Ko da muna da mura ko kuma muna jin ɗan gajiya, mun saba zuwa ganin likita. Idan muka yi, a mafi yawan lokuta, likita yana sauraron alamunmu, yana duba mu, sannan ya tura mu zuwa dakin gwaje-gwaje don ƙarin bayani. Don haka, gwajin abubuwa kamar jini da fitsari ta wannan hanyar ya zama wani ɓangare na rayuwarmu ta lafiya. Amma shin kun san cewa tare da ci gaban kimiyya, yadda ake yin waɗannan gwaje-gwajen dakin gwaje-gwaje da kuma yadda muke fassara sakamakonsu shi ma yana canzawa a hankali? A yau za mu yi magana game da wasu muhimman canje-canje da suka faru kwanan nan a wasu gwaje-gwajen dakin gwaje-gwaje da muke yi akai-akai.
Gwajin Cholesterol (Bayanin Lipid) - Shin ina buƙatar yunwa yanzu?
Ka yi tunanin cewa kai sama da shekara 40 ne. Ko kuma kana da ɗan kiba. To, abu ne da ya zama ruwan dare ga likita ya rubuta maka gwaji don duba cholesterol ɗinka. Muna kiran wannan da 'lipid profile '. A taƙaice dai, wannan yana duba nau'ikan kitse a cikin jininka.
Wannan gwajin ya mayar da hankali kan manyan abubuwa guda huɗu:
- Jimlar Cholesterol: Jimlar adadin cholesterol a cikin jini.
- HDL (High-Density Lipoprotein): Duk mun san wannan a matsayin " kyakkyawan cholesterol ". Mafi girman wannan, mafi kyau ga zuciya.
- LDL (Ƙarancin Lipoprotein Mai Yawan Yawan Kitse): Wannan shine "mummunan cholesterol." Yawan wannan yana ƙara haɗarin kamuwa da cututtuka kamar cututtukan zuciya da bugun jini .
- Triglycerides : Wannan wani nau'in kitse ne da ake samu a cikin jini.
Mun san cewa bai kamata a ci ko a sha komai ba na tsawon awanni 8-12 kafin a yi wannan gwajin. Likitoci da yawa sun ba da shawarar hakan saboda sun yi imanin cewa abincin da muke ci zai iya shafar waɗannan ƙimar, musamman triglycerides.
Amma menene sabon sauyi yanzu?
Binciken da aka yi kwanan nan ya gano cewa ga mutane da yawa ,Ba lallai ba ne a yi azumi kafin a yi wannan gwajin. Domin abincin da muke ci ba shi da wani tasiri mai mahimmanci ga matakan cholesterol (HDL da LDL). Duk da haka, wasu abinci masu kitse da sukari na iya ƙara matakan triglyceride na ɗan lokaci.
Wannan yana nufin cewa idan ka yi gwajin ba tare da azumi ba, kuma sauran ƙimarka ta zama daidai amma triglycerides ɗinka suna da yawa sosai, likitanka zai gaya maka ka sake yin gwajin a ranar azumi. Wannan zai taimaka maka ka tantance ko yawan karatun ya yi yawa ko kuma kawai ƙaruwa ne na ɗan lokaci da cin abinci ya haifar.
Don haka, a lokaci na gaba da likitanka ya nemi ka yi gwajin lipid, ka tambaye shi kai tsaye ko kana buƙatar yin azumi ko a'a. A mafi yawan lokuta, za ka iya guje wa wannan azabar yunwa mai ban haushi.
Gwaje-gwaje don gano ciwon sukari
Ciwon suga cuta ce da ta zama ruwan dare a ƙasarmu. Akwai mutane da yawa da ke cikin yanayin da ba a saba ganin ciwon suga ba, wato, suna cikin haɗarin kamuwa da ciwon suga. Saboda haka, yana da matuƙar muhimmanci a yi gwajin da ya dace don gano wannan matsalar da wuri.
A da, babbar hanyar da ake bi wajen gwada ciwon suga ita ce ta hanyar yin gwajin suga na jini na azumi (Azumin Sugar Jini) da kuma gwajin haƙurin suga na baki (OGTT) wanda aka yi awanni biyu bayan shan maganin glucose. Wannan gwajin OGTT yana da ɗan wahala. Dole ne ka yi azumin dare ɗaya, ka je dakin gwaje-gwaje da safe, ka sha abin sha mai sukari, sannan ka jira na tsawon awanni biyu.
Wace hanya ce mafi sauƙi yanzu? Gwajin HbA1c!
Kwanan nan, ɗaya daga cikin gwaje-gwajen da likitoci suka fi amfani da su don gano cutar suga da kuma magance ta ita ce Hemoglobin A1c , ko HbA1c a takaice.
