyew, na mmom mpanyimfo nso.

• Atoko a wɔde yɛ atoko
• Nkwaa a wɔde yɛ nkesua
• Nantwi nufusu ne nufusu a wɔde yɛ
• Mpataa ne ɛpo mu nnuan
• Awi esiam a wɔde ayɛ
• Soya
• Nnua mu nnuadewa (te sɛ almond, cashews) .

Sɛ wuhu sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow te sɛ akisikuru, anofafa a ɛho ahonhon, ɛyɛ den sɛ wobɛhome, yafunu a ɛyɛ wo yaw, ne ɔfe bere a woadi nnuan ahorow yi akyi a, ebetumi ayɛ aduan ho akisikuru.

3. Nnuru bi ho akisikuru

Nnuru bi nso betumi ama obi anya akisikuru.

• Nhwɛso bi ne nnuru a ekum ɔyare mmoawa te sɛ penicillin .
• Nnipa binom nso betumi ayɛ wɔn ayayade wɔ nnuru te sɛ nnuru bi a wɔde kum ɛyaw ho.

Enti sɛ wowɔ adwenem naayɛ bi wɔ allergies ahorow te sɛ eyi ho a, saa ``Skin Test'' yi boa kɛse wɔ hwehwɛ a wubehu nea ɛyɛ pɛpɛɛpɛ no mu.

Nneɛma foforo a ɛho hia bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ mihu?

Nneɛma kakraa bi bio wɔ hɔ a ɛsɛ sɛ wohwɛ yiye.

So nnuru bi ka sɔhwɛ no?

Yiw, eyi ho hia paa. Nnuru bi a wo ba nom, titiriw nnuru a ekum akisikuru (e.g., Piriton, Cetirizine, Loratadine), betumi aka nea ebefi honam ani nhwehwɛmu yi mu aba. Eyi kyerɛ sɛ sɛ wɔyɛ nhwehwɛmu no bere a abofra no renom nnuru yi a, ebia ne honam ani hwɛbea no renda adi, anaasɛ nea ɔyɛ no so bɛtew. Eyi betumi ama nneɛma a ɛnteɛ aba.

Enti, ansa na wobɛyɛ nhwehwɛmu yi no, ɛsɛ sɛ woka nnuru a wo ba nom nyinaa (nea oduruyɛfo no akyerɛw ama no ne nea wotɔ fi nnurutɔnbea hɔ nyinaa) kyerɛ oduruyɛfo no. Oduruyɛfo no bɛkyerɛ wo nna dodow a ɛsɛ sɛ wugyae nnuru yinom ansa na wɔayɛ nhwehwɛmu no. Mpɛn pii no, wɔbɛka akyerɛ wo sɛ gyae nnuru yi nom bɛyɛ nnafua 3 kosi 7. Ɛho hia sɛ wudi akwankyerɛ ahorow yi akyi pɛpɛɛpɛ na ama woanya nea efi mu ba no pɛpɛɛpɛ.

So honam ani nhwehwɛmu ara kwa dɔɔso? Anaasɛ woyɛ sɔhwɛ pii?

Bere a honam ani nhwehwɛmu yɛ anammɔn a edi kan a mfaso wɔ so kɛse na ɛho hia a wɔde hu sɛnea obi ho yɛ no hyew no, ɛtɔ mmere bi a ɛsɛ sɛ nnuruyɛfo yɛ nhwehwɛmu afoforo de si nsɛm no so dua kɔ akyiri. Ɛne sɛ, mmere bi wɔ hɔ a adanse pii ho hia na ama wɔahu sɛ ebia abofra bi ho yɛ no den wɔ biribi ho ampa ne sɛnea emu yɛ den no.

