Makemake ʻoe e ʻike hou aʻe e pili ana i ke kanesa o ka māmā? E kamaʻilio kākou e pili ana i ia mea me nā kikoʻī!

Ua hopohopo paha ʻoe no kekahi mea e like me ke kuni mau? I kekahi manawa manaʻo mākou he mea liʻiliʻi ia, akā hiki ke lilo i hōʻailona o kahi maʻi koʻikoʻi. I kēia lā e kamaʻilio mākou e pili ana i kahi maʻi a ka poʻe he nui e makaʻu nei, akā he mea nui loa ia e makaʻala. ʻO ia ka maʻi kanesa māmā, a i ʻole '(Lung Cancer)'. I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, ʻo ka maʻi kanesa māmā kahi maʻi e kū mai ana i ka wā e hoʻomaka ai nā pūnaewele i loko o kou mau māmā e māhelehele me ka ʻole o ke kāohi. Māhele maʻamau nā pūnaewele i loko o ko mākou kino a hana i nā pūnaewele hou i nā manawa a pau. ʻO ia ka mea e kōkua ai i ko mākou kino e ulu a hoʻoponopono i nā ʻiʻo. Akā i kekahi manawa, loaʻa kekahi mau loli '(mutations)' i loko o kēia mau pūnaewele. A laila hoʻomaka kēia mau pūnaewele e māhelehele ʻoiai ʻaʻole pono. Hōʻuluʻulu kēia mau pūnaewele māhelehele i kāohi ʻole ʻia a hana i '(tumors). Ma muli o kēia mau tumors, ʻaʻole hiki i nā ʻōpū e like me ko mākou mau māmā ke hana pono. ʻO ka maʻi kanesa māmā ka inoa i hāʻawi ʻia i nā maʻi kanesa e hoʻomaka ana i loko o nā māmā. ʻO ka hapa pinepine, hoʻomaka kēia mau mea i loko o nā māmā, ma nā wahi e like me ka bronchi a i ʻole bronchioles a i ʻole nā ​​ʻeke ea liʻiliʻi i kapa ʻia ʻo alveoli. I kekahi manawa, hiki i ka maʻi kanesa e hoʻomaka ana ma nā wahi ʻē aʻe ke laha i nā māmā. A laila kapa ʻia e nā kauka ia he 'maʻi ʻaʻai e metastatic ana i kou mau māmā'. ʻO ke ʻano kēia, ua kapa ʻia ke kanesa ma muli o kahi i hoʻomaka ai.

He aha nā ʻano nui o ka maʻi ʻaʻai māmā?

ʻOiai aia kekahi mau ʻano maʻi kanesa e hoʻopilikia ana i nā māmā, ke kamaʻilio mākou e pili ana i ke 'maʻi kanesa māmā' ʻelua mau ʻano nui mākou e pili ana. ʻO kēia nā maʻi kanesa māmā ʻaʻole liʻiliʻi (NSCLC) a me ke kanesa māmā liʻiliʻi (SCLC).

ʻO ka maʻi ʻaʻai māmā ʻaʻole liʻiliʻi (NSCLC)

ʻO kēia ke ʻano maʻamau o ka maʻi kanesa māmā. ʻOi aku ma mua o 80% o nā maʻi kanesa māmā i loaʻa i kēia ʻano. Aia kekahi mau ʻano nui o kēia ʻano. No ka laʻana, hiki ke ʻōlelo ʻia ʻo `(Adenocarcinoma)` a me `(Squamous cell carcinoma)`. ʻO `(Adenosquamous carcinoma)` a me `(Sarcomatoid carcinoma)` ʻelua mau ʻano i hāʻule ma lalo o `(NSCLC)`, akā ʻaʻole i maʻamau iki.

Ka maʻi ʻaʻai māmā liʻiliʻi (SCLC)

ʻOi aku ka wikiwiki o ka ulu ʻana o kēia ʻano `(SCLC)` ma mua o `(NSCLC)` a ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī o ka mālama ʻana. Loaʻa pinepine ʻia ia ma ke ʻano he puʻupuʻu liʻiliʻi i loko o nā māmā, akā i kēlā manawa ua laha paha i nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino. ʻO nā ʻano kikoʻī o `(SCLC)` ʻo `(Small cell carcinoma)` (i kapa ʻia hoʻi ʻo `(oat cell carcinoma)`) a me `(Combined small cell carcinoma)`.

ʻO nā ʻano maʻi ʻē aʻe e hiki ke hana i loko o nā māmā

Ma waho aʻe o kēia mau ʻano nui ʻelua, aia kekahi mau ʻano maʻi kanesa e hoʻomaka ana i loko a puni paha o nā māmā. ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona e komo pū me nā lymphomas, sarcomas, a me ka pleural mesothelioma. Hoʻohana ʻokoʻa ʻia kēia mau mea a ʻaʻole i kapa pinepine ʻia he maʻi kanesa māmā.

He aha nā pae o ka maʻi ʻaʻai māmā?

Ke ʻike ʻia ka maʻi kanesa, nānā hou nā kauka i ke kahua o ia. Hoʻoholo ʻia kēia e ka nui o ka puʻupuʻu mua, pehea ka mamao o kona laha ʻana i nā ʻiʻo kokoke, a inā ua laha i nā lymph node a i ʻole nā ​​​​​​kikowaena ʻē aʻe. He ʻōnaehana hoʻonohonoho ʻokoʻa ko kēlā me kēia ʻano maʻi kanesa.

