Shi ne abin da ke ba ka damar ji da kuma kula da daidaito: Jijiyoyin Vestibulocchlear a cikin sauƙi!

A yau za mu yi magana game da wani ɓangare mai ban mamaki da muhimmanci na jikinmu. Shin kun taɓa yin mamakin yadda kuke jin sauti, ko kuma yadda kuke daidaita kanku da kuma tsayawa a tsaye ba tare da faɗuwa ba? Akwai wanda ke taimakawa da duk wannan, wanda ke ɗauke da saƙonni daga cikin kunnenmu zuwa kwakwalwa. Ana kiran wannan jijiyar vestibulocochlear . Ko da yake sunan yana iya zama ɗan tsayi, aikin da yake yi yana da girma sosai. Bari mu ƙara koyo game da shi ta hanya mai sauƙi.

Menene wannan jijiyar vestibulocochlear?

A taƙaice dai, jijiyar vestibulocochlear ɗinka tsari ne da ya ƙunshi sassa biyu. Babban aikinsa shi ne ɗaukar bayanai masu ji daga kunnenka na ciki zuwa kwakwalwarka. Jijiyoyi suna kama da ƙananan igiyoyi a gidajenmu. Waɗannan igiyoyin suna ɗauke da bayanai, kamar saƙonnin lantarki, daga kowace jijiya ta jikinmu zuwa kwakwalwa. Sannan kwakwalwa za ta iya amfani da wannan bayanin don daidaita ayyukan jikinmu yadda ya kamata.

Jijiyoyin vestibulocochlear ɗinku galibi suna ɗauke da bayanai daga gaɓoɓi biyu a cikin kunnenku na ciki. Ɗaya ita ce gaɓar da ke taimaka muku jin sautuka , ɗayan kuma ita ce gaɓar da ke taimaka muku kula da "jin daɗin jiki".

Jijiyoyin vestibulocochlear suna ɗaya daga cikin jijiyoyi goma sha biyu na kwakwalwarmu. Waɗannan jijiyoyi na kwakwalwa suna taimaka mana mu ji ƙamshi, mu ɗanɗana, mu taɓa, mu kuma yi fuskokin fuska. Jijiyoyin vestibulocochlear sune na takwas daga cikin waɗannan jijiyoyi goma sha biyu na kwakwalwa (jijiyar kwakwalwa VIII ko CN VIII) . Yana da hannu wajen ji da daidaitawa. Wani lokaci ana kiransa jijiyar vestibular auditory.

To menene babban aikin wannan jijiya?

Sunan "vestibulocochlear" da kansa yana ba da alama ga sassan biyu na wannan jijiya da ayyukansu. Abu ne mai sauƙi, kawai duba:

• Jijiyoyin Vestibular: Wannan shine ɓangaren "vestibulo" na sunan. Yana ɗauke da bayanai daga gabobin tsarin vestibular zuwa kwakwalwarka. Waɗannan gabobin vestibular sune abin da ke gano bayanai game da matsayin kanka da motsin kanka. Kwakwalwarka tana amfani da wannan bayanin don taimaka maka kiyaye daidaitonka. Ka yi tunani a kai, wannan tsarin yana taimaka maka ka guji faɗuwa lokacin da kake tafiya, gudu, ko girgiza kanka.

• Jijiyoyin Cochlear: Wannan shine ɓangaren "cochlear" na sunan. Yana ɗauke da bayanai masu sauti daga cochlea ɗinku, wani ɓangare mai siffar katantanwa na kunnenku na ciki, zuwa kwakwalwarku. Kwakwalwarku tana amfani da wannan bayanin don taimaka muku gane da jin sautuka.

Waɗannan jijiyoyi guda biyu sun haɗu don samar da jijiya ɗaya da ake kira 'CN VIII'. Duk da haka, ko da bayan sun haɗu, kowannensu yana yin nasa aikin - wato, ɗauke da saƙonnin da suka shafi daidaito da kuma ɗaukar saƙonnin da suka shafi ji.

Za ku iya yin bayani kaɗan game da yadda jijiyar vestibular ke aiki?

Jijiyoyin vestibular ɗinka suna ɗauke da bayanai daga gabobin tsarin vestibular zuwa ga tushen kwakwalwarka . Gabobin vestibular ɗinka gabobi ne guda biyu na otolith (wanda kuma ake kira utricles da saccules) da kuma hanyoyin shiga guda uku na semicircular. Duk waɗannan gabobi guda biyar suna cike da ruwa kuma suna ɗauke da ƙwayoyin ji. Lokacin da kake motsa kanka, wannan ruwa da ƙwayoyin suna motsawa.

