Ne vidada funɔe nènye la, esɔ be nyabiase geɖe nanɔ asiwò ku ɖe ɖevi sue si le wò dɔme ŋu. Be míakpɔ ŋuɖoɖo na biabia siawo dometɔ aɖewo la, míewɔa dodokpɔ vovovowo (dodokpɔ do ŋgɔ na vidzidzi) le fufɔɣi. Eyata woyɔa dodokpɔ tɔxɛ siawo dometɔ ɖeka be NIPT. Esia ate ŋu ana míanya nenye be viwòa le afɔku me be domenyiŋusẽfianu aɖewo, abe Down syndrome ene, nadze edzi. Gake esia menye dodokpɔ 100% koŋ o. Eyata ɖɔkta aɖewo dina be yewoayɔe be NIPS (dodokpɔ) tsɔ wu be yewoayɔe be NIPT (dodokpɔ). Elabena ɖeko esia ɖea afɔku si le eme fiana.
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Aleke woawɔ NIPT dodokpɔae? Ele bɔbɔe ŋutɔ!
Mí katã míese DNA ŋu nya kpɔ. Ele abe agbalẽ si le míaƒe ŋutilã ƒe lãmenugbagbevi ɖesiaɖe me, si me míaƒe domenyiŋusẽfianu ŋuti nyatakakawo katã le ene. Ènya be DNA sia ƒe akpa suesuesuewo hã le tsatsam le míaƒe ʋu mea. Míeyɔa esia be DNA si me lãmenugbagbeviwo mele o, alo cfDNA?
Eyata ne èfɔ fu la, wò ŋutɔ wò ʋu me cfDNA, tsɔ kpe ɖe viwòa ƒe DNA kakɛwo ŋu (cell-free fetal DNA - cffDNA) . Ðe esia mewɔ nuku oa? NIPT dodokpɔa bia be woaɖe ʋu bɔbɔe aɖe le asiwò eye woadoe kpɔ be viwòa ƒe DNA ƒe kakɛwo le eme hã, si ana nàkpɔ domenyiŋusẽfianu ƒe nɔnɔme aɖewo. Esi wònye dodokpɔ si me womedea abi ame ŋu o ta la, afɔku aɖeke mele eme na wò alo viwòa o.
Nukae míate ŋu asrɔ̃ tso NIPT dodokpɔa me?
NIPT dodokpɔa dia nusiwo mesɔ o le domenyiŋusẽfianuwo me koŋ. Kpuie ko la, zi geɖe la, domenyiŋusẽfianu eve eve nɔa míaƒe lãmenugbagbeviwo me. Gake ɣeaɖewoɣi la, le esi teƒe be domenyiŋusẽfianu ƒe kɔpi eve nanɔ anyi la, etɔ̃ ate ŋu anɔ anyi. Míeyɔa esia be trisomy .
Trisomy ƒe nɔnɔme vevi siwo NIPT dodokpɔa dia kple woƒe nyateƒetotoe nye esi:
| Domenyiŋusẽfianu ƒe nɔnɔme | Dzɔdzɔmeŋusẽ ƒe xexlẽdzesi (Trisomy) . | NIPT ƒe Nyateƒetoto |
|---|---|---|
| Down ƒe dɔléle si nye Down syndrome | Trisomy 21 ƒe dɔwɔwɔ | ~99% |
| Edwards ƒe dɔlélea | Trisomy 18 ƒe dɔwɔwɔ | ~97% |
| Patau ƒe dɔlélea | Trisomy 13 ƒe dɔwɔwɔ | ~87% |
Taflatse ɖo ŋku edzi be: NIPT nye dodokpɔ si wowɔna tsɔ doa ame kpɔ si ɖenɛ fiana nenye be afɔku aɖe li hã. Mate ŋu aka ɖe edzi 100% be dɔléle aɖe li o.
Ne NIPT ƒe dodokpɔa me tsonu nye nyuitɔ, si fia be efia afɔku aɖe la, ele be míayi aɖawɔ dɔléle ŋuti dodokpɔ atsɔ aɖo kpe edzi. Dodokpɔ eve li siwo wowɔna na ema:
1. Amniocentesis: Dɔwɔwɔ si me woɖea vidzidɔ me tsi aɖe tso vidzidɔa me hedoa ekpɔ.
2. Chorionic Villus Sampling (CVS): Dɔwɔwɔ si me woɖea lãmenugbagbevi ʋɛ aɖewo tso vidzĩa ƒe vidzidɔ me hedoa wo kpɔna.
Esi wònye be dodokpɔ siawo evea siaa nye esiwo xɔa ame me ( invasive ) ta la, afɔku sue aɖe le eme. Eyata ɖewohĩ vidada aɖewo madi be yewoawɔ wo o.