Nā pae o ka maʻi kanesa māmā

Hiki i kēlā me kēia pae ke loaʻa nā hui like ʻole o ka nui a me ka laha. No ka laʻana, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o kahi maʻi kanesa ma ke kahua III ma mua o hoʻokahi ma ke kahua II. Eia nō naʻe, ua manaʻo ʻia ua ʻoi aku ka holomua ma muli o nā kumu ʻē aʻe. ʻO nā pae maʻamau o ka maʻi kanesa māmā:

• Pae 0 (Pae 0 - In-situ): Aia wale nō ke kanesa ma ka papa luna loa o ka māmā a i ʻole ka bronchi. ʻAʻole ia i laha i nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ka māmā a i ʻole ma waho o ka māmā.
• Pae I: ʻAʻole i pālahalaha ke kanesa ma waho o nā māmā.
• Pae II: ʻOi aku ka nui o ke kanesa ma mua o ke kahua I, ua pālahalaha i nā lymph nodes i loko o ka māmā, a i ʻole he nui aku ma mua o hoʻokahi tumors ma ka lobe like o ka māmā.
• Pae III: ʻOi aku ka nui o ke kanesa ma mua o ke kahua II, ua pālahalaha i nā lymph node kokoke a i ʻole nā ​​​​​​hale a puni, a i ʻole he ʻoi aku ma mua o hoʻokahi puʻupuʻu ma kahi lobe ʻē aʻe o ka māmā hoʻokahi.
• Pae IV: Ua pālahalaha ke kanesa i kekahi māmā, ka wai a puni ka māmā , ka wai a puni ka puʻuwai , a i ʻole nā ​​​​​​kikokana mamao.

Nā Pae Kaupalena a me nā Pae Nui - no ka Small Cell Carcinoma (SCLC)

ʻOiai ke hoʻohana nei nā kauka i nā pae like "I" a hiki i ka "IV" no ka "SCLC", hiki nō iā ʻoe ke lohe i nā huaʻōlelo "limited stage" a i ʻole "extensive stage". Aia kēia i ka mea inā ua kaupalena ʻia ke kanesa i kahi wahi hiki ke mālama ʻia me kahi "hoʻokahi kahua radiation".

• ʻO ke kahua palena palena ʻo SCLC ua kaupalena ʻia i hoʻokahi māmā. I kekahi manawa ua pālahalaha paha i nā lymph nodes ma waenakonu o ka umauma a i ʻole i nā lymph nodes ma ka ʻaoʻao like ma luna o ka iwi collar.
• Ua pālahalaha paha ke kanesa SCLC ma ke ʻano nui i loko o kekahi māmā, a ua pālahalaha paha i kekahi māmā ʻē aʻe, i nā lymph node ma kēlā ʻaoʻao o ka māmā, a i ʻole i nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino.

He aha ka maʻi ʻaʻai māmā metastatic?

ʻO ke kanesa māmā metastatic ka maʻi kanesa e hoʻomaka ana ma kekahi māmā a pālahalaha i kekahi māmā a i ʻole nā ​​​​​​ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino. ʻOi aku ka paʻakikī o ka mālama ʻana i kēia ʻano kanesa metastatic ma mua o ka mālama ʻana i nā kanesa i kūloko.

Pehea ka maʻamau o ke kanesa o ka māmā?

Ma nā ʻāina e like me ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, ʻo ke kanesa māmā ke kolu o ke ʻano maʻamau o ke kanesa. Wahi a nā ʻōnaehana olakino ma kēlā mau ʻāina, ua hōʻike ʻia ma mua o ʻelua haneli tausani mau hihia kanesa māmā hou i kēlā me kēia makahiki. Hiki ke manaʻo ʻia kēia he pilikia olakino nui ma Sri Lanka.

He aha nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi ʻaʻai māmā?

I ka manawa pinepine, ua like nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi ʻaʻai māmā me nā maʻi ʻē aʻe i emi iki ka koʻikoʻi. ʻAʻole i loaʻa i ka nui o ka poʻe kekahi mau hōʻailona a hiki i ka wā e holomua loa ai ka maʻi. Eia nō naʻe, loaʻa paha i kekahi poʻe nā hōʻailona i ka wā mua. ʻOiai inā loaʻa iā lākou nā hōʻailona, ​​hoʻokahi a ʻoi aku paha o kēia mau mea a lākou e loaʻa ai:

• ʻO ka ʻū ʻaʻole e nalowale a e lilo i mea ʻino aʻe.
• Paʻakikī a pōkole paha o ka hanu (dyspnea).
• ʻEha a ʻoluʻolu ʻole paha ka umauma.
• ʻO ka wheezing he leo hūʻū e puka mai ana mai ka umauma mai.
• Ke ʻū ʻana i ke koko (hemoptysis) .
• Leo e lilo ana i palahalaha.
• ʻAʻohe ʻono o ka meaʻai .
• Ka wīwī ʻana me ke kumu ʻole.
• Manaʻo luhi loa me ke kumu ʻole.
• ʻEha poʻohiwi .
• Ka pehu ʻana o ka maka, ka ʻāʻī, nā lima, a i ʻole ka umauma luna (Superior vena cava syndrome).
• Ua hoʻonui ʻia ka haumāna o kekahi maka, ke kulou nei ka lihilihi o ka maka, a ua emi a ʻaʻohe paha ka hou ʻana ma kēlā ʻaoʻao (Horner's syndrome).