Ga yadda jijiyar vestibular ke aiki:

1. Siginar ta fara: Lokacin da ka motsa kanka, ruwan da ke cikin gabobin vestibular yana motsawa. Sannan ƙwayoyin ji da ke cikin su suna motsawa. Wannan motsi yana haifar da sigina game da matsayin jikinka da motsi.

2. Kwayoyin jijiyoyi (neurons) suna ɗauke da siginar: Waɗannan ƙwayoyin jijiyoyi suna ɗauke da siginar tare da jijiyar vestibular. Wannan saƙon yana tafiya zuwa wani wuri da ake kira hadaddun ƙwayoyin vestibular a cikin tushen kwakwalwa. Wannan hadaddun yana da ƙwayoyin halitta guda huɗu. Kowanne daga cikin waɗannan ƙwayoyin halitta a cikin kwakwalwa yana aika sigina zuwa sassa daban-daban na jiki, don ku iya kiyaye daidaito.

3. Tsarin kwakwalwa yana daidaita bayanai: Wasu ƙwayoyin halitta suna aika siginar ji game da matsayin jiki zuwa sassan kwakwalwa kamar kwakwalwa da cerebellum. Sauran ƙwayoyin halitta suna aika siginar ji zuwa wuyanka da ƙafafu, suna taimaka maka ka gyara yanayin jikinka. Wasu ƙwayoyin halitta suna aika siginar ji zuwa tsokoki a idanunka, waɗanda ke taimaka wa idanunka su kasance masu mai da hankali a wuri ɗaya ko da lokacin da jikinka ke motsi. Wannan ana kiransa vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) . Ka yi tunanin, lokacin da kake hawa bas, saboda wannan VOR ne zaka iya kallon wata alama a waje.

Yanzu bari mu ga yadda jijiyar cochlear (jijiyar ji) ke aiki.

Jijiyoyin cochlear ɗinku (wanda kuma ake kira jijiyar ji) suna ɗauke da bayanai daga cochlea ɗinku zuwa ga tushen kwakwalwarku. Kamar gabobin tsarin vestibular, cochlea ɗinku yana cike da ruwa kuma yana ɗauke da ƙwayoyin gashi masu ji. Lokacin da raƙuman sauti suka iso, waɗannan ruwa da ƙwayoyin halitta suna rawar jiki.

Ga yadda jijiyar cochlear ke aiki:

1. Siginar ta fara: Lokacin da raƙuman sauti suka isa ga cochlea ɗinka, membrane ɗin basilar da ke cikinsaWani membrane da ake kira earbedrum yana girgiza. Wannan girgizar tana sa ƙwayoyin gashi masu laushi a kan membrane su motsa. Yayin da ƙwayoyin ke motsawa, ana samar da sigina game da yanayin sautin. Wannan ya haɗa da abubuwa kamar mitar raƙuman sauti (watau, yadda sautin yake da tsayi ko ƙasa - 'sautin') da kuma ƙarar sautin.

2. Kwayoyin jijiyoyi suna ɗauke da siginar: `Neurons` (ƙwayoyin jijiyoyi) suna ɗaukar wannan siginar ta hanyar jijiyar ji, har sai ta isa wani wuri da ake kira `ƙwayoyin cochlear` a cikin tushen kwakwalwa. Akwai sassa uku na waɗannan ƙwayoyin cochlear. Kowane ɓangare yana karɓar nau'ikan bayanai daban-daban game da sauti. Misali, wasu sassa suna karɓar bayanai game da sautuka masu ƙarancin mitoci, kamar sautunan bass. Sauran sassan suna karɓar bayanai game da sautuka masu yawan mitoci, kamar sautuka masu yawan sauti.

3. Kwakwalwa tana sarrafa bayanan sauti: Kwakwalwar cochlear tana aika sakonnin ji game da sauti zuwa ga kwakwalwarka ta ji . Wannan yana cikin lobe na kwakwalwa. A nan ne ake sarrafa kuma ake fahimtar bayanan sauti da kake ji.

Shin ba abin mamaki ba ne? Nawa ne abin da zai iya faruwa da wannan ƙaramin jijiya! Kamar wata babbar fasaha ce a jikinmu.

To ina ne wannan jijiyar vestibulocochlear take?

Jijiyoyin vestibulocochlear suna cikin wata hanyar ƙashi da ake kira Internal Auditory Canal (IAC) , inda kunnen ciki ke haɗuwa da ƙasan kwanyar.