• Mogya mu Nhwehwɛmu: Ɛtɔ mmere bi a wobetumi ayɛ IgE mogya mu nhwehwɛmu pɔtee bi. Saa mogya mu nhwehwɛmu ahorow yi nso tumi hu nneɛma bi a ɛma obi ho yɛ no hyew. Saa mogya mu nhwehwɛmu yi ho wɔ mfaso titiriw ma mmofra a wɔn honam ani yare a emu yɛ den (e.g., eczema a emu yɛ den) anaasɛ wontumi nnyae nnuru te sɛ nnuru a ekum akisikuru no nom.
• Aduan a Wɔnom mu Asɛnnennen: Eyi ne sika kɔkɔɔ gyinapɛn kwan a wɔfa so hu sɛ obi anya aduan ho akisikuru.Nanso wɔde ahwɛyiye kɛse na ɛyɛ eyi, wɔ oduruyɛfo ne ayarehwɛfo a wɔatete wɔn a wɔhwɛ so yiye ase, wɔ ayaresabea tebea mu. Nea wɔyɛ wɔ ha ne sɛ wɔma abofra no aduan a wosusuw sɛ ɛno na ɛde akisikuru no ba no, na wofi ase kakraa bi pɛ na wɔde nkakrankakra ma ɛkɔ soro. Wɔhwɛ wɔn yiye hwɛ sɛ ebia biribi wɔ hɔ a ɛma obi ho yɛ no yaw anaa. Ɛnyɛ papa sɛ wobɛyɛ eyi wɔ fie.

Enti, oduruyɛfo no bɛfa nea efii honam ani nhwehwɛmu no mu bae, abofra no sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow, abusua no abakɔsɛm a ɛfa akisikuru ho, ne nea efii nhwehwɛmu afoforo a ɛtete saa mu bae (sɛ ɛho hia a) abom de aba awiei a etwa to wɔ wo ba no honam ani yare no ho.

Enti, nneɛma bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ yɛkae fi eyinom nyinaa mu? (Nkrasɛm a Wɔde Kɔ Fie)

Okay, ma yɛnbɔ nneɛma bi a ɛsɛ sɛ wode sie w’adwene mu mfi nea yɛaka ho asɛm no mu no mua:

• Wo ba no ho nhwehwɛmu, titiriw honam ani hwɛbea mu nhwehwɛmu yɛ ɔkwan a ɛyɛ ntɛm, wotumi de ho to so na etu mpɔn a wobɛfa so ahu nea wo ba no ho yɛ no den.
• Ɛwom sɛ ebia ɔhaw ne ɛyaw bi bɛba wɔ sɔhwɛ yi mu de, nanso mpɛn pii no ɛmma ɛyaw a emu yɛ den mma.
• Esiane sɛ ɛntaa mma sɛ obi a ɔyɛ n’ade a emu yɛ den ntumi mma nti, ɛyɛ nea asiane biara nni ho sɛ wɔbɛma oduruyɛfo a ɔhwɛ akisikuru anaa oduruyɛfo a wɔatete no ayɛ nhwehwɛmu yi wɔ aduruyɛbea a nnuruyɛbea ahorow wɔ hɔ.
• Eyi betumi ahu nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia (mfutuma, nsu mu nsu), nnuan, ne nnuru bi ho akisikuru.
• Ansa na wobɛyɛ nhwehwɛmu no, mma wo werɛ mmfi sɛ wobɛka nnuru a wo ba nom nyinaa akyerɛ oduruyɛfo no, titiriw nnuru a ekum histamine. Sɛ ɛho hia a, gyae nom nna kakraa bi ansa na wɔayɛ nhwehwɛmu no, sɛnea wo duruyɛfo kyerɛ no.
• Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, wɔ honam ani nhwehwɛmu yi akyi no, ebia ɛho behia sɛ wɔyɛ mogya mu nhwehwɛmu anaa nnuan a wɔnom ho nsɛnnennen nso na ama wɔanya asɛm a edi mu.

Nea etwa to no, sɛ wususuw sɛ wo ba no wɔ akisikuru bi, te sɛ nea ɔtaa fefe, ne ho yɛ no yaw, ne ho yɛ no yaw, anaasɛ ɛyɛ den sɛ obedi nnuan bi a, ɛbɛyɛ papa sɛ wo ne oduruyɛfo bɛkasa afa ho na sɛ ɛho hia a, wobɛyɛ nhwehwɛmu a ɛte sɛɛ. Afei wubetumi ahu nea ɛde akisikuru no ba ankasa, ama wo ba no ho atɔ no, adi akisikuru no so, na woakwati sɛ wubegyae nnuan bi a ntease biara nnim.

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