He aha nā hōʻailona mua o ka maʻi ʻaʻai māmā?

ʻO ka ʻū mau a i ʻole ka niumonia ʻaʻole e nalowale me ka mālama ʻia ʻana, hiki i kekahi manawa ke lilo i hōʻailona mua o ka maʻi kanesa māmā. Akā hiki nō hoʻi ke hana ʻia e nā maʻi ʻē aʻe, ʻaʻole koʻikoʻi loa. ʻO nā hōʻailona mua maʻamau ka ʻū mau a i ʻole ka ʻino ʻana, ka pōkole o ka hanu, ka ʻeha o ka umauma, ka leo haʻalulu, a i ʻole ka pohō kaumaha i wehewehe ʻole ʻia. Ma muli o kahi e hoʻomaka ai kou maʻi kanesa māmā, hiki ke ʻike ʻia kekahi o kēia mau hōʻailona i nā pae mua (pae I a i ʻole II). Akā ʻike pinepine ʻia lākou ma hope o ka holomua ʻana o ke kanesa i kahi pae holomua. ʻO ia ke kumu he mea nui e nānā ʻia no ka maʻi kanesa māmā inā pilikia ʻoe.

Pehea ka lōʻihi e hiki ai ke noho ka maʻi kanesa o ka māmā me ka ʻike ʻole ʻia?

Hiki i ke kanesa ke ulu i loko o kou kino no nā makahiki me ka ʻike ʻole ʻoe. ʻAʻole hōʻike pinepine ka kanesa māmā i nā hōʻailona i nā pae mua.

He aha nā kumu o ka maʻi ʻaʻai māmā?

Hiki mai ka maʻi kanesa māmā i ka wā e hoʻomau ai ka mahele ʻana o nā cell i pono ʻole e māhele. E like me kaʻu i ʻōlelo ai ma mua, he hana maʻamau ka mahele ʻana o nā cell. Akā, aia i kēlā me kēia cell kahi kuapo i kapa ʻia ʻo "senescence" e ʻōlelo ana, "Ua lawa, mai māhele hou", a i ʻole ke ala e make ai i ka wā e pono ai (apoptosis). Hoʻāla ʻia kēia kuapo i ka wā e māhele nui ai kahi cell, a i ʻole i ka wā he nui nā loli (mutations). ʻO nā cell cancer he mau cell maʻamau i loko o ko mākou kino i loaʻa nā "mutations" i wehe i kēlā kuapo. A laila hoʻomau nā cell i ka māhele ʻole ʻia, e hoʻopilikia ana i kā mākou mau cell maʻamau. Hiki i kēia mau cell cancer ke komo i loko o ke koko a i ʻole ka ʻōnaehana lymphatic, hele i nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino, a hoʻolaha i ka pōʻino. ʻAʻole mākou i ʻike pono i ke kumu e hoʻomohala ai kekahi poʻe i kēia mau loli a hoʻomohala i ka maʻi kanesa, aʻo kekahi ʻaʻole. Eia nō naʻe, hiki i kekahi mau mea, e like me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā huahana paka, ke hōʻino i kāu mau cell a hoʻonui i kou pilikia o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka maʻi kanesa māmā.

Nā mea pilikia no ka maʻi kanesa o ka māmā

ʻOiai he nui nā kumu e hoʻonui ai i ka pilikia o ka maʻi kanesa o ka māmā, ʻo ka mea nui loa ka hoʻohana ʻana i kekahi ʻano paka, e like me nā cigarettes, nā cigars, a me nā paipu. Wahi a nā loea he 80% o nā make ʻana o ka maʻi kanesa o ka māmā e pili ana i ka puhipaka. ʻO nā kumu pilikia ʻē aʻe:

• ʻIke ʻia i ka uahi lua. ʻO ke ʻano kēia ua ʻike ʻia ʻoe i ka uahi lua ke kokoke ʻoe i kahi mea e puhipaka ana, ʻoiai inā ʻaʻole ʻoe he mea puhipaka.
• Ka ʻike ʻia ʻana i nā mea ʻino e like me ka haumia o ka ea, radon, asbestos, uranium, uahi diesel, silica, a me nā huahana lanahu.
• Ma hope o ka loaʻa mua ʻana o nā lāʻau lapaʻau radiation i ka umauma (no ka laʻana, no ka maʻi ʻaʻai umauma a i ʻole lymphoma).
• He moʻolelo ʻohana o ka maʻi ʻaʻai māmā (predisposition hoʻoilina).

Ke kumu nei ka vaping i ka maʻi kanesa o ka māmā?

Ke vape ʻoe (e hoʻohana i kahi mea e hanu ai i ka hui ʻana o ka nicotine a me nā mea ʻono), hiki iā ʻoe ke hanu i kekahi mau mea, me nā mea i ʻike ʻia e hoʻoulu ai i ka maʻi kanesa. No ka mea, he mea hou ka vaping, ʻaʻole mākou i ʻike i kona mau hopena lōʻihi. Akā manaʻoʻiʻo nā loea hiki iā ia ke hōʻino i ka māmā.

