Ib yam li ib tug neeg uas tsis pom kev zoo pom tau lub ntiaj teb meej thaum lawv hnav tsom iav, puas yog? Ib yam li ntawd, cov tshuaj rau ADHD tuaj yeem pab cov neeg uas muaj ADHD tsom lawv txoj kev xav, tiv thaiv lawv kom tsis txhob raug cuam tshuam los ntawm tej yam tsis tsim nyog, thiab tswj lawv tus cwj pwm. Cov tshuaj no tsis tuaj yeem kho tau ADHD tag nrho, tab sis lawv tuaj yeem pab tswj cov tsos mob thiab pab lawv ua haujlwm tau zoo dua thaum lawv noj tshuaj.
Ua ntej tshaj plaws, ADHD yog dab tsi?
Hais yooj yim xwb, ADHD (Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder) yog ib qho teeb meem kev loj hlob ntawm lub hlwb uas pom ntau heev. Cov menyuam yaus uas muaj tus mob no yuav ua haujlwm ntau dhau, ua rau muaj tus cwj pwm tsis xav ua dab tsi, thiab muaj teeb meem mloog zoo, ua raws li cov lus qhia, thiab ua tiav cov haujlwm.
Cov tsos mob ntawm ADHD uas pib thaum yau feem ntau txuas ntxiv mus txog thaum laus. Qee qhov kev tshawb fawb qhia tias txog li 90% ntawm cov tsos mob thaum yau txuas ntxiv mus txog thaum laus. Qee zaum, tib neeg tsis paub tias lawv muaj ADHD kom txog thaum lawv laus.
Cov neeg laus uas muaj ADHD yuav muaj teeb meem ua raws li cov lus qhia, nco ntsoov cov ntaub ntawv, ua tib zoo xav, thiab npaj cov haujlwm. Txawm li cas los xij, cov tsos mob ntawm cov neeg laus yuav zoo li txawv me ntsis ntawm cov tsos mob ntawm cov menyuam yaus. Piv txwv li, hyperactivity hauv ib tug menyuam yaus yuav zoo li tsis so heev hauv ib tug neeg laus.
Muaj dab tsi tshwm sim tiag tiag nrog cov tshuaj ADHD?
Cov tshuaj ADHD ua haujlwm sib txawv nyob ntawm hom tshuaj uas lawv tau muab. Tab sis yuav luag txhua yam tshuaj ADHD ua haujlwm los ntawm kev ua kom cov tshuaj tseem ceeb (neurotransmitters) hauv peb lub hlwb nce ntxiv. Cov tshuaj tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog dopamine thiab norepinephrine.
Thaum cov theem no nce ntxiv, cov tsos mob ntawm ADHD pib tswj hwm. Qhov no txhais tau tias:
- Lub sijhawm uas koj muaj peev xwm tsom mus rau ib yam yuav nce ntxiv.
- Kev ua ub ua no ntau dhau yuav txo qis.
- Kev coj cwj pwm tsis raws cai raug tswj hwm.
- Lub peev xwm los npaj thiab teeb tsa cov haujlwm txhua hnub (kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo) zoo dua.
Qhov tseem ceeb yog tias cov tshuaj ADHD tsis ua haujlwm zoo ib yam rau txhua tus. Yam uas ua haujlwm rau ib tus neeg tej zaum yuav tsis ua haujlwm rau koj lossis koj tus menyuam. Yog li ntawd, tsis txhob xav tias cov tshuaj thawj zaug uas koj pib nrog yog qhov yog. Nws yuav tsis ua haujlwm, lossis nws yuav muaj cov kev mob tshwm sim tsis zoo. Lossis txawm tias cov tshuaj yog lawm, cov koob tshuaj yuav tsum tau hloov.
Yog li ntawd, nco ntsoov qhia rau koj tus kws kho mob txog txhua yam tshuaj, cov vitamins, thiab cov tshuaj ntxiv uas koj lossis koj tus menyuam noj, nrog rau koj haus caffeine ntau npaum li cas ib hnub, xws li kas fes.Vim tias kev noj qee yam tshuaj ua ke tuaj yeem muaj cov teebmeem tsis zoo rau lub cev.