• Jijiyoyin vestibular suna farawa ne a cikin tarin jijiyoyi da ake kira ganglion na vestibular ('Vestibular (Scarpa's) ganglion') kusa da gabobin vestibular. Yana haɗuwa da jijiyar cochlear a cikin 'IAC' don samar da 'CN VIII'. Duk da haka, yana sake rabuwa da jijiyar cochlear lokacin da ya isa hadaddun ƙwayoyin vestibular a cikin tushen kwakwalwa.
• Jijiyoyin cochlear suna farawa ne a cikin tarin jijiyoyi da ake kira spiral ganglion kusa da cochlea. Wannan yana haɗuwa da vestibular jijiyar da ke cikin IAC don samar da CN VIII. Sannan yana rabuwa da vestibular jijiyar lokacin da ta isa ga tsakiya mai dacewa a cikin kwakwalwa.

A taƙaice dai, kamar waɗannan jijiyoyi biyu suna farawa ne daga cikin kunnen ciki, suna tafiya tare na ɗan gajeren lokaci, sannan su sake rabuwa don yin nasu ayyukan idan suka shiga kwakwalwa.

Da me aka yi jijiyar vestibulocochlear?

Jijiyoyin vestibulocochlear sun ƙunshi ƙwayoyin jijiyoyi (afferent neurons) . Wannan yana nufin cewa manufarsa kawai ita ce ɗaukar sigina waɗanda ke taimaka wa kwakwalwa wajen sarrafa bayanai bisa ga hankalinka (kamar ji da matsayin jiki). Ba ya ɗaukar saƙonnin motsi, wato, saƙonni daga kwakwalwa zuwa ga tsokoki.

Waɗanne yanayi ne ake yawan samu waɗanda za su iya shafar jijiyar vestibulocochlear?

Abin takaici, akwai wasu yanayi da zasu iya lalata wannan muhimmin jijiya. Wasu daga cikinsu sune:

• Raunin da ya faru: Raunin da ya faru a sassan kwanyarka, musamman inda kunnenka na ciki yake. Ka yi tunanin kamar ka bugi kanka.
• Yanayin haihuwa (matsalolin da ake samu a lokacin haihuwa): Wani lokaci, matsaloli na iya faruwa tun daga haihuwa saboda CN VIII ba ta girma yadda ya kamata.
• Ciwon daji: Ciwon daji mara ciwon daji (mara kyau) kamar na acoustic neuromas, na iya faruwa. Duk da cewa waɗannan ba ciwon daji ba ne, suna iya haifar da matsala ta hanyar danna jijiya.
• Cututtuka: Cututtuka kamar su vestibular neuritis ko labyrinthitis na iya lalata wannan jijiya.

Ta yaya zan iya sanin idan ina da matsala da jijiyar vestibulocochlear dina? (Alamomin)

Idan jijiyar vestibulocochlear ɗinka ta lalace, za ka iya fuskantar alamun da ke shafar jinka da kuma ikonka na daidaita daidaito. Duba ko kana da ɗaya daga cikin waɗannan:

• Rashin ji na ji: Wannan rashin ji ne da wata matsala a kunnen ciki ke haifarwa.
• Tinnitus: Sautin ƙara, ƙara, ko ƙara a cikin kunnuwa. Ga wasu, wannan na iya yin sauti kamar busa ko ƙara.
• Jin jiri: Jin juyawa, rashin jin daɗi, ko rashin daidaito.
• Vertigo: Jin cewa abubuwan da ke kewaye da kai suna juyawa, ko kuma kana juyawa, ko da lokacin da kake tsaye cak. Wannan na iya jin kamar kana hawa da sauka a kan lilo.
• Nystagmus: Motsin idanu cikin sauri, ba tare da tsari ba.

Idan kana da ɗaya ko fiye daga cikin waɗannan alamun, ya fi kyau ka ga likita nan da nan . Yana da mahimmanci a gano musabbabin kuma a fara magani da sauri.

Ta yaya likitoci ke duba lafiyar wannan 'CN VIII'?