Hiki i ka poʻe puhi ʻole ke loaʻa i ka maʻi ʻaʻai māmā?

ʻOiai ʻo ka puhipaka ke kumu nui o ka maʻi ʻaʻai māmā, ma kahi o 20% o ka poʻe i ʻike ʻia me ka maʻi ʻaʻole i puhipaka. No laila he mea nui e kamaʻilio me ke kauka inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi mau hōʻailona kānalua.

Pehea e ʻike ʻia ai ka maʻi ʻaʻai māmā?

He hana ʻanuʻu like ka ʻike ʻana i ka maʻi kanesa māmā. Ke ʻike mua ʻoe i ke kauka, e nīnau lākou e pili ana i kāu mau hōʻailona, ​​e nīnau e pili ana i kou mōʻaukala olakino, a e hana i kahi hoʻokolokolo kino (e like me ka hoʻolohe ʻana i kou puʻuwai a me kou mau māmā). No ka mea, ua like nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi kanesa māmā me nā maʻi maʻamau ʻē aʻe, e kauoha mua paha kāu kauka i nā hoʻokolohua koko a me kahi X-ray umauma. Inā kānalua kāu kauka he maʻi kanesa māmā kou, ʻo nā hana aʻe e hana i nā hoʻokolohua kiʻi ʻē aʻe, e like me ka CT scan, a me ka biopsy. Hiki i kēia ke komo pū me ka PET/CT scan e ʻike inā ua laha ka maʻi kanesa, a e nānā i nā ʻiʻo kanesa mai ka biopsy e hoʻoholo i ka lāʻau maikaʻi loa.

Hiki i ka X-ray umauma ke hōʻike i ke kanesa o ka māmā?

ʻAʻole maikaʻi nā kukuna X e like me nā scan CT no ka hōʻike ʻana i nā puʻupuʻu māmā, ʻoiai i nā pae mua. Hiki ke liʻiliʻi loa nā puʻupuʻu e ʻike ʻia ma kahi X-ray, a i ʻole e hūnā ʻia e nā ʻano hana ʻē aʻe i loko o ke kino (e like me nā iwi ʻaoʻao). ʻAʻole hiki i kahi X-ray ke haʻi maopopo inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka maʻi kanesa māmā - hiki iā ia ke hōʻike i ke kauka inā he mea kānalua e pono ai ke nānā hou aku.

He aha nā hoʻokolohua e hoʻohana ʻia no ka ʻike ʻana i ka maʻi kanesa o ka māmā?

ʻO nā hoʻokolohua a kāu kauka e kauoha ai e komo pū me nā hoʻokolohua koko, nā hoʻokolohua kiʻi, a me nā biopsies wai a ʻiʻo paha.

Nā hoʻāʻo koko

ʻAʻole hiki i nā hoʻokolohua koko wale nō ke ʻike i ke kanesa, akā hiki iā lākou ke kōkua i kāu kauka e ʻike pehea e hana ai kāu mau ʻōpū a me nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o kou kino.

Nā hoʻokolohua kiʻi

Hāʻawi nā kiʻi X-ray umauma a me nā scan CT i kāu kauka i nā kiʻi o nā loli i loko o kou mau māmā. Hana pinepine ʻia kahi scan PET/CT inā loaʻa kahi mea kānalua ma kahi scan CT, a i ʻole ma hope o ka ʻike ʻia ʻana o ke kanesa e ʻike inā ua laha.

Biopsy

Aia kekahi mau ʻano hana e hiki ai i kāu kauka ke hoʻohana e nānā pono i nā mea e hana nei i loko o kou umauma. Ma kēia mau ʻano hana, hiki i kāu kauka ke lawe i kahi laʻana o ka ʻiʻo a i ʻole ka wai (biopsy). Hiki iā lākou ke nānā iā ia ma lalo o kahi microscope e ʻike inā he mau hunaola kanesa a me ke ʻano o ke kanesa. Hiki ke hoʻāʻo ʻia kēia mau laʻana no nā loli genetic (mutations) e hiki ke hoʻopilikia i kāu mālama ʻana. ʻO nā ʻano hana i hoʻohana ʻia e ʻike mua i ke kanesa māmā a i ʻole e ʻike hou aʻe e pili ana i kona laha ʻana:

• Biopsy nila: Ma kēia, hoʻohana ke kauka i kahi nila e lawe i kahi hāpana o ka wai a i ʻole ka ʻiʻo.
• ʻO Bronchoscopy, Thoracoscopy, a i ʻole ke ʻoki kino thoracic kōkua wikiō (VATS): Hoʻohana ke kauka i kēia mau kaʻina hana e nānā i nā ʻāpana o nā māmā a lawe i nā laʻana kiko.
• Thoracentesis: Hoʻohana ke kauka i kēia kaʻina hana e lawe i kahi hāpana o ka wai a puni kou mau māmā a hoʻāʻo iā ia.
• ʻO ka ultrasound Endobronchial a i ʻole ka ultrasound Endoscopic esophageal: Hoʻohana ke kauka i kēia mau ʻano hana e nānā i nā lymph nodes a hana i nā biopsies.
• Mediastinoscopy a i ʻole mediastinotomy: Hoʻohana ke kauka i kēia mau kaʻina hana e nānā i ka wahi ma waena o nā māmā (ka mediastinum) a lawe i nā laʻana.

