Jikinmu kamar wata na'ura ce mai ban mamaki da rikitarwa. Domin wannan na'urar ta yi aiki ba tare da wata matsala ba, tsarin da ke da alaƙa da juna da yawa yana buƙatar yin aiki tare. Ɗaya daga cikin irin wannan tsarin mai matuƙar muhimmanci shine
tsarin endocrine , ko kuma kamar yadda muke faɗa a Turanci, tsarin endocrine. A taƙaice dai, wannan shine masana'antar
hormones a jikinmu. Don haka, ƙananan mambobi biyu masu mahimmanci na wannan masana'antar hormones sune
glandon adrenal. A yau muna magana ne game da waɗannan ƙananan jarumai biyu.
Mene ne waɗannan glandon adrenal?
Glandan adrenal ƙananan gland ne guda biyu masu siffar triangular. Suna aiki a matsayin wani ɓangare na tsarin endocrine ɗinmu. Wannan tsarin hanyar sadarwa ce ta gland da gabobin da ke samarwa da kuma fitar da manzannin sinadarai, waɗanda ake kira hormones, waɗanda ke sarrafa ayyuka daban-daban a cikin jikinmu. Kamar hanyar sadarwa ce a jikinmu. Baya ga glandan adrenal, akwai wasu muhimman mambobi da yawa na wannan tsarin. Bari mu san su kaɗan.
| Glandan / Sashe | Babban aiki |
|---|
| Hypothalamus | Yana cikin kwakwalwa, shine babban mai kula da dukkan tsarin endocrine. |
| Kwai | Samar da hormones kamar estrogen da progesterone ga mata. |
| Pancreas | Samar da sinadarin insulin hormone, wanda ke sarrafa matakan sukari a jini. |
| Ciwon Parathyroid (ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta) | Sarrafa matakan calcium a jiki. |
| Pineal gland shine | Samar da sinadarin melatonin, wanda ke daidaita barci. |
| Ciwon Pituitary | Wannan gland, wanda yake a gindin kwakwalwa, yana samar da hormones da yawa masu mahimmanci ga jiki. |
| Gwangwani (Gwangwani) | Hormone na Testosterone da samar da maniyyi a cikin maza. |
| Glandar thyroid | Yana nan a gaban wuya, yana sarrafa yadda jiki ke sarrafa metabolism. |
Ina waɗannan gland suke?
Kana da glandar adrenal guda biyu. Suna
saman kodanka, kamar ƙananan murfi. Suna zaune a nan, waɗannan gland, suna bin umarnin kwakwalwarka, suna samarwa da kuma fitar da hormones ɗinsu zuwa cikin jini.
Me ke faruwa da glandar adrenal a zahiri?
Kamar yadda muka ambata a baya, babban aikin glandar adrenal shine samar da hormones. Ana iya raba waɗannan hormones zuwa manyan rukuni biyu. Su ne catecholamines da steroid hormones. Akwai sassa biyu na wannan gland. Ana kiran ɓangaren ciki da Adrenal Medulla, kuma ɓangaren waje ana kiransa Adrenal Cortex. Waɗannan sassa biyu suna samar da hormones daban-daban.
Ka yi tunanin kana tafiya a kan titi sai ka ga wani kare ya fito, ko kuma ka ga mota tana wucewa da sauri. A wannan lokacin, bugun zuciyarka yana ƙaruwa, idanunka suna buɗewa, kuma numfashinka yana ƙaruwa, ko ba haka ba? Wannan martanin "faɗa ko gudu" yana faruwa ne ta hanyar hormones da glandar adrenal ke fitarwa.