Akwai gwaje-gwaje da dama da likitoci ke amfani da su don duba lafiyar jijiyar vestibulocochlear ɗinku:

• Gwaje-gwajen Ji: Ana yin waɗannan gwaje-gwajen ne don ganin ko akwai wata matsalar ji a cikin kunnenka na ciki. Misalai sun haɗa da gwajin Rinne da gwajin Weber . A cikin waɗannan gwaje-gwajen, likita ya sanya cokali mai girgiza (wani nau'in cokali mai gyara) a fatar kai da kuma kusa da kunnenka sannan ya duba ko za ka iya jin sauti.
• Gwaje-gwajen Vestibular:Ana yin waɗannan gwaje-gwajen ne don duba lafiyar tsarin vestibular ku. Gwaje-gwajen da ke neman nystagmus (motsin ido mai sauri) suna da amfani musamman don gano matsalolin da ke tattare da jijiyar kwanyar VIII.
• Gwaje-gwajen hoto: Ana iya yin gwajin CT (ƙirar hoto) ko MRI (hoton maganadisu) don neman matsaloli a cikin kunnenka, kamar ƙuraje . MRI na iya nuna lalacewa ga jijiyar vestibulocochlear, kamar zubar jini a cikin kunnen ciki.

Ta yaya ake magance waɗannan cututtukan jijiyoyi na vestibulocochlear?

Hanyoyin magani na iya bambanta dangane da yanayin. Ga wasu daga cikin magungunan da aka fi amfani da su:

• Magani: Yawancin cututtukan da ke shafar jijiyar vestibulocochlear ƙwayoyin cuta ne ke haifar da su. Sau da yawa suna ɓacewa da kansu. Duk da haka, a wasu lokuta, likitanka zai iya rubuta magungunan kashe ƙwayoyin cuta don taimaka maka ka murmure da sauri. Haka kuma suna iya rubuta corticosteroids don rage kumburi a CN VIII.
• Tiyata: Kuna iya buƙatar tiyata don cire ƙari, kamar acoustic neuromas, waɗanda ke haifar da matsala ga ji ko daidaiton ku. Idan ba ku da ƙwarewa sosai a tiyata, likitanku zai iya amfani da magani da ake kira stereotactic radiotherapy don rage ciwon.
• Maganin gyaran jijiyoyin jiki: Idan kana da matsaloli na dogon lokaci tare da tsarin jijiyoyinka, wannan maganin zai iya taimaka maka ka koyi motsa jiki waɗanda zasu iya inganta daidaitonka. Nau'in maganin da kake buƙata zai dogara ne akan nau'in yanayin da ke haifar da matsalolin jijiyar vestibulocochlear.

Ta yaya zan iya kiyaye lafiyar jijiyar vestibulocochlear dina?

Ba shakka, ba za mu iya hana duk wani yanayi da zai iya lalata jijiyar vestibulocochlear ba, kamar raunuka ko ƙari. Duk da haka, akwai abubuwan da za ku iya yi don kare kunnen ku na ciki.

Misali:

• Kare kunnuwanka lokacin da kake cikin wurare masu ƙarfi. Ƙara mai ƙarfi na iya lalata ƙwayoyin gashi masu laushi a cikin kunnenka na ciki, wanda zai iya haifar da rashin ji.
• A tuntubi likita idan aka fara samun matsala kamar kamuwa da kunne. Samun magani da wuri zai iya hana ƙarin lalacewa.
• A yi taka tsantsan da raunin kai. Sanya kwalkwali da kuma yin wasanni masu aminci suna da mahimmanci.

Kula da kunnenka na ciki yana da kyau ga daidaito da tsarin ji gaba ɗaya. Yana bawa jijiyar vestibulocochlear damar karɓar saƙonni bayyanannu da daidaito zuwa kwakwalwa.

Sakon Da Aka Ɗauka Daga Wannan Labarin

Don haka, jijiyar vestibulocochlear ɗinka tana kama da wata muhimmiyar gada da ke haɗa tsarin vestibular ɗinka (ma'auni) da tsarin ji (ji) zuwa kwakwalwarka. Ba tare da wannan muhimmin haɗin ba, kunnenka na ciki zai iya sarrafa saƙonni game da sauti da daidaito, amma waɗannan saƙonnin ba za su iya tafiya zuwa kwakwalwarka don a fahimta su ba.

Saboda haka, samun 'CN VIII' mai aiki yadda ya kamata yana da matuƙar muhimmanci don ci gaba da kasancewa tare da abubuwan da ke faruwa a duniyar da ke kewaye da kai. Wannan yana nufin, za ka iya sauraron waƙa mai kyau, ka yi magana da aboki, ka yi tafiya ba tare da faɗuwa ba, ka gudu, ka yi tsalle, duk waɗannan abubuwa suna taimakawa sosai ta wannan ƙaramin jijiya. Saboda haka, alhakinmu ne mu yi tunani a kai kaɗan mu kuma kula da shi.

Idan kana da wasu tambayoyi game da wannan, kada ka ji tsoron yin magana da likita. A shirye suke su taimake ka.

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