Nā hoʻāʻo molekala

Ma ke ʻano he ʻāpana o ka biopsy, e hoʻāʻo kāu kauka i kāu hāpana ʻiʻo no nā loli gene (nā mutations) hiki ke kuhikuhi ʻia me nā lāʻau lapaʻau kūikawā. ʻO kēia kekahi ʻāpana o kāu hoʻolālā lapaʻau. Ma NSCLC, ʻo nā genes i loaʻa paha nā mutations hiki ke kuhikuhi ʻia:

• `(KRAS)`
• `(EGFR)`
• `(ALK)`
• `(ROS1)`
• `(BRAF)`
• `(HOʻIHOʻI)`
• `(MET)`
• `(HER2)`
• `(NTRK)`

Pehea e mālama ʻia ai ka maʻi ʻaʻai māmā?

ʻO ka pahuhopu o ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi kanesa māmā, ʻo ia ka hoʻopau ʻana i ke kanesa mai kou kino a i ʻole ke kāohi ʻana i kona ulu ʻana. Hiki i kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau ke wehe i nā hunaola kanesa, luku iā lākou, hoʻōki iā lākou mai ka māhele ʻana, a i ʻole e aʻo i kāu ʻōnaehana pale e hakakā iā lākou. Hoʻohana ʻia kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau e hōʻemi i nā hōʻailona a hōʻoluʻolu i ka ʻeha. ʻO ka lāʻau lapaʻau āu e loaʻa ai e pili ana i ke ʻano o ka maʻi kanesa māmā āu i loaʻa ai, kahi o ia mea, pehea ka mamao o kona laha ʻana, a me nā kumu ʻē aʻe he nui.

He aha nā lāʻau lapaʻau/lāʻau lapaʻau i hoʻohana ʻia no ka maʻi ʻaʻai māmā?

ʻO nā lāʻau lapaʻau no ka maʻi kanesa māmā e komo pū ana me ke ʻoki kino, ka radiofrequency ablation (RFA), ka radiation therapy, ka chemotherapy, ka lāʻau lapaʻau i kuhikuhi ʻia, a me ka immunotherapy.

ʻoki kino

Loaʻa ke ʻoki kino no ka maʻi kanesa māmā ʻaʻole liʻiliʻi (NSCLC) i laha ʻole a no ka maʻi kanesa māmā hoʻokahi-cell (SCLC). E wehe kāu kauka ʻoki i ke kanesa a me kekahi mau ʻiʻo olakino a puni ia mea e hōʻoia ʻaʻohe mau hunaola kanesa i koe. I kekahi manawa, i mea e hāʻawi ai i ka manawa kūpono loa o ka hoʻi ʻole ʻana mai o ke kanesa, pono ka ʻoki ʻana e wehe i kou māmā a pau a i ʻole kekahi hapa.

ʻO ka hoʻopau ʻana i ke alapine lekiō (RFA)

No nā ʻōpū maʻi ʻaʻai māmā ʻaʻole liʻiliʻi (NSCLC) kokoke i nā ʻaoʻao o waho o nā māmā, hoʻohana ʻia kekahi lāʻau i kapa ʻia ʻo radiofrequency ablation (RFA). Hoʻohana ʻo RFA i nā nalu lekiō ikehu kiʻekiʻe e hoʻomehana a luku i nā hunaola kanesa.

Hoʻōla radiation

Hoʻohana ka radiation therapy i nā kukuna ikehu kiʻekiʻe e pepehi i nā hunaola kanesa. Hiki ke hana hoʻokahi ʻia a i ʻole he mea hoʻohui i ke ʻoki kino e ʻoi aku ka holomua o ke ʻoki kino. Hoʻohana ʻia ka radiation therapy ma ke ʻano he mālama palliative - e hoʻēmi i nā puʻupuʻu a hōʻemi i ka ʻeha. Hoʻohana ʻia no NSCLC a me SCLC.

Kemoterapia

ʻO ka Chemotherapy kahi hui pū ʻana o nā lāʻau lapaʻau i hoʻohana pinepine ʻia e kāohi i ka ulu ʻana o nā hunaola kanesa. Hiki ke hāʻawi ʻia ma mua a ma hope paha o ke ʻoki ʻana, a i ʻole me ka hui pū ʻana me nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe, e like me ka immunotherapy. ʻO ka Chemotherapy no ka maʻi kanesa māmā e hāʻawi pinepine ʻia ma ke ʻano intravenous (IV).

Lapaʻau lāʻau i kuhikuhi ʻia

Loaʻa i kekahi poʻe me ka maʻi ʻaʻai māmā ʻaʻole liʻiliʻi (NSCLC) nā loli kikoʻī (nā hoʻololi) i loko o kā lākou mau hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai māmā e kōkua ai i ka ulu ʻana o ke kanesa. Hoʻopili nā lāʻau lapaʻau kūikawā i kēia mau hoʻololi a hoʻāʻo e kāohi a pepehi paha i nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai. Hiki i nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe, i kapa ʻia ʻo angiogenesis inhibitors, ke hoʻōki i ka hoʻokumu ʻia ʻana o nā kīʻaha koko hou e pono ai nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai e ulu.

Hoʻōla lāʻau pale

Hoʻomaopopo a luku pinepine ko mākou kino i nā ʻāpana i hōʻino ʻia a maikaʻi ʻole paha. Akā hiki i nā ʻāpana kanesa ke peʻe mai ka ʻōnaehana pale a noho ʻaʻole ʻike ʻia. Hana ka Immunotherapy ma ka hōʻike ʻana i nā ʻāpana kanesa i kāu ʻōnaehana pale. A laila hiki i kou kino ponoʻī ke hakakā i ke kanesa.

Mālama palekana

Hoʻohana ʻia kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau no ka maʻi kanesa māmā e hōʻoluʻolu i nā hōʻailona e like me ka ʻeha a me ka paʻakikī o ka hanu ʻana. ʻO kēia mau mea nā lāʻau lapaʻau e hoʻēmi a wehe paha i nā puʻupuʻu e ālai ana i nā alaloa, a me nā ʻano hana e wehe ai i ka wai a puni nā māmā a pale iā ia mai ka hōʻiliʻili hou ʻana.

He aha nā hopena ʻaoʻao o nā lāʻau lapaʻau?

ʻO nā hopena ʻaoʻao o ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai māmā e pili ana i ke ʻano o ka mālama ʻana iā ʻoe. Hiki i kāu kauka ke haʻi iā ʻoe i nā hopena ʻaoʻao e manaʻo ai a me nā pilikia e makaʻala ai me kāu mālama kikoʻī.

Kemoterapia

• Ka luaʻi, ka luaʻi.
• Ka maʻi pākī.
• Ka nalowale o ka lauoho.
• Luhi.
• Nā ʻeha waha.
• Ka nalowale ʻana o ka manaʻo, nāwaliwali, a i ʻole ka numbness (neuropathy).

Hoʻōla lāʻau pale

• Luhi.
• ʻŌhūhū ʻāʻī.
• Ka maʻi pākī.
• Ka luaʻi, ka luaʻi.
• ʻEha hui.
• Hiki ke loaʻa nā hopena ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe ma muli o nā pilikia (e laʻa, pneumonitis, colitis, hepatitis).

Hoʻōla radiation

• Paʻakikī ka hanu ʻana.
• Kuke.
• ʻEha.
• Luhi.
• Paʻakikī ke ale ʻana.
• ʻIli maloʻo, maneʻo, a ʻulaʻula paha.
• Ka luaʻi, ka luaʻi.

ʻoki kino

• Paʻakikī ka hanu ʻana.
• ʻEha ka paia o ka umauma.
• Kuke.
• Luhi.

Pehea e mālama ai i nā hōʻailona a me nā hopena ʻaoʻao?

Hiki i kāu kauka ke kuhikuhi i nā lāʻau lapaʻau e kōkua iā ʻoe e hoʻokele i kāu mau hōʻailona a i ʻole nā ​​​​hopena ʻaoʻao o kāu lāʻau lapaʻau. Hiki i kahi loea mālama palliative a i ʻole ka meaʻai meaʻai ke kōkua iā ʻoe e hoʻokele i kou ʻeha a i ʻole nā ​​​​hōʻailona ʻē aʻe a hoʻomaikaʻi i kou ʻano ola i kou wā e loaʻa ana ka lāʻau lapaʻau.

He aha kaʻu e manaʻo ai inā loaʻa iaʻu ka maʻi kanesa o ka māmā?

ʻO ka mea e manaʻo ai ma hope o ka ʻike ʻia ʻana me ka maʻi kanesa māmā e pili ana i nā kumu he nui. No kekahi poʻe me ka maʻi kanesa mua, e wehe nā kauka i ke kanesa a laila e hoʻomau i nā nānā ʻana no kekahi mau makahiki. No nā poʻe ʻē aʻe he nui, he hana kēia e loli ana i ka hala ʻana o ka manawa. ʻO ke ʻano kēia e hoʻāʻo paha ʻoe i hoʻokahi lāʻau a hiki i ka wā e holo pono ai, a laila e hoʻololi i kekahi lāʻau ʻē aʻe ke pau ka holo pono ʻana.

Ke laha koke nei ka maʻi ʻaʻai māmā?

ʻO ka wikiwiki o ka laha ʻana o ke kanesa māmā ma muli o kona ʻano. ʻO nā ʻano nui, ʻoi aku ka wikiwiki o ka laha ʻana o ke kanesa māmā liʻiliʻi (SCLC) ma mua o ke kanesa māmā ʻaʻole liʻiliʻi (NSCLC). I ka manawa e ʻike ʻia ai ke kanesa māmā, ua laha paha i nā lymph nodes a i ʻole nā ​​​​​​ʻōpū ʻē aʻe.

Hiki ke ho'ōla ʻia ke kanesa o ka māmā?