Tsɔ kpe ɖe eŋu la, NIPT ate ŋu anya vidzĩa ƒe ŋutsu alo nyɔnu nyenye hã . Ne mèdi be yeanya o la, mègaŋlɔ be be yeagblɔe na yeƒe ɖɔkta hafi awɔ dodokpɔa o.
Amekae di be yeawɔ NIPT dodokpɔa?
Vidada ɖesiaɖe si wu fu ƒe kwasiɖa 10 nu ate ŋu awɔ dodokpɔ sia. Gake menye dodokpɔ si wòle be woawɔe wònye o. Gake vidada siwo le afɔku gã aɖe me le domenyiŋusẽfianu ƒe nɔnɔme aɖewo ta la tsɔa ɖe le esia me wu.
Amekawoe le afɔku me wu?
- Vidada siwo xɔ wu ƒe 35.
- Vidada siwo dzi vi si ŋu trisomy dɔlélea le va yi.
- Vidada siwo woɖee fia be wole afɔku me to dodokpɔ bubu si wotsɔ doa ame kpɔ (e.g. dodokpɔ le ɣleti etɔ̃ gbãtɔ me).
Nɔnɔme siwo me NIPT ƒe emetsonuwo ate ŋu anye esiwo dzi womate ŋu aka ɖo boo o
NIPT dodokpɔa nɔa te ɖe vidzĩ ƒe DNA agbɔsɔsɔme si le vidadaa ƒe ʋu me dzi. Zi geɖe la, agbɔsɔsɔ sia nyea alafa memamã sue aɖe, anɔ abe 10%-20% ene. Eyata nɔnɔme aɖewo le vidadaa ƒe ŋutilã me ate ŋu akpɔ ŋusẽ ɖe emetsonu siawo dzi.
- Ne wò ŋutilã ƒe lolome ƒe dzesi (BMI) nye 30 alo esi wu nenema.
- Ne wotsɔ azi si wotsɔ na ɖevia fɔ fu.
- Ne èle ʋumenugbagbeviɣitike aɖewo zãm.
- Ne èle venɔvi alo vi siwo wu nenema tsɔm le vidzidɔa me.
Le go sia me la, anyo wu be nàƒo nu kple wò ɖɔkta ahatso nya me nenye be NIPT dodokpɔa sɔ na wò.
Nukae nèwɔna ne èxɔ NIPT ƒe dodokpɔ me tsonuawo vɔ?
Enye nusi sɔ be nàlé blanui eye wòatsi dzodzodzoe ne èkpɔe be afɔku aɖe le ye ŋu (emetsonu nyui aɖe) tso NIPT dodokpɔ me. Gake mègatsi dzodzodzoe o. Gbã la, ɖo ŋku edzi be menye nyametsotso mamlɛtɔe nye esia o. Le ɣeyiɣi sia me la, ele vevie ŋutɔ be nàƒo nu kple domenyiŋusẽfianu ŋuti aɖaŋuɖola alo wò ɖɔkta be nàse emetsonuwo gɔme.
Dodokpɔ si ɖea afɔku fiana koe NIPT nye. Mèganɔ te ɖe emetsonu ma ɖeɖeko dzi awɔ nyametsotso vevi aɖeke le viwòa ŋu o.
Ne èdi la, àte ŋu ayi aɖawɔ dɔléle ŋuti dodokpɔ abe amniocentesis alo CVS si míeyɔ va yi ene atsɔ aɖo kpe nɔnɔmea dzi 100%. Alo gome le asiwò be màwɔ dodokpɔ mawo o. Ðo dze kple wò ɖɔkta tso nu siawo katã ŋu gaglãa.
Gbedasi si Wotsɔ Yi Aƒeme
- NIPT nye dodokpɔ si wozãna tsɔ zãa ʋu bɔbɔe aɖe si woɖe tso vidada si fɔ fu la gbɔ eye mehea afɔku aɖeke vɛ na wò alo viwòa o.
- Esia menye dɔléle ŋuti dzesi si ŋu kakaɖedzi le 100% o. Dodokpɔ si wotsɔ doa ame kpɔ si ɖea afɔku si le nɔnɔmewo abe Down syndrome ene me fiana koe wònye.
- Ne NIPT ƒe dodokpɔa me tsonu nyui la, ele be woawɔ dodokpɔ bubu, abe amniocentesis ene, atsɔ aɖo kpe edzi.
- Dzro NIPT me tsonu kple afɔɖeɖe siwo kplɔe ɖo me kple wò ɖɔkta ɣesiaɣi, tsɔ wu be nàtso nya me le ɖokuiwò si.
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