Ke piʻi aʻe nā makika i ka wā ua, noʻonoʻo koke mākou i ka dengue, ʻeā? Pēlā nō, ke hele mākou i ka nahele, makaʻu pū mākou i nā ʻuku. Ua ʻike maoli anei ʻoe i ka nui o nā maʻi weliweli e hiki ke hoʻoili ʻia mai iā mākou e nā holoholona liʻiliʻi e like me nā makika, nā ʻuku, a me nā ʻuku? ʻO kēia mau holoholona liʻiliʻi ke kuleana no ka make ʻana o nā miliona o ka poʻe a puni ka honua i kēlā me kēia makahiki. I kēia lā, ke kamaʻilio nei mākou e pili ana i nā maʻi i hoʻoili ʻia e ia mau holoholona lawe maʻi.
He aha kēia mau maʻi i lawe ʻia e nā vector?
I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, ʻo ka vector he germ e hoʻoulu ai i ka maʻi, e like me ka virus, bacteria, a parasite paha (pathogen), i lawe ʻia mai kekahi holoholona a i kekahi, a i kekahi manawa mai kekahi kanaka a i kekahi. Lawe mua kēia mau vectors i ka germ i loko o ko lākou kino ke omo lākou i ke koko o kahi holoholona a kanaka paha i loaʻa i ka maʻi. A laila, i ka wā e nahu ai ka vector i kahi kanaka olakino, hoʻokomo lākou i ka germ i loko o kēlā kanaka.
E noʻonoʻo e pili ana i kahi makika. Inā nahu kahi makika i kahi kanaka me ka dengue, ʻoi aku ka nui o kona nahu ʻana iā ʻoe. ʻO nā maʻi i laha ma kēia ʻano ua kapa ʻia ʻo 'Vector-Borne Diseases '.
ʻO kekahi o nā maʻi maʻamau i ko mākou ʻāina:
- Dengue
- Malaria
- ʻO ke kuni ʻōpū
- ʻO ka Encephalitis Kepanī ( ka wela o ka lolo )
- ʻO ke ʻano typhus
Ua pepehi kēia mau maʻi ma mua o 700,000 mau kānaka ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa i kēlā me kēia makahiki. He mea maʻamau kēia mau maʻi ma nā wahi wela a me nā wahi subtropical, e like me nā ʻāina e like me Sri Lanka.
He aha nā kumu o kēia maʻi?
ʻO ke kumu nui o ka laha ʻana o kēia mau maʻi, ʻo ia nā nahu o nā holoholona i loaʻa i ka maʻi e like me nā makika, nā ʻuku, nā ʻuku lele, a me nā nalo one. ʻOiai ʻo ka hapa nui o kēia mau holoholona he mau mea ʻūlū koko, ʻo ia ka manawa e laha ai ka maʻi.
Aia kekahi mau kumu ʻē aʻe e hoʻopilikia i ka laha ʻana o kēia mau maʻi.
- Kaiapuni: ʻO nā wahi e hōʻiliʻili ai ka wai (nā pūpū niu, nā kaila, nā ipu pua), a me ka mauʻu lōʻihi nā wahi maikaʻi loa no kēia mau mea lawe e hoʻohua ai.
- Ka nui o ka heluna kanaka a me ke kūlanakauhale ʻana: Ke noho pū ka nui o nā kānaka a kūkulu ʻia nā kūlanakauhale me ka ʻole o ka hoʻolālā ʻana, piʻi aʻe ke kaiapuni no kēia mau mea e ulu ai.
Ma ka papa ma lalo nei, hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i kekahi o nā maʻi maʻamau i ko mākou ʻāina a me ka honua, me ko lākou mau kumu.E pili ana i nā germs a me nā mea hoʻoili e hoʻolaha iā lākou.
| Maʻi | ʻO ka huakini pathogenic | Vector |
|---|---|---|
| Dengue, Chikungunya, Zika | He maʻi hoʻomake | Namu ʻAedes |
| Malaria | Parasite | Namu wahine ʻAnopheles |
| ʻO ka Encephalitis Kepanī | He maʻi hoʻomake | Namu Culex |
| ʻO ke ʻano typhus | He bacteria (Bacteria) | Nā ʻuku |
| Maʻi ahulau | He bacteria (Bacteria) | Nā ʻuku - (mai nā ʻiole a i nā kānaka) |
| Maʻi Lyme | He bacteria (Bacteria) | Nā ʻūpā |
He aha nā hōʻailona o nā maʻi maʻamau?
He ʻokoʻa nā hōʻailona o kēlā me kēia maʻi. ʻO ke kumu o kēia, ʻo ia ka ʻokoʻa o nā germs e hoʻoulu ai i ka maʻi. E nānā kākou i nā hōʻailona o kekahi mau maʻi maʻamau.
Mea nui: Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi a ʻoi aku paha o kēia mau hōʻailona, e ʻoluʻolu e ʻike koke i ke kauka, me ka ʻole o ke kuhi ʻana. Hiki i ka lāʻau lapaʻau koke ke hoʻopakele i nā ola.
| Maʻi | Nā hōʻailona maʻamau |
|---|---|
| ʻO ke kuni ʻōpū | Hoʻomaka koke ke kuni, ʻeha mau o nā hono, ʻehaʻeha o nā ʻiʻo, ʻeha poʻo, nausea, ʻehaʻeha o ke kino, a me nā ʻulaʻula o ka ʻili. Hiki i ka ʻeha o nā hono ke mau no nā pule. |
| Dengue | Ka hoʻomaka koke ʻana o ke kuni kiʻekiʻe (malia paha he 40°C), ka ʻeha poʻo nui, ka ʻeha ma lalo o nā maka, ka ʻeha o nā ʻiʻo a me nā hono, ka nausea, ka luaʻi ʻana, nā ʻōpū pehu a me ka ʻulaʻula o ka ʻili. Inā ʻike ʻoe i nā hōʻailona weliweli e like me ka ʻeha nui o ka ʻōpū, ka luaʻi mau ʻana, ke kahe ʻana o ke koko, a i ʻole ka paʻakikī o ka hanu ʻana, e hele koke i ka Emergency Department (ETU) o ka haukapila. |
| Malaria | Ke kuni nui, ka hou nui, ka ʻeha poʻo, ka nausea, ka ʻeha kino, ka maʻi kahe, ka luaʻi ʻana, ka paʻakikī o ka hanu ʻana, a me ka ʻeha o ka umauma. Inā holomua ka maʻi, hiki ke loaʻa ka jaundice (melemele o ka ʻili a me nā keʻokeʻo o nā maka) a me ka coma. |
| ʻO ka Encephalitis Kepanī | Hiki i nā pākeke ke ʻike mua i ke kuni, ka ʻeha poʻo, a me ka luaʻi. Hiki ke ulu aʻe nā hōʻailona neurological, me ka nāwaliwali a me ka paʻakikī i ka neʻe ʻana, i loko o kekahi mau lā. Hiki i nā keiki ʻōpio ke loaʻa i nā ʻōʻili. Ma waena o 20% a me 30% o ka poʻe me ka maʻi lolo e make. |
Nā ʻano lapaʻau a me ka pale ʻana no kēia mau maʻi
Lapaʻau
ʻOkoʻa ka lāʻau lapaʻau no kēia mau maʻi ma muli o ka maʻi.
- Nā maʻi viral:ʻAʻohe lāʻau lapaʻau e pepehi pololei i ka maʻi no nā maʻi i hoʻokumu ʻia e nā maʻi e like me ka dengue a me ka chikungunya. Maanei, hoʻomalu wale nā kauka i nā hōʻailona. No ka laʻana, hāʻawi lākou i ka lāʻau lapaʻau e hoʻemi i ke kuni a hoʻemi i ka ʻeha. He mea nui loa hoʻi ka loaʻa ʻana o ka nui o ka hoʻomaha a inu i nā wai (wai, wai huaʻai, porridge).
- Nā maʻi parasitic a me bacteria: No nā maʻi i hoʻokumu ʻia e nā parasites, e like me ka malaria, aia nā lāʻau lapaʻau e pepehi a kāohi paha i ka ulu ʻana o ka parasite (e.g. quinone). No nā maʻi bacteria, e like me ka typhus, hāʻawi ʻia nā antibiotics (e.g. doxycycline).
ʻO ka mea nui loa, ʻo ia ka hoʻohana wale ʻana i kekahi o kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau ma lalo o ke aʻo a kāu kauka. ʻO ka lawe ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau ma kāu iho e hoʻonui wale i ka maʻi.
Kāohi ʻana
ʻO ka ʻōlelo "ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka pale ʻana ma mua o ka hoʻōla" he 100% ʻoiaʻiʻo no kēia mau maʻi. E nānā kākou i ka mea hiki iā kākou ke hana e palekana ai mai kēia mau maʻi.
- E mālama i ke kaiapuni i ka maʻemaʻe: ʻO kēia ka mea nui loa. E hoʻolei i nā wai kū a puni kou home. E hoʻolei i nā pūpū niu, nā kaila kahiko, nā kīʻaha yogurt, a me ka wai i loko o nā ipu pua. He mau wahi hānau makika kēia.
- E kiʻi i ka lāʻau pale: Loaʻa nā lāʻau pale e pale aku i nā maʻi e like me ka encephalitis Kepanī. Hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike hou aʻe e pili ana i kēia mai ke keʻena o ke keʻena olakino kūloko.
- E uhi: E ʻaʻahu i nā lole e uhi pono ana i kou kino i ka wā e hele ai i waho, ʻoiai i ke kakahiaka a me ke ahiahi. Hiki i kēia ke hōʻemi i nā nahu makika.
- E hoʻohana i nā mea pale pepeke: E kau i ka mea pale makika ma nā wahi i hōʻike ʻia o kou ʻili.
- E makaʻala i ka wā e hele ai: Ma mua o ka hele ʻana i kahi lōʻihi, e nānā inā loaʻa kēia mau maʻi ma ia wahi. Inā pono, e ʻike i kāu kauka ma mua o ka hele ʻana a e ʻimi i ka ʻōlelo aʻo.
- E pale iā ʻoe iho mai nā ʻuku: Inā ʻoe e hele ana i loko o ka ululāʻau a i ʻole kahi mauʻu, e nānā i kou kino no nā ʻuku. Inā ʻike ʻoe i kahi ʻuku, mai huki iā ia me kou mau lima. E hoʻohana i nā tweezers e wehe pono iā ia a hoʻomaʻemaʻe pono i ka wahi me kahi mea hoʻomaʻemaʻe.
- Hoʻomaʻemaʻe meaʻai: E ʻai mau i ka meaʻai maʻemaʻe a moʻa maikaʻi ʻia.
Leka Lawe-Home
- ʻO nā maʻi i lawe ʻia e nā maʻi lele he mau maʻi ia i laha ʻia e nā holoholona maʻamau, e like me nā makika a me nā ʻuku, akā hiki ke lilo i mea weliweli loa.
- ʻO ke ala maikaʻi loa e pale aku ai iā ʻoe iho mai kēia mau maʻi, ʻo ia ka pale ʻana. He mea nui e mālama i kou home a me nā wahi e puni ana, ʻoiai me ka ʻole o nā wahi e hōʻiliʻili ai ka wai.
- He mea nui e ʻaʻahu i nā lole pale a hoʻohana i ka mea pale namu e pale iā ʻoe iho a me kou ʻohana mai nā nahu a nā pepeke e like me nā namu a me nā ʻuku.
- Inā ʻike ʻoe i nā hōʻailona e like me ke kuni nui koke, ka ʻeha poʻo nui, ka ʻeha kino a me nā hono, a me nā ʻōhū ʻili, mai hoʻokaʻulua a e ʻike koke i ke kauka kūpono.
- Mai ho'āʻo e lāʻau ponoʻī me ka ʻole o ke aʻo ʻana a ke kauka. Hiki iā ia ke hoʻokomo iā ʻoe i kahi pōʻino hou aʻe.
nā maʻi i lawe ʻia e nā vector, nā maʻi i lawe ʻia e nā makika, dengue, malaria, chikungunya, nā mea lawe maʻi, nā makika, ke olakino Sinhala, Sri Lanka
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