Hiki ke manaʻo ʻia ua ho'ōla ʻia kekahi mau ʻano maʻi kanesa māmā, inā loaʻa ma mua o ka laha ʻana. Akā, ʻaʻole hoʻohana pinepine nā loea i ka huaʻōlelo "ho'ōla ʻia" e wehewehe i kahi maʻi kanesa. Hoʻohana pinepine lākou i nā huaʻōlelo "remission" a i ʻole "ʻaʻohe hōʻike o ka maʻi (NED)." Inā ua noho ʻoe i ka remission a i ʻole "NED" no ʻelima a ʻoi aku paha mau makahiki, hiki ke manaʻo ʻia ua ho'ōla ʻia ʻoe. Eia nō naʻe, aia mau kahi manawa liʻiliʻi e hoʻi hou mai ai nā hunaola kanesa.

He aha ka nui o ke ola ʻana mai ka maʻi ʻaʻai māmā?

ʻO ka nui o ke ola no ka maʻi ʻaʻai māmā e hilinaʻi nui ʻia i ka mamao o ka laha ʻana o ke kanesa i ka wā i ʻike ʻia ai, pehea ka maikaʻi o kāna pane ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau, kou olakino holoʻokoʻa, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. No ka laʻana, no nā puʻupuʻu liʻiliʻi i laha ʻole i nā lymph node, ʻo ka nui o ke ola he 90% no nā puʻupuʻu liʻiliʻi ma mua o 1 kenimika, 85% no nā puʻupuʻu ma waena o 1 a me 2 kenimika, a me 80% no nā puʻupuʻu ma waena o 2 a me 3 kenimika. ʻO ka nui o ke ola ʻelima makahiki no ka maʻi ʻaʻai māmā i ʻike ʻia i kēlā me kēia pae he 22.9%. ʻO nā helu ola ʻelima makahiki e pili ana i ke pae o ke kanesa penei:

• No ke kanesa kūloko ma kekahi māmā: 61.2% (64% no NSCLC, 29% no SCLC)
• No ke kanesa i pālahalaha i nā lymph nodes (ʻāpana): 33.5% (37% no `(NSCLC)`, 18% no `(SCLC)`)
• No nā maʻi ʻaʻai mamao: 7% (26% no NSCLC, 3% no SCLC)

Akā e hoʻomanaʻo, ʻaʻole hōʻike pololei kēia mau helu helu i kāu hōʻailona a me ka lāʻau lapaʻau.Ma muli o ka holomua o ka ʻike ʻana a me ka mālama ʻana, ua emi koke ka nui o ka make ʻana i ka maʻi kanesa o ka māmā i nā makahiki i hala iho nei.

He aha nā helu ola pili?

Hiki i kāu kauka ke hoʻohana i nā mea i kapa ʻia ʻo nā helu ola ʻelima makahiki e wehewehe pehea e hoʻopilikia ai kou maʻi ʻaʻai māmā i kou olakino ʻelima mau makahiki ma hope o ka ʻike ʻia ʻana. Hoʻohālikelike kēia mau helu i ka helu ola o kekahi me ka maʻi ʻaʻai māmā me kekahi o ka heluna kanaka o ka makahiki like.

Pehea e pale aku ai i ka maʻi ʻaʻai māmā?

No ka mea, ʻaʻole mākou i ʻike pono i ke kumu o ka hapa nui o nā maʻi kanesa, ʻo ke ala wale nō e pale aku ai iā lākou, ʻo ia ka hoʻēmi ʻana i kou pilikia. Eia kekahi mau ala e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke hoʻēmi i kou pilikia:

• ʻAʻole puhi paka, a inā hana ʻoe, e haʻalele. Hoʻomaka kou pilikia o ka maʻi ʻaʻai māmā e emi iho i loko o ʻelima mau makahiki o ka haʻalele ʻana.
• Ke pale ʻana i ka uahi lua a me nā mea ʻē aʻe e hiki ke hōʻeha i kou mau māmā.
• E ʻai i kahi meaʻai olakino a mālama i ke kaumaha olakino. Manaʻo kekahi mau noiʻi e hiki i ka ʻai ʻana i nā huaʻai a me nā mea kanu (ʻelua a ʻeono a me ka hapa kīʻaha i ka lā) ke kōkua i ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka pilikia o ka maʻi kanesa.
• Inā he kiʻekiʻe kou pilikia, e hoʻāʻo ʻia no ka maʻi ʻaʻai māmā.

Ka nānā ʻana i ka maʻi kanesa māmā

Hiki i nā hoʻokolohua nānā ke hoʻonui i kou manawa kūpono e ʻike ai i ke kanesa i kona mau wā mua. Inā ʻoe e hoʻokō i kēia mau koi āpau, ua kūpono ʻoe no ka nānā ʻana i ke kanesa māmā:

• Inā ʻoe ma waena o 50 a me 80 mau makahiki.
• Inā he mea puhipaka ʻoe i kēia manawa, a inā ua haʻalele ʻoe i ka puhipaka i 15 mau makahiki i hala.
• Inā he 20 mau ʻeke o ka puhipaka kāu mōʻaukala puhipaka i kēlā me kēia makahiki (ʻo ka nui o nā ʻeke o nā cigarette āu i puhipaka ai i kēlā me kēia lā i hoʻonui ʻia e ka nui o nā makahiki āu i puhipaka ai),

E nīnau i kāu kauka e pili ana i nā pono a me nā pilikia o ka hana ʻana i kēia hoʻokolohua i hoʻokahi manawa i ka makahiki.

Pehea wau e mālama ai iaʻu iho?

He ʻāpana koʻikoʻi ka mālama ponoʻī ʻana i ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi kanesa. Eia kekahi mau ala e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke mālama iā ʻoe iho, inā ʻoe e mālama ʻia ana a i ʻole e hoʻōla ana:

• Inā hiki, e lawe mai i kahi hoaaloha a ʻohana paha me ʻoe e ʻike i kāu kauka. E kōkua lākou iā ʻoe e hoʻomanaʻo i ka ʻike a me nā koho a ke kauka e hāʻawi ai iā ʻoe.
• E hoʻolālā mua no kou manaʻo i nā lā ma hope o ka mālama ʻana. Hiki i kēia ke komo pū me ke noi ʻana i ke kōkua hou aku, ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i nā meaʻai ma mua, a i ʻole ka hōʻoia ʻana he papa hana māmā kāu.
• ʻOiai inā ʻaʻole ʻoe e maikaʻi ana, e nīnau i kāu kauka e pili ana i ka loaʻa ʻana o ka meaʻai kūpono.
• E inu i ka wai he nui e hoʻomaʻū i kou kino.
• E hoʻoikaika kino inā hiki a e like me ka ʻōlelo a kāu kauka.
• E mālama pono i nā helu kelepona koʻikoʻi. Ke ʻike nei paha ʻoe i kekahi mau kauka, no laila he mea kōkua ka ʻike ʻana i ka mea e kāhea aku ai inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi pilikia.
• E noʻonoʻo e hui pū me kahi hui kākoʻo, ma kahi kūloko a ma ka pūnaewele paha. ʻO ka noho pū ʻana me nā poʻe i ʻike i ka mea like e hiki ke kōkua iā ʻoe e loaʻa ka ʻike a ʻike i ka mea e manaʻo ai.

Ke pau kāu mālama ʻana, hiki i ke kākoʻo a me ka mālama ponoʻī ke pāʻani i kahi kuleana koʻikoʻi i ka wā e hiki mai ana. Mai kānalua e noi i ke kōkua a i ʻole ke alakaʻi. E hōʻoia e hahai e like me ka ʻōlelo a kāu kauka.

Āhea wau e ʻike ai i ke kauka? / He aha nā nīnau e pono ai iaʻu e nīnau aku i kaʻu kauka?

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi mau hōʻailona e hopohopo nei iā ʻoe, e ʻike i kāu kauka. Inā puhipaka ʻoe a ua puhipaka paha ma mua, e nīnau i kāu kauka e pili ana i ka nānā ʻana no ka maʻi ʻaʻai māmā. ʻO kekahi mau nīnau āu e hiki ai ke nīnau i kāu kauka:

• He aha kaʻu mau koho lapaʻau?
• He aha ke ala maikaʻi loa e mālama ai iaʻu iho ma ka home?
• Pehea lā ke ʻano o ka lāʻau lapaʻau?
• He aha kaʻu mau hana aʻe?
• He aha nā helu koʻikoʻi e kāhea aku ai inā he mau nīnau kāu a i ʻole i kahi pilikia?
• He aha nā hopena ʻaoʻao e pono iaʻu e kamaʻilio aku iā ʻoe?
• Āhea wau e hele ai i ka ʻOihana Pōpilikia (ETU) ?

Hiki i ka ʻike ʻia ʻana o ka maʻi ʻaʻai māmā ke lawe mai i nā ʻano manaʻo like ʻole. I kekahi manawa hiki ke kaumaha ka nui o ka ʻike hou. He mea nui e hoʻomanaʻo ʻaʻole hiki i nā helu helu ke wānana i ke ʻano o kāu mālama ʻana a i ʻole nā ​​​​hoʻoholo e kūpono no kou kūlana kikoʻī.

Me ke kōkua o nā hoaaloha hilinaʻi a i ʻole kahi hui kākoʻo, hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa ke kōkua e noʻonoʻo i kāu mau koho a hōʻike i kou mau makemake. He hana pinepine ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi kanesa, a ʻo ka mālama ʻana iā ʻoe iho kekahi o nā ʻāpana koʻikoʻi loa o ia mea.

ʻO ka mea hope loa, nā mea e hoʻomanaʻo ai

He maʻi koʻikoʻi ka maʻi ʻaʻai māmā. Eia nō naʻe, inā ʻike mua ʻia a mālama pono ʻia, kiʻekiʻe ka manawa e hoʻōla ai. He mea nui e pale i ka puhipaka, e hahai i kahi nohona olakino, a loaʻa i nā hoʻokolohua lapaʻau maʻamau inā he mau mea pilikia kou. Inā he hopohopo kou e pili ana i kekahi o nā hōʻailona, ​​mai kānalua e ʻimi i ka ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo lapaʻau. E hoʻomanaʻo, ʻaʻole ʻoe hoʻokahi, a he nui ka poʻe e hiki ke kōkua iā ʻoe ma kēia huakaʻi.

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ʻO ke Kanesa Mama, Kanesa Mama, Nā Hōʻailona Kanesa, Nā Kumu Kanesa, Lāʻau Kanesa, Puhipaka, NSCLC, SCLC, Ola Kino Mama