I ka manawa koke e kānalua ai ʻoe he autism kāu keiki, he mea nui e nānā iā ia. I kekahi manawa hiki ke lōʻihi ka manawa e loaʻa ai kahi hōʻailona kūhelu, no laila e aʻo kākou e pili ana i nā ala e kōkua koke ai i kāu keiki. ʻO ka wikiwiki o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka lāʻau lapaʻau , ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hopena. Akā, ʻaʻole loa e lohi. ʻO ka mea e pono ai no kekahi keiki ʻaʻole paha e pono no kekahi. No laila e kamaʻilio kākou e pili ana i kēia pākahi.
He kōkua anei ka pāʻani ʻana i kahi keiki? (Play Therapy)
ʻOkoʻa pinepine ka pāʻani ʻana o nā keiki me ka maʻi autism spectrum (ASD) ma mua o nā keiki ʻē aʻe. Eia kekahi laʻana, inā hāʻawi ʻoe iā lākou i kahi kaʻa pāʻani, ma kahi o ka hoʻokuke ʻana a puni, e nānā paha lākou i nā huila a milo. ʻAʻole hoʻi lākou e hana nui i ka "pāʻani hoʻopunipuni" e like me nā keiki ʻē aʻe, e like me ka hānai ʻana i kahi pēpē a i ʻole ka hana ʻana i ke kī. ʻAʻole paha lākou e pāʻani me nā poʻe ʻē aʻe.
Akā, no kēia mau keiki, ʻo ka pāʻani ʻana he ala ia e hōʻike ai i ko lākou mau manaʻo a me nā manaʻo. ʻO kā lākou mau mea pāʻani a me nā hana e lilo i kā lākou mau ʻōlelo. No laila, me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kēia pāʻani, hiki iā mākou ke aʻo iā lākou i nā mea hou ma ke ʻano e hoʻomaopopo ai lākou a kōkua iā lākou e launa pū me nā poʻe ʻē aʻe. ʻO kēia ka mea a mākou e kapa nei ʻo Play Therapy .
Hiki i ka pāʻani hoʻōla ke kōkua i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā mākau pilikanaka a me nā mākau naʻau o ke keiki, e aʻo iā lākou e noʻonoʻo ʻokoʻa, a hoʻonui i nā mākau ʻōlelo a me ke kamaʻilio ʻana.
Aia kekahi mau ʻano nui o ka Play Therapy:
- Floortime: Pili kēia i ka mea hoʻoponopono, ke kumu, a i ʻole ʻoe iho e noho ana ma ka papahele me ke keiki a pāʻani like me ke ʻano o ka pāʻani a ke keiki. A laila, e hoʻohui mālie i kahi mea hou i ka pāʻani (e like me kahi mea pāʻani ʻē aʻe a i ʻole kahi huaʻōlelo). ʻO ka pahuhopu ma ʻaneʻi ka kūkulu ʻana i ke kamaʻilio ʻelua ala ma waena o ke keiki a me ʻoe.
- Nā Pūʻulu Pāʻani Hoʻohui ʻia (IPG): ʻO kēia kahi e hui pū ʻia ai nā keiki me ka autism a me nā keiki me ka ʻole o ka autism e hana i nā hui pāʻani. Hāʻawi kēia i nā keiki me ka autism i ka manawa kūpono e aʻo ai pehea e pāʻani ai ma ka nānā ʻana a me ke hoʻohālike ʻana i nā keiki ʻē aʻe.
- JASPER (Joint Attention Symbolic Play Engagement and Regulation): Kōkua kēia ʻano hana i kahi keiki e hoʻomaʻamaʻa i ka hoʻolohe ʻana i kahi mea pāʻani a me ke kanaka i ka manawa like. Ke ulu kēia 'joint note', e maʻalahi ka pāʻani ʻana me nā keiki ʻē aʻe.
ʻO ka Occupational Therapy e kōkua i ka maʻalahi o nā hana o kēlā me kēia lā
ʻO ka hana lapaʻau, a i ʻole e like me kā mākou e ʻike nei,ʻO ka Occupational Therapy (OT) kahi lāʻau lapaʻau e kōkua i kahi keiki e hana i nā hana o kēlā me kēia lā a me nā hana o kēlā me kēia lā (e laʻa me ke pihi ʻana i kahi pālule, ka paʻa pono ʻana i ka puna) me ke kūʻokoʻa. Hiki i kēia ke pili i nā mea āpau mai ka hana kula a i ka pāʻani. Ua hoʻolālā ʻia kēia lāʻau lapaʻau ma muli o nā pono a me nā pahuhopu o ke keiki.
Hana pū kekahi mea lapaʻau hana ma ke ʻano he hui me nā mākua, nā kumu, a me nā loea ʻē aʻe. Kōkua lākou i ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana i nā pahuhopu kikoʻī no nā pilina pilikanaka o ke keiki, ke ʻano, a me nā hana ma ka lumi papa.
| Nā Pōmaikaʻi o ka Hoʻōla Hana (OT) | |
|---|---|
| Hana i kēlā me kēia lā | Kōkua i nā mea e like me ke aʻo ʻana i ka halepaku, ke kāhiko ʻana, a me ka palaki ʻana i nā niho ma kāu iho. |
| Nā mākau motika maikaʻi | Ke hoʻomohala nei i nā mākau e pono ai e paʻa a hoʻohana i nā mea e like me nā penikala a me nā ʻūpā me ka pololei. |
| Nā mākau kaʻa nui | Ke hoʻomohala nei i nā mākau e pono ai no ka hele wāwae, piʻi ʻana i nā alapiʻi, holo paikikala, a pēlā aku. |
| Nā mākau ʻike | Kōkua i ka ʻike ʻana i nā ʻokoʻa ma waena o nā kala, nā kinona, a me nā nui. |
| Nā mākau pilikanaka | Ke kōkua nei i ka pāʻani me nā poʻe ʻē aʻe, kaʻana like i nā manaʻo, a me ke kūkulu ʻana i nā pilina. |
I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, ʻo ka pahuhopu nui o OTs ke kōkua i kahi keiki me ka autism e lilo i kūʻokoʻa e like me ka hiki, hiki ke hana i nā mea ma o lākou iho ma ka home a ma ke kula.
Hoʻōla ʻŌlelo
Hiki i nā keiki me ka autism ke loaʻa nā pilikia koʻikoʻi me ka ʻōlelo a me ke kamaʻilio waha ʻole, e like me ka nānā maka a me nā neʻe lima. ʻO ia ke kumu he mea nui loa ka hoʻōla ʻōlelo i ka mālama ʻana i ka autism .
Nā pilikia ʻōlelo maʻamau i ʻike ʻia me ka autism
- ʻAʻole kamaʻilio iki.
- Ke hana ʻana i nā leo ʻē, e like me ke kani ʻana.
- Ke hana hou ʻana i ka mea i ʻōlelo ʻia (kapa mākou i kēia he Echolalia ).
- Ke ʻōlelo nei me ka leo robotic, me ka ʻole o kekahi manaʻo, ʻoiai ua haʻi pololei ʻia nā huaʻōlelo a me nā ʻōlelo.
- ʻAʻole e nānā ana kekahi i nā maka o kekahi i ke kamaʻilio ʻana.
- Ke paʻakikī nei ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i nā ʻano helehelena o haʻi, ke ʻano o ka leo, a me ke ʻano o ke kino.
Hiki i kahi Kauka ʻŌlelo a me ka Hoʻōla ʻŌlelo ke kōkua iā ʻoe e ʻike i nā ala maikaʻi loa e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i nā mākau kamaʻilio o kāu keiki. Inā ʻaʻole kāu keiki e kamaʻilio ana, hiki iā lākou ke hāʻawi i nā koho ʻē aʻe. Eia kekahi laʻana:
- Ke hoʻomaʻamaʻa nei i ka hōʻike ʻana i nā pono me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā kāleka kiʻi.
- Ke aʻo ʻana i ka ʻōlelo lima.
- Ke hoʻomaʻamaʻa nei i ke kamaʻilio ʻana me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi mea uila e like me ka papa.
Hiki i kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau ke kōkua i kahi keiki e aʻo i ka haʻi pololei ʻana i nā huaʻōlelo, hoʻomaka i nā kamaʻilio me nā poʻe ʻē aʻe, hōʻike i ko lākou mau manaʻo a me nā manaʻo, a hauʻoli i ka pāʻani ʻana me nā poʻe ʻē aʻe. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻomaka ʻana i kēia lāʻau lapaʻau i ka wā hikiwawe loa.
Nā ʻano hana no ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ke ʻano maikaʻi (Applied Behavior Analysis - ABA)
ʻO kēia ʻano lapaʻau, i kapa ʻia ʻo ABA , e pili ana i ka ʻike ʻana i nā ʻano maikaʻi o ke keiki a me ka paipai ʻana iā lākou e hana hou aku i ia mau mea. Hoʻohana ʻia nā uku like ʻole no kēia. Kōkua pū kēia ʻano hana i ke aʻo ʻana i nā mākau hou. Ua aʻo ʻia nā mākua a me nā kahu i kēia, i hiki iā lākou ke hāʻawi i ke keiki i ke alakaʻi e pono ai ma ka home.
Aia kekahi mau ʻano ABA like ʻole:
- Hoʻomaʻamaʻa Hoʻāʻo Kūʻokoʻa (DTT): Ma kēia, ua wāwahi ʻia kahi ʻano a mākaukau paha e pono ai ke aʻo ʻia i ke keiki i mau ʻanuʻu liʻiliʻi a aʻo ʻia kēlā me kēia.
- Lapaʻau Pane Pivotal (PRT): Hoʻopili kēia lāʻau i nā ʻano koʻikoʻi o ka ulu ʻana o ke keiki (e laʻa, ka hoʻokele ponoʻī, ke kūlana me nā kūlana pilikanaka).
- Ka Hana Waena ʻŌlelo (VBI): ʻO ka pahuhopu nui o kēia ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i nā mākau ʻōlelo a ke keiki.
Nā lāʻau lapaʻau kōkua ʻē aʻe
Ma waho aʻe o nā ʻano lapaʻau nui i ʻōlelo ʻia ma luna, aia kekahi mau ʻano hana ʻē aʻe.
Holo Lio Lapaʻau
Ua kapa ʻia hoʻi kēia ʻo Hippotherapy . Maanei, holo ke keiki i ka lio ma lalo o ka nānā ʻana a kahi mea lapaʻau. Pono ke keiki e kāohi i kona kino a mālama i ke kaulike e like me ka neʻe ʻana o ka lio. Ua like kēia me kahi hoʻomaʻamaʻa hoʻoikaika kino. Ua hōʻike ʻia e ka noiʻi e hoʻomaikaʻi kēia ʻano hana i nā mākau pilikanaka a me ka ʻōlelo a nā keiki. Kōkua pū ia i ka hoʻēmi ʻana i ko lākou hoʻomaha ʻole a me ka hyperactivity.
Ma mua o ka hoʻoholo ʻana e pili ana i kekahi o kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau, he mea nui e kamaʻilio me kāu kauka a kauka paha e pili ana i ke ʻano o ka lāʻau lapaʻau e kūpono loa no ke kūlana o kāu keiki.
Leka Lawe-Home
- ʻO ka wikiwiki o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka lāʻau no ka autism, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o nā hopena. Akā, ʻaʻole loa e lohi ke hoʻomaka.
- ʻO ka mea e pono ai no kekahi keiki ʻaʻole paha e pono no kekahi, no laila e pono i kāu keiki kahi hoʻolālā lapaʻau e pili pono ana iā ia.
- ʻO ka Play Therapy, Occupational Therapy (OT), a me ka Speech Therapy ʻekolu mau ʻano lapaʻau nui e kōkua nui ai i ka ulu ʻana o kahi keiki autistic.
- Hiki i nā hoʻōla e like me ABA ke lilo i mea kūpono loa i ka paipai ʻana i ka hana maikaʻi.
- Ma mua o ka hoʻomaka ʻana i kekahi lāʻau lapaʻau, e kamaʻilio me ke kauka o kāu keiki a e ʻimi i kāna alakaʻi. E hoʻomaopopo i ke kauka e pili ana i ka holomua o kāu keiki.
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