Bari mu duba menene waɗannan hormones da kuma abin da ke faruwa da su.
| Hormone | Nau'i da wurin ƙera | Babban ayyuka |
|---|
| Adrenaline | Catecholamines (cikin ciki - Medulla) | Shirya jiki don gaggawa ko yanayi mai haɗari (Yaƙi ko Gudu). Yana ƙara bugun zuciya da numfashi. |
| Noradrenaline | Catecholamines (cikin ciki - Medulla) | Yana aiki tare da adrenaline, musamman don ƙara da kuma kula da hawan jini. |
| Aldosterone | Steroid (ɓangaren waje - Cortex) | Daidaita hawan jini da matakan electrolytes kamar sodium da potassium a cikin jini. |
| Cortisol | Steroid (ɓangaren waje - Cortex) | Yana taimakawa wajen rage damuwa. Bugu da ƙari, yana taimakawa wajen daidaita barci, metabolism, hawan jini da matakan sukari, da kuma rage kumburi a jiki. |
| DHEA | Steroid (ɓangaren waje - Cortex) | Yana taimakawa wajen samar da sinadarin hormones na jima'i kamar estrogen a cikin mata da androgen a cikin maza. |
Cututtukan da suka shafi glandar adrenal
Idan glandar adrenal, wacce ke taka muhimmiyar rawa, ta zama mara aiki ko kuma ta yi aiki fiye da kima, cututtuka daban-daban na iya faruwa. Bari mu dubi wasu daga cikin manyan irin waɗannan yanayi.
| Yanayin lafiya | Kawai saboda | Alamomin da aka saba gani |
|---|
| Ciwon daji na Adrenal | Ci gaban ciwon daji a kan gland. | Yawan fitar wani hormone, ciwon ciki. |
| Rashin isasshen sinadarin Adrenal / Cutar Addison | Rashin samar da isasshen sinadarin cortisol. | Gajiya mai tsanani, jiri, ciwon ciki, raguwar nauyi, hawan jini, ƙarancin sukari a jini, ciwon tsoka, da kuma canza launin fata. |
| Ciwon Cushing | Yawan samar da sinadarin cortisol. | Karin nauyi (musamman a fuska, wuya da ciki), hawan jini, ciwon suga, raunin tsoka, da kuma siririn fata. |
| Hyperaldosteronism | Yawan samar da sinadarin hormone aldosterone. | Hawan jini, ƙarancin sinadarin potassium a jini, ciwon kai, raunin tsoka, da kuma suma. |
| Pheochromocytoma | Yawan fitar da adrenaline ko noradrenaline saboda wani ƙari a cikin gland (medulla). | Hawan jini kwatsam, bugun zuciya mai sauri, gumi mai yawa, ciwon kai, rawar jiki, damuwa. |
| Ciwon Adrenal Hyperplasia na Haihuwa | Wani yanayi na kwayoyin halitta da ke faruwa a lokacin haihuwa. Rashin sinadarin enzymes da ke samar da hormones. | Balaga a cikin samari kafin lokacin balaga, bayyanar halayen maza a cikin 'yan mata. |
Muhimmi: Idan kana da ɗaya daga cikin alamomin da aka lissafa a nan kuma suka daɗe, don Allah ka nemi shawara daga likita. Kada ka yi wa kanka magani ko ka duba kanka ta intanet.
Cututtuka kamar rashin isasshen adrenal, idan ba a yi maganin da ya dace ba, na iya haifar da mummunan yanayi kamar gazawar koda ko girgiza. Saboda haka, yana da matukar muhimmanci a san da wannan.
Saƙon Ɗauka Gida
- Glandan adrenal, kodayake ƙanana ne a girma, su ne muhimman gabobi guda biyu da ke sarrafa damuwa , hawan jini , matakan kuzari, da ƙari mai yawa a jikinmu.
- Idan ka fuskanci canje-canje marasa dalili a matakin kuzarinka, nauyinka, yanayinka, ko hawan jini, hakan na iya zama alamar matsalar hormonal.
- Idan alamun kamar gajiya mai tsanani, jiri , da kuma canjin nauyi kwatsam suka ci gaba, kada ka yi watsi da su.
- Idan kana da wata shakka ko damuwa game da wannan, mafi kyawun abin da za ka yi shi ne ka tuntuɓi likita mai ƙwarewa.
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