A taƙaice dai, wannan yana auna adadin sukari (glucose) da ke haɗe da furotin da ake kira haemoglobin a cikin ƙwayoyin jinin ja. Tunda ƙwayoyin jinin ja suna da tsawon rai na kimanin kwanaki 90-120, wannan gwajin zai iya ba ku kyakkyawar fahimta game da matsakaicin matakan sukari na jini a cikin watanni 2-3 da suka gabata . Ba lallai ne ku ji yunwa don wannan ba, kuma ana iya yin sa a kowane lokaci na rana.
Amma akwai ƙaramin "amma" ga wannan ma...
Duk da cewa gwajin 'HbA1c' yana da sauƙi kuma abin dogaro, kwanan nan an gano cewa sakamakon bazai zama daidai 100% ga mutanen da ke da wasu matsalolin lafiya ba. Wannan na iya zama gaskiya musamman ga mutanen da ke da cututtukan da ke shafar ƙwayoyin jinin ja .
Misali:
- Rashin jini: Wani yanayi da ya zama ruwan dare a tsakanin mata a ƙasarmu. A wasu nau'ikan rashin jini, ƙimar 'HbA1c' na iya bayyana sama ko ƙasa da yadda take a zahiri.
- Cutar Sikila:A cikin yanayin kwayoyin halitta kamar waɗannan, ƙimar HbA1c na iya canzawa saboda canje-canje a cikin ƙwayoyin jinin ja.
Wannan ba yana nufin cewa gwajin "HbA1c" ba shi da kyau ba. Duk da haka, ba kyakkyawan ra'ayi ba ne a dogara da shawara kan lamba ɗaya kawai akan rahoton dakin gwaje-gwaje. Musamman idan ƙimar "HbA1c" ɗinka ta yi iyaka tsakanin matakan al'ada da na ciwon sukari, likitanka zai yi la'akari da wasu yanayi, kamar rashin jini, kuma yana iya ba da shawarar wasu gwaje-gwaje, kamar matakin sukari na jini na azumi, idan ya cancanta.
Binciken fitsari - Ya kamata kowa ya yi shi kowace shekara?
Mutane da yawa sun saba da yin cikakken gwajin fitsari (nazarin fitsari) aƙalla sau ɗaya a shekara. Mun yi tunanin cewa zai zama cikakken bincike don gano cututtukan da ke cikin mafitsara da kuma kyakkyawan aikin koda.
Amma yanzu lamarin ya bambanta!
Jagororin lafiya da aka amince da su a duniya yanzu suna ba da shawarar cewa babu wani amfani wajen yin gwajin fitsari a matsayin gwaji mai sauƙi idan babu wata alama . Madadin haka, ya isa a yi wannan gwajin ne kawai idan akwai wata alama.
| Dama | Abin da ake ba da shawarar a halin yanzu |
|---|---|
| Idan kana da alamun fitsari: (misali, kamuwa da cutar mafitsara, ciwo, yawan yin fitsari, warin ƙaiƙayi) | Yana da matuƙar muhimmanci a yi gwajin fitsari. |
| A matsayin duba lafiya na yau da kullun , ba tare da wata alama ba | Ba a buƙatar gwajin fitsari ba yawanci. |
| Idan ke uwa ce mai juna biyu | Gwajin fitsari akai-akai wajibi ne a matsayin wani ɓangare na gwaje-gwajen yau da kullun yayin daukar ciki. |
To ta yaya ake duba aikin koda?
Likitoci yanzu sun dogara ne kawai da gwajin jini don ganin yadda kodan ke aiki. Ana kiransa da 'eGFR (ƙiyasin ƙimar tacewa ta Glomerular)'. Wannan yawanci wani ɓangare ne na kunshin gwajin jini na 'Basic Metabolic Panel' da muke yi. Wannan yana ba da cikakken ra'ayi game da aikin koda fiye da gwajin fitsari.
Saƙon Ɗauka Gida
- Cholesterol (Bayanin Lipid): A mafi yawan lokuta, ba kwa buƙatar yin azumi don wannan gwajin. Duk da haka, nemi shawara daga likita.
- Ciwon Suga (HbA1c): Wannan gwaji ne mai kyau wanda ke gaya maka game da matakan sukari na jini a cikin watanni 2-3 da suka gabata. Duk da haka, sakamakon na iya bambanta kaɗan tare da yanayi kamar rashin jini.
- Gwajin fitsari: Idan ba ka da alamun cutar (sai dai idan kana da juna biyu), babu amfanin yin wannan gwajin. Gwajin jinin eGFR ya fi dacewa don tantance aikin koda.
- Mafi mahimmanci: Kada ka firgita ko yanke shawara bisa ga lambobin da ke cikin rahoton dakin gwaje-gwajenka. Likitanka ne kawai, wanda ya san cikakken tarihin lafiyarka, zai iya fahimtar ma'anarsu. Kullum ka tattauna sakamakon gwajinka da likitanka.
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