Koj tus kws kho mob yuav sim cov tshuaj sib txawv thiab cov koob tshuaj sib txawv kom txog thaum lawv pom cov tshuaj thiab cov koob tshuaj zoo rau koj lossis koj tus menyuam. Thaum lub sijhawm ntawd, lawv yuav saib xyuas koj thiab kho cov koob tshuaj kom pom qhov sib npaug zoo tshaj plaws ntawm cov txiaj ntsig ntawm cov tshuaj thiab cov kev mob tshwm sim. Thaum pom cov tshuaj thiab cov koob tshuaj zoo, feem ntau cov neeg uas muaj ADHD tuaj yeem tswj lawv cov tsos mob zoo.
Cov tshuaj twg yog cov tshuaj rau ADHD?
ADHD feem ntau kho nrog cov tshuaj stimulants thiab cov tshuaj non-stimulants. Qee zaum cov tshuaj antidepressants kuj tseem yuav raug sau ntawv kom noj.
Cov tshuaj txhawb zog
Cov no yog cov tshuaj uas feem ntau siv rau ADHD. Txawm hais tias lub npe hu ua "stimulants," cov no tsis ua rau koj xav tias ceeb toom ntau dua. Lawv ua rau cov dopamine thiab norepinephrine hauv koj lub hlwb nce ntxiv. Cov tshuaj no tseem ceeb rau koj txoj kev mloog, kev xav, thiab kev txhawb zog. Cov kev tshawb fawb tau qhia tias kwv yees li 80% ntawm cov menyuam yaus uas muaj ADHD muaj kev txo qis cov tsos mob thaum lawv pom cov tshuaj stimulant thiab cov koob tshuaj zoo.
Cov tshuaj no suav tias yog cov tshuaj tswj hwm. Qhov no txhais tau tias lawv muaj peev xwm ua rau raug mob lossis quav tshuaj. Txawm li cas los xij, lawv muaj kev nyab xeeb heev thaum noj nyob rau hauv kev saib xyuas ntawm tus kws kho mob. Ua ntej sau ntawv rau cov tshuaj, koj tus kws kho mob kuj tseem yuav ua EKG los xyuas seb puas muaj teeb meem plawv dhia uas tsis pom.
Muaj ob hom tshuaj stimulants:
- Tso tawm tam sim ntawd / ua haujlwm luv luv: Cov no feem ntau noj raws li qhov xav tau. Lawv kav ntev li 4 teev. Thaum cov tshuaj no tsis ua haujlwm lawm, qee tus neeg yuav muaj "kev poob qis" lossis "kev rov qab zoo li qub." Qhov no txhais tau tias lawv cia li poob zog, xav tias tshaib plab heev, thiab qee tus neeg yuav poob siab sai sai.
- Tso tawm qeeb / ua haujlwm ntev: Cov no feem ntau noj ib zaug ib hnub thaum sawv ntxov. Qee cov ua haujlwm rau 6-8 teev, thaum lwm tus tuaj yeem kav ntev txog 16 teev. Cov tshuaj no txo qhov nce thiab nqis ntawm lub zog thiab lub siab thoob plaws hnub. Qhov no kuj txo qhov xav tau koob tshuaj ntxiv ntawm tsev kawm ntawv lossis ua haujlwm.
Cov tshuaj tsis ua kom muaj zog
Cov no kuj yog cov tshuaj uas kws kho mob sau ntawv kom yuav, tab sis lawv tsis yog cov tshuaj tswj hwm xws li cov tshuaj txhawb zog. Qhov no txhais tau tias muaj kev pheej hmoo tsawg dua ntawm kev quav yeeb quav tshuaj lossis kev siv tsis raug. Lawv feem ntau ua haujlwm los ntawm kev ua kom cov norepinephrine hauv lub hlwb ntau ntxiv.
Cov tshuaj no siv sijhawm ntev dua me ntsis kom pib ua haujlwm dua li cov tshuaj stimulants. Koj yuav tsum noj cov tshuaj tas li tsawg kawg yog 3-4 lub lis piam kom hnov cov txiaj ntsig tag nrho.Tiamsis cov no kuj tseem tuaj yeem tswj koj txoj kev mloog, kev sib koom tes, thiab lub zog. Lawv tuaj yeem ua haujlwm tau txog li 24 teev.
Muaj ntau yam ua rau tus kws kho mob sau ntawv kom siv hom tshuaj no:
- Yog tias cov tshuaj stimulant tsis ua haujlwm.
- Yog tias koj tab tom ntsib cov kev mob tshwm sim tsis tuaj yeem tiv taus los ntawm cov tshuaj stimulants.
- Yog tias koj xav kom cov txiaj ntsig ntau ntxiv, muab nws nrog rau cov tshuaj stimulants.
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev nyuaj siab
Cov tshuaj no tsis yog cov tshuaj uas tau pom zoo tshwj xeeb rau kev kho ADHD. Txawm li cas los xij, cov kws kho mob qee zaum sau ntawv rau lawv ib leeg lossis ua ke nrog cov tshuaj stimulants rau ADHD. Cov tshuaj antidepressants rau ADHD kuj cuam tshuam rau cov theem dopamine thiab norepinephrine hauv lub hlwb.
Cov tshuaj ADHD puas muaj cov kev mob tshwm sim?
Yog, yeej muaj tseeb. Tej zaum yuav muaj tej yam tshwm sim tsis zoo thaum koj pib noj tshuaj. Tab sis feem ntau cov no tsuas yog ib ntus xwb thiab tsis loj heev. Lawv yuav ploj mus tom qab ob peb lub lis piam thaum koj lub cev hloov mus rau cov tshuaj. Tab sis tsis tshua muaj, lawv tuaj yeem loj lossis nyob ntev.
Cov kev mob tshwm sim feem ntau pom yog:
- Tsis qab los noj mov: Qhov no cuam tshuam txog li 80% ntawm cov neeg uas noj cov tshuaj stimulants.
- Kev poob phaus: Qhov no tuaj yeem tswj tau los ntawm kev noj tshuaj tom qab noj mov lossis los ntawm kev ntxiv cov khoom xws li cov protein shakes rau hauv koj cov zaub mov noj.
- Nyuaj pw tsaug zog: Qhov no suav nrog nyuaj pw tsaug zog thiab sawv ntau zaus. Kev hloov lub sijhawm noj tshuaj ntawm ib hnub tuaj yeem pab txo qhov no mus rau qib zoo.
Lwm cov kev mob tshwm sim:
- Cov nyhuv rov qab los: Ib qho kev xav tias qaug zog ib ntus, chim siab ntxiv, lossis hloov pauv tus cwj pwm thaum cov tshuaj tas sij hawm.
- Kev Ntxhov Siab: Kev ntxhov siab tshiab pib los yog kev ntxhov siab zuj zus tuaj.
- Tics: Kev txav mus los lossis suab nrov tam sim ntawd, rov ua dua (piv txwv li, ntsais muag, tshem caj pas). Cov tshuaj ADHD tsis ua rau tics, tab sis lawv yuav pom tseeb dua li tsis muaj tshuaj.
- Mob plab: tej yam xws li xeev siab thiab ntuav.
- Kev hloov pauv ntawm cov ntshav siab thiab lub plawv dhia: Qee cov tshuaj tuaj yeem ua rau cov ntshav siab nce me ntsis. Lub plawv dhia kuj tseem yuav nce me ntsis. Qhov no feem ntau tsis txaus ntshai, tab sis yog tias koj lossis koj tus menyuam muaj keeb kwm ntawm kab mob plawv , koj yuav tsum qhia rau koj tus kws kho mob.
Yog tias cov kev mob tshwm sim no tsis ploj mus tom qab ob peb lub lis piam, koj tus kws kho mob yuav tswj tau lawv los ntawm kev hloov qhov ntau npaum li cas lossis lub sijhawm ntawm koj cov tshuaj, hloov koj mus rau cov tshuaj ua haujlwm ntev dua, lossis sim lwm hom tshuaj.
Puas tswj tau ADHD yam tsis muaj tshuaj?
Kab kev kho mob thawj zaug rau ADHD yog tshuaj.Cov kev tshawb fawb tau qhia tias kwv yees li 80% ntawm cov menyuam yaus muaj kev vam meej nrog kev siv tshuaj. Tab sis tej zaum koj ntshai cov kev phiv ntawm cov tshuaj, lossis koj tsis xav noj tshuaj rau lwm yam laj thawj.
Rau ntau tus neeg , kev kho tus cwj pwm yog ib qho kev xaiv zoo. Kev kho tus cwj pwm suav nrog kev qhia thiab txhawb nqa tus cwj pwm zoo thiab txo cov cwj pwm tsis xav tau thiab tsis zoo.
- Rau cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog qis dua 6 xyoos: Nws raug pom zoo kom cov niam txiv tau txais kev cob qhia txog kev tswj tus cwj pwm. Los ntawm qhov no, cov niam txiv tuaj yeem kawm cov txheej txheem thiab cov txheej txheem los pab lawv tus menyuam.
- Tom qab muaj hnub nyoog 6 xyoo: Kev kho tus cwj pwm raug pom zoo nrog rau kev siv tshuaj. Lub tsev kawm ntawv ntawm tus menyuam kuj yog ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm txoj kev npaj kho mob no.
| Hom tshuaj | Piv txwv siv ntau (Generic / Hom Lub Npe) |
|---|---|
| Cov tshuaj txhawb zog | Methylphenidate (Ritalin, Concerta), Amphetamine (Adderall, Vyvanse) |
| Cov tshuaj tsis ua kom muaj zog | Atomoxetine (Stratera), Guanfacine (Intuniv) |
| Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev nyuaj siab (Siv rau qee kis) | Bupropion (Wellbutrin) |
Kuv yuav tsum noj cov tshuaj no ntev npaum li cas?
ADHD yog ib yam mob uas yuav kho tau mus ib txhis thiab tsis muaj tshuaj kho tau. Yog li ntawd, tej zaum koj yuav tau noj tshuaj los tswj koj cov tsos mob. Yog tias koj pom ib yam tshuaj uas ua haujlwm rau koj thiab tswj koj cov tsos mob, nws yuav zoo dua yog noj nws mus tas koj lub neej. Koj tus kws kho mob yog tus neeg zoo tshaj plaws los tham txog qhov no.
Cov Lus Qhia Txog Kev Coj Mus Tsev
- Cov tshuaj ADHD zoo li cov tsom iav. Lawv pab lub hlwb tsom ntsoov thiab tsom nws txoj kev xav.
- Cov tshuaj no sib npaug cov tshuaj lom neeg hauv lub hlwb thiab tswj kev mloog zoo, kev tswj tus cwj pwm, thiab kev ua ub no.
- Yuav siv sijhawm me ntsis los nrhiav cov tshuaj thiab cov koob tshuaj uas haum rau koj lossis koj tus menyuam. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum ua haujlwm nrog koj tus kws kho mob hauv txoj kev no.
- Cov kev mob tshwm sim feem ntau yog ib ntus xwb. Tsis txhob txhawj txog lawv, tab sis nrog koj tus kws kho mob tham. Nws tuaj yeem pab koj tswj hwm lawv.
- Tsis txhob tsum noj tshuaj lossis hloov qhov ntau npaum li cas yam tsis tau kev qhia los ntawm kws kho mob.
- Nrog rau kev siv tshuaj, kev kho tus cwj pwm yog ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm kev tswj hwm ADHD.
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Tsis muaj lus teb tau muab tso tawm. Ntxiv koj cov lus tawm ntawm no thawj zaug.
Ntxiv